南海岛礁周边海域表面叶绿素浓度的时空特征

doi:10.11978/2018135

热带海洋学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (6): 21-28.doi: 10.11978/2018135CSTR: 32234.14.2018135

所属专题：南海专题

南海岛礁周边海域表面叶绿素浓度的时空特征

陈武阳, 李骏旻(), 何庆友, 唐世林, 施平

热带海洋环境国家重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所), 广东广州 510301

收稿日期:2018-12-10 修回日期:2019-05-07 出版日期:2019-11-20 发布日期:2019-11-26
通讯作者: 李骏旻
作者简介:陈武阳(1995—), 男, 江西省九江市人, 主要从事珊瑚礁海区动力过程环境效应研究
基金资助:
中国科学院先导专项项目(XDA13030304);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1405402);中国科学院重点部署项目(KGZDEW60902);热带海洋环境国家重点实验室(中国科学院南海海洋研究所)自主研究项目(LTOZZ1701)

Spatial-temporal variation of sea surface chlorophyll around islands and reefs in the South China Sea

CHEN Wuyang, LI Junmin(), HE Qingyou, TANG Shilin, SHI Ping

State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China

Received:2018-12-10 Revised:2019-05-07 Online:2019-11-20 Published:2019-11-26
Contact: Junmin LI
Supported by:
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA13030304);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1405402);Key Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(KGZDEW60902);Innovation Group Program of State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography (South China Sea Institute of Oceanology)(LTOZZ1701)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

南海海域内岛礁众多, 渔业资源丰富, 而目前针对岛礁周边海区生态要素开展的研究仍较少。本文利用近20年多卫星融合水色遥感数据, 分析了南海38个主要岛礁周边区域海面叶绿素浓度的空间分布、季节变化和年际变化特征。结果表明, 岛礁周边普遍存在叶绿素浓度高值区, 其浓度约在离岛礁5个等效半径外降至海区背景水平。岛礁周边海域的叶绿素(相对于背景值的)浓度异常受海区背景值影响, 两者在南海的空间分布格局与背景值基本一致: 在平均温度较低、季风强度较大的东沙、西沙海区, 叶绿素浓度异常高于温度较高、季风强度相对较弱的中沙、南沙海区。叶绿素浓度呈现出明显的季节变化和年际变化特征, 一般在冬季风期间升高, 而在夏季风爆发前降至最低; 在El Ni?o次年随海温升高和季风减弱而下降, 在La Ni?a次年则相反。岛礁周边的叶绿素浓度异常受到温度变化的影响, 随着近年来海温变化幅度加大, 其年均水平呈显著下降趋势(P=5.05×10 ^-5)。这些结果可为我国岛礁区域渔业资源的开发和管理提供信息支持。

关键词: 岛礁, 叶绿素, 南海, 季风, 海面温度

Abstract:

There are many islands and reefs associated with abundant fishery resources in the South China Sea (SCS). Ecological variables such as chlorophyll in these regions were seldom studied. In this paper, merged ocean color data in recent ~20 years are used to analyze the spatial, seasonal and interannual variations of sea surface chlorophyll concentration (CHL) around 38 islands and reefs in the SCS. The results show that CHL is relatively high around these islands and reefs, which is generally reduced to the background level at five equivalent radii from the island center. The CHL anomaly (relative to the background CHL) is consistent with background CHL in terms of spatial distribution. They are relatively high in Xisha and Dongsha regions, and relatively low in Zhongsha and Nansha regions, mainly due to differences in temperatures and monsoon intensities. The CHL has significant seasonal and interannual variations. It rises during the winter monsoon and falls to a minimum before the summer monsoon onset. It declines in the following years of El Ni?o, when the SST increases and the monsoon weaken; and the opposite happens in the following years of La Ni?a. Moreover, the CHL anomaly increases in spring and autumn seasons when the coral reef community is growing vigorously in Xisha and Dongsha regions. It decreased significantly (P=5.05×10 ^-5) during the last 20 years, probably due to the increases in sea surface temperature and its amplitude. These findings provide useful information for the development and management of fishery resources in the SCS.

Key words: islands and reefs, chlorophyll, South China Sea, monsoons, sea surface temperature

陈武阳, 李骏旻, 何庆友, 唐世林, 施平. 南海岛礁周边海域表面叶绿素浓度的时空特征[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2019, 38(6): 21-28.

CHEN Wuyang, LI Junmin, HE Qingyou, TANG Shilin, SHI Ping. Spatial-temporal variation of sea surface chlorophyll around islands and reefs in the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2019, 38(6): 21-28.

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海区	岛礁	经度	纬度	R/km
东沙群岛	北卫滩	115°58′E	21°04′N	2.1
	南卫滩	115°55′E	20°58′N	2.3
	东沙环礁	116°49′E	20°40′N	11.6
西沙群岛	华光礁	111°40′E	16°13′N	12.9
	中建岛	111°12′E	15°46′N	2.1
	永兴岛	112°20′E	16°50′N	2.3
	银砾滩	112°14′E	16°46′N	2.2
	玉琢礁	112°01′E	16°20′N	7.3
	浪花礁	112°31′E	16°03′N	8.2
	东岛	112°44′E	16°40′N	2.0
	金银岛	111°31′E	16°27′N	2.9
中沙群岛	华夏暗沙	113°58′E	15°52′N	3.2
	排洪滩	113°42′E	15°37′N	2.4
	中南暗沙	115°24′E	13°57′N	3.3
	黄岩岛	117°46′E	15°09′N	8.2
南沙群岛	雄南礁	116°46′E	11°55′N	2.1
	双子礁	114°21′E	11°25′N	5.9
	铁峙礁	114°14′E	11°03′N	5.4
	渚碧礁	114°05′E	10°55′N	2.8
	库归礁	114°35′E	10°45′N	4.3
	杨信沙洲	114°32′E	10°42′N	6.0
	舶兰礁	114°35′E	10°24′N	4.7
	安达礁	114°42′E	10°21′N	5.6
	牛轭礁	114°39′E	09°59′N	3.6
	主权礁	114°34′E	09°58′N	2.3
	华礁	114°18′E	09°50′N	4.2
	屈原礁	114°22′E	09°47′N	5.6
	和平暗沙	115°54′E	10°53′N	4.2
	海马滩	117°47′E	10°50′N	7.0
	东华礁	116°55′E	10°32′N	2.1
	莪兰暗沙	117°16′E	10°19′N	4.2
	半路礁	116°08′E	10°07′N	2.0
	美济礁	115°32′E	09°54′N	4.6
	仁爱礁	115°52′E	09°44′N	3.3
	浪口礁	114°40′E	08°07′N	16.1
	金盾暗沙	111°32′E	07°35′N	4.3
	福禄寺礁	113°38′E	10°14′N	2.2
	万安滩	109°31′E	07°30′N	5.3

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南海岛礁周边海域表面叶绿素浓度的时空特征

Spatial-temporal variation of sea surface chlorophyll around islands and reefs in the South China Sea

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