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热带海洋学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 13-24.doi: 10.11978/2019076CSTR: 32234.14.2019076

• 海洋水文学 • 上一篇    下一篇

潮汐和风对马六甲海峡海流的影响

范锦晓1(), 胡松1,2,3()   

  1. 1.上海海洋大学海洋科学学院海洋生态系统与环境实验室, 上海 201306
    2.国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306
    3.上海河口海洋测绘工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-24 修回日期:2020-01-21 出版日期:2020-07-20 发布日期:2020-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 胡松
  • 作者简介:范锦晓(1994—), 男, 上海市人, 硕士研究生, 从事物理海洋学研究。E-mail: 154842967@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海海洋大学“物理海洋与海洋气象考察项目”(D-8002-14-8001)

Impact of tides and winds on currents in the Malacca Strait

Jinxiao FAN1(), Song HU1,2,3()   

  1. 1. Marine Ecosystem and Environmental Laboratory, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
    2. National Oceanic Fisheries Engineering Research Center, Shanghai 201306, China
    3. Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Estuarine and Oceanographic Mapping, Shanghai 201306, China
  • Received:2019-08-24 Revised:2020-01-21 Online:2020-07-20 Published:2020-07-27
  • Contact: Song HU
  • Supported by:
    Foundation item: Physical Oceanography and Investigation Project of Shanghai Ocean University(D-8002-14-8001)

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摘要：

基于非结构有限体积法海洋模型FVCOM(Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model), 建立了马六甲海峡及其毗邻海域高分辨率水动力数值模型, 研究了风和潮流作用下的余环流结构以及水体输运特征。结果表明, 马六甲海峡航道中央潮流运动以往复流为主, 边缘存在旋转流; 主要研究区域内落潮流速略大于涨潮流速, 东南窄道处流速最大; 因峡道束窄变浅, 在涨落潮过程中潮流发生汇聚与分离; 主要研究区域东南段存在3个显著的潮致余环流; 东北季风驱动时模型响应为海峡海流整体向西北方向流动, 西南季风时反之; 季风期间潮致表层余环流结构被破坏, 但底层余流仍存在水平环流结构, 且随着风速增加, 底层余环流的数目、大小、形状、位置均会产生变化; 季风过渡期余环流结构也会发生部分改变, 尤其是小潮期间风场影响效果显著。

关键词: 马六甲海峡, 潮流, 余流, FVCOM, 季风

Abstract:

A high-resolution hydrodynamic numerical model of the Malacca Strait and its adjacent sea was established using the unstructured Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM). The residual circulation structures and water transport caused by tides and winds were studied. The results show that the movements of tidal currents in the middle channel of the Malacca Strait are dominated by rectilinear currents with rotary currents at the edge, and that the velocities of ebb tides are slightly larger than those of flood tides in the main study domain. The southeast narrow channel is the region with the largest velocities of currents. The tidal currents show multiple convergence and divergence due to the great changes of topography, with three major residual circulations in the Malacca Strait. Forced by the idealized northeast monsoon used in the model, the currents in the Malacca Strait flow to the northwest, while the situation during the southwest monsoon is reversed. During the monsoon period, the residual circulation in the surface layer is destroyed, but still exists in the bottom layer; and as the wind becomes stronger, the number, size, shape, and position of the residual circulation in the bottom layer change. During the inter-monsoon period, the residual current structures change partly during spring tide, but significant change occurs during neap tide under the effect of winds.

Key words: Malacca Strait, tidal current, residual current, FVCOM, monsoon

中图分类号: 

  • P731.21