Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
The importance of seafloor topographic correction in identifying and picking seismic phases of OBS
Received date: 2016-10-27
Request revised date: 2016-11-28
Online published: 2017-09-22
Supported by
Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (91428204, 91028002)
Natural Science Foundation of China ( 41404050, 41176053, 41606064)
Copyright
Ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) survey is a preferred way to detect deep crustal structures beneath seafloor. It is important to identify and pick reflected/refracted seismic phases correctly in OBS seismic record sections to obtain deep seismic structures. When OBS instruments are deployed on rugged seafloor, the propagating characteristics of seismic phases from the deep lithosphere, such as Pg, PmP and Pn, can be affected by undulated topography. For example, along the seismic line A4M4 cutting across the Zhenbei and Huangyan seamounts in the East Sub-basin of the South China Sea, and along the line Y3Y4 crossing the mid-ocean ridge in the Southwest India Ridge, the highly-varied reliefs increase the difficulty to identify seismic phases in the OBS record sections. Topographic correction is done to eliminate the effects of seafloor topography before picking the travel times of seismic phases. Seismic phases can be identified accurately after the correction according to different apparent velocities and propagating patterns of seismic phases. The method of seafloor topographic correction contributes greatly to recognizing seismic phases and studying crustal structures in these rough terrains, and it can provide references and experiences for the identification of OBS seismic phases in other areas with complex topography.
WANG Jian , ZHAO Minghui , ZHANG Jiazheng , HE Enyuan , QIU Xuelin . The importance of seafloor topographic correction in identifying and picking seismic phases of OBS[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2017 , 36(5) : 93 -100 . DOI: 10.11978/2016107
Fig. 1 Theoretical seismic phases for a normal oceanic crust. (a) Normal oceanic crustal model and ray-tracing paths; (b) theoretical travel-time curves of seismic phases. The velocities of seawater, sediment, Layer 2, Layer 3, and upper mantle are set to 1.5, 2.4-3.0, 3.4-6.4, 6.6-7.0, 7.8-8.0 km·s-1, respectively. The thicknesses of seawater, sediment, Layer 2 and Layer 3 are of 3.0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 km, respectively. The reduced travel time = (absolute travel time - distance/reduced velocity)/s, and the reduced velocity is 6.0 km·s-1图1 典型洋壳模型的理论震相展布图 |
Fig. 2 Bathymetric map of the East Sub-basin of the South China Sea and locations of OBSs. The gray circles indicate OBS stations; the thin white lines represent air-gun shooting tracks, and the bold white line represents seismic line A4M4图2 南海东部次海盆海底地形及OBS位置 |
Fig. 3 Bathymetry depth along the seismic line A4M4 in the East Sub-basin of the South China Sea图3 南海东部次海盆沿A4M4测线的水深 |
Fig. 4 Seismic record sections before and after topographic correction, ray-tracing and travel-times fitting for Station OBS05 along Profile A4M4. (a) The original seismic record section. Red line is the travel time of seismic wave passing through seawater, corresponding to the vertical ordinate on the right side; (b) seismic record section after topographic correction; (c) observed travel times (colored vertical error bars associated with uncertainties) compared to calculated travel times (black dots); (d) crust structure model and ray-tracing simulation, where different colored rays are comparable to the different colored travel times in (c). The reduced travel time = (absolute travel time - offset/reduced velocity)/s, and the reduced velocity is 6.0 km·s-1图4 A4M4剖面中OBS05台站地形校正前后地震记录剖面及射线追踪与走时模拟 |
Fig. 5 Seismic record sections before and after topographic correction, ray-tracing and travel-times fitting for Station OBS31 along Profile A4M4. Legends are the same as those in |
Fig. 6 Bathymetric map of the Southwest India Ridge and locations of OBSs. The gray circles indicate OBS stations; the thin white lines represent air-gun shooting tracks, and the bold white line represents seismic line Y3Y4图6 西南印度洋中脊海底地形及OBS位置 |
Fig. 7 Bathymetry depth along the seismic line Y3Y4 in the Southwest India Ridge图7 西南印度洋中脊沿Y3Y4测线的水深 |
Fig. 8 Seismic record sections before and after topographic correction, ray-tracing and travel-times fitting for Station OBS02 along Profile Y3Y4. Legends are the same as those in |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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