Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Influence of aquaculture of Sipunculus nudus on sediment
Received date: 2017-04-05
Request revised date: 2017-06-22
Online published: 2018-02-02
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China (41606137)
Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2015A030310260, 2015A030313855)
Marine Fishery Science and Technology Industry Projects from Guangdong Province (B201601-01)
Scientific Research Funds for Central Non-profit Institutes, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute (2013ZD01)
Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment (LFE-2016-9)
Copyright
To study the effects of culturing and proliferation of Sipunculus nudus on tidal flat sediment, we carried out an investigation in a culturing zone located in Suixi, Beibu Gulf, China in spring and autumn 2016. The organic matter content (OM), grain size and oxidation reduction potential (ORP) of the sediment were determined in the S group (Sipunculus nudus monoculture), P group (polyculture of S. nudus and Meretrix lyrata) and C group (blank zone without S. nudus). The OM and fine sand of the layer (20~30 cm) in the S group accumulated obviously, but only the surface layer (0~3 cm) in the C group had a similar tendency, which indicated that S. nudus can migrate down the surface sediment, and the migration depth was about 20~30 cm in the tidal flat. The ORP of the pore water in the C group had no significant decrease, and most of the layers in the S group had similar changing trends except that the layer of 10~20 cm decreased to some extent, which indicated that the culture of S. nudus in tidal flat will not result in significant deterioration of sediment. The OM and fine sand of the five layers in the P group increased significantly than those in the S and C groups, which indicated that the Meretrix lyrata had strong filter feeding and deposition ability, and the bioturbation of S. nudus can accelerate the migration of OM and fine sand. The ORP value of the two layers (0~3, 3~10 cm) in the P group decreased significantly than that in the S group (p<0.05), and the results indicated that the high density of Meretrix lyrata will result in significant deterioration of their habitat. S. nudus can migrate down and bury surface organic matter, and M. lyrata can promote the deposition of particulate matter; the complementary functions of the two animals help improve the nutrient utilization and carbon sequestration function of the tidal flat.
Key words: Sipunculus nudus Linnaeus; Meretrix lyrata; culturing; sediment
LI Junwei , XIE Xiaoyong , GUO Yongjian , ZHU Changbo , CHEN Suwen , DING Xian , LI Ting , CHEN Zhenguo . Influence of aquaculture of Sipunculus nudus on sediment[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2018 , 37(1) : 37 -44 . DOI: 10.11978/2017037
Fig. 1 Location of the studying area in Beibu Gulf (L1)图1 北部湾方格星虫增养殖区及调查地点(L1) |
Fig. 2 The water content of tidal flat sediment in each of the three groups图2 不同增养殖区滩涂底质含水率 |
Fig. 3 Organic matter content in different layers in spring图3 春季不同层次沉积物中的有机质质量分数 |
Fig. 4 Organic matter content in different layers in autumn图4 秋季不同层次沉积物中的有机质质量分数 |
Fig. 5 The oxidation reduction potential (ORP) of different layers in spring图5 春季不同层次沉积物中的氧化还原电位值变化 |
Fig. 6 The oxidation reduction potential of different layers in autumn图6 秋季不同层次沉积物中的氧化还原电位值变化 |
Tab. 1 The grain composition of tidal flat sediment in spring表1 春季不同增养殖区滩涂底质粒径组成 |
粒径组成 | 处理组 | 0~3cm | 3~10cm | 10~20cm | 20~30cm | 30~40cm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
d>0.85mm 沙粒占比/% | 对照区 | 38.62±3.36 | 23.21±3.02 | 23.68±3.18 | 29.27±3.62 | 31.39±2.89 |
沙虫区 | 23.26±1.69 | 25.03±2.33 | 26.93±3.26 | 33.23±2.59 | 34.29±3.65 | |
混养区 | 22.56±2.56 | 23.68±2.69 | 27.38±3.02 | 32.16±3.23 | 32.31±2.98 | |
0.85mm>d>0.43mm 沙粒占比/% | 对照区 | 20.32±3.02 | 26.58±2.21 | 29.59±2.37 | 30.79±4.03 | 32.92±2.61 |
沙虫区 | 38.57±4.23 | 36.38±3.69 | 35.59±2.13 | 35.56±5.32 | 37.75±3.26 | |
混养区 | 36.52±4.31 | 35.61±4.10 | 34.13±3.41 | 36.57±4.67 | 37.66±4.09 | |
0.43mm>d>0.18mm 沙粒占比/% | 对照区 | 31.53±3.18 | 38.76±4.35 | 37.25±2.72 | 31.13±3.02 | 29.09±2.69 |
沙虫区 | 29.39±3.04 | 32.69±3.52 | 30.52±2.61 | 24.31±3.68 | 21.94±2.23 | |
混养区 | 32.41±3.08 | 33.26±2.06 | 29.31±2.83 | 26.41±3.76 | 24.23±2.51 | |
0.18mm>d>0.1mm 沙粒占比/% | 对照区 | 7.63±1.02 | 9.36±1.69 | 8.12±1.15 | 6.31±0.96 | 4.91±1.35 |
沙虫区 | 6.84±0.69 | 4.57±0.93 | 4.68±0.52 | 4.23±0.38 | 4.18±0.25 | |
混养区 | 5.92±0.81 | 4.23±0.62 | 4.92±0.12 | 4.13±0.64 | 4.68±0.58 | |
d<0.1mm 沙粒占比/% | 对照区 | 0.65±0.13 | 1.32±0.20 | 0.83±0.09 | 1.69±0.16 | 1.36±0.08 |
沙虫区 | 0.63±0.05 | 0.52±0.08 | 0.65±0.11 | 0.68±0.14 | 0.85±0.20 | |
混养区 | 0.71±0.18 | 0.56±0.13 | 0.59±0.09 | 0.71±0.07 | 0.80±0.09 |
Tab. 2 The grain composition of tidal flat sediment in autumn表2 秋季不同增养殖区滩涂底质粒径组成 |
粒径组成 | 处理组 | 0~3cm | 3~10cm | 10~20cm | 20~30cm | 30~40cm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
d>0.85mm 沙粒占比/% | 对照区 | 44.88±6.37 | 17.37±3.21 | 22.90±2.36 | 32.59±4.09 | 33.21±2.67 |
沙虫区 | 29.40±3.01 | 25.35±2.15 | 23.83±3.41 | 25.44±3.96 | 24.18±2.91 | |
混养区 | 28.29±4.64 | 17.66±1.82 | 16.26±2.13 | 28.35±3.64 | 27.62±3.04 | |
0.85>d>0.43mm 沙粒占比/% | 对照区 | 16.91±2.06 | 25.77±3.19 | 30.86±2.82 | 30.85±3.17 | 31.03±4.53 |
沙虫区 | 30.75±4.13 | 33.28±2.27 | 34.45±4.61 | 33.11±2.98 | 33.12±4.91 | |
混养区 | 26.06±3.83 | 25.54±2.61 | 26.72±2.37 | 30.37±3.64 | 29.06±3.17 | |
0.43>d>0.18mm 沙粒占比/% | 对照区 | 29.49±4.13 | 44.11±5.26 | 37.80±4.01 | 28.37±3.28 | 27.21±3.94 |
沙虫区 | 34.00±5.13 | 35.81±2.69 | 35.05±4.37 | 35.62±4.16 | 36.19±5.38 | |
混养区 | 34.69±2.16 | 41.87±5.64 | 41.94±4.28 | 33.08±3.01 | 34.59±4.53 | |
0.18>d>0.1mm 沙粒占比/% | 对照区 | 7.85±1.02 | 11.24±1.85 | 7.63±0.52 | 5.75±0.63 | 4.23±0.41 |
沙虫区 | 5.36±0.68 | 5.12±0.81 | 6.07±1.03 | 5.15±0.59 | 5.26±0.67 | |
混养区 | 8.17±1.21 | 11.61±1.06 | 12.22±1.39 | 6.90±0.81 | 7.15±0.79 | |
d<0.1mm 沙粒占比/% | 对照区 | 0.87±0.19 | 1.50±0.08 | 0.81±0.05 | 2.45±0.27 | 1.67±0.31 |
沙虫区 | 0.49±0.05 | 0.45±0.06 | 0.59±0.12 | 0.68±0.09 | 0.65±0.11 | |
混养区 | 2.79±0.31 | 3.33±0.26 | 2.86±0.32 | 1.29±0.17 | 1.35±0.25 |
Tab. 3 Diatom density in surface sediment in autumn表3 秋季滩涂沉积物表层的硅藻密度(单位: ×104个•cm-2) |
组别 | 对照区 | 沙虫区 | 混养区 |
---|---|---|---|
针杆藻Synedra sp. | 85 | 102 | 17 |
粗针杆藻Synedra Robusta Ralfs | 50 | 17 | 34 |
舟形藻Navicula sp. | 170 | 85 | 34 |
双壁藻Diploneis sp. | - | - | 17 |
卵形藻Cocconeis sp. | - | - | 17 |
舟形藻 斑点亚属Navicula Punctatae sp. | - | - | 17 |
总数 | 305 | 204 | 136 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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