南海珊瑚礁海域黑缘尾九棘鲈生物学特征初步研究

doi:10.11978/2020069

热带海洋学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 50-62.doi: 10.11978/2020069CSTR: 32234.14.2020069

南海珊瑚礁海域黑缘尾九棘鲈生物学特征初步研究

洪小帆^1,²(), 陈作志^2,³(), 江艳娥^2,³, 张俊^2,³, 王欢欢², 李媛洁², 李纲¹

1.上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306
2.中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所, 农业农村部外海渔业开发重点实验室, 广东广州 510300
3.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州), 广东广州 511458

收稿日期:2020-07-06 修回日期:2020-08-21 出版日期:2021-07-10 发布日期:2020-08-21
通讯作者: 陈作志
作者简介:洪小帆(1996—), 男, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为海洋渔业生态。email: jyhdhkhxf114209@gmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31902374);国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFC1406502);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0605);农业农村部财政专项(NFZX2021)

Biological characteristics of Cephalopholis spiloparaea of reef waters in the South China Sea

HONG Xiaofan^1,²(), CHEN Zuozhi^2,³(), JIANG Yane^2,³, ZHANG Jun^2,³, WANG Huanhuan², LI Yuanjie², LI Gang¹

1. College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
2. South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Open-Sea Fishery Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510300, China
3. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China

Received:2020-07-06 Revised:2020-08-21 Online:2021-07-10 Published:2020-08-21
Contact: CHEN Zuozhi
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31902374);National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1406502);Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)(GML2019ZD0605);Financial Fund of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(NFZX2021)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根据2018—2019年在南沙群岛和西沙群岛珊瑚礁海域采集的礁栖鱼类黑缘尾九棘鲈(Cephalopholis spiloparaea)样本, 对其群体结构、性腺成熟度、摄食强度、肥满度、年龄与生长等生物学特征进行了初步研究, 通过对比分析了南海这两个珊瑚礁海域中黑缘尾九棘鲈生物学特征的地理差异。结果表明: 在南沙海域和西沙海域中黑缘尾九棘鲈的平均体长分别为105.5±10.5mm和110.4±13.1mm, 两海域间的体长和体质量分布均具有极显著的差异(P<0.01); 南沙海域与西沙海域样本体长和体质量关系的异速生长因子b值分别为2.881与2.797; 耳石样本分析结果显示年龄范围为0.58~1.44a, 两个海域间并无显著性差异(P>0.05); 由von Bertalanffy生长方程计算所得的生长参数显示, 南沙海域的黑缘尾九棘鲈比西沙海域的体型相对较小、生长速度相对较快; 两海域黑缘尾九棘鲈的性腺成熟度均以Ⅱ期为主, 且西沙海域样本性腺成熟比例高于南沙海域; 摄食等级以1级为主, 两个海域间的摄食等级分布无显著性差异(P>0.05); 与西沙群岛海域相比, 南沙群岛海域的黑缘尾九棘鲈群体表现出肝体比较低的特征。

关键词: 黑缘尾九棘鲈, 珊瑚礁鱼类, 生物学, 南海

Abstract:

Based on the coral reef fishes of Cephalopholis spiloparaea (Serranidae: Cephalopholis), which were collected from the coral reef waters of the Nansha Islands and Xisha Islands in the South China Sea in September 2018 and May-June 2019, we studied the biological characteristics of C. spiloparaea, including population structure, gonad maturity composition, feeding intensity, fatness index, age, and growth. We compared the geographic variation of the biological characteristics between the two coral reef waters in the South China Sea. The results are as follows. 1) The ranges of the dominant body length were 96~125 mm and 96~115 mm, respectively, in the Nansha reef waters and Xisha reef waters. The distributions of body length and body weight both had significant differences between the two waters (P<0.01). 2) The allometric growth factors (b values) of the body length and body weight relationship from the Nansha reef waters and Xisha reef waters were 2.881 and 2.797, respectively. 3) The result of analysis of otolith samples (May-June 2019) suggests that the age range is 0.58~1.44 a. There were no significant differences in the distribution of age between the two reef waters (P>0.05). 4) The C. spiloparaea in the Nansha reef waters was relatively smaller in size and grew faster than that in the Xisha reef waters. 5) In addition, the gonadal maturation ratio of the Xisha reef waters was higher than that of the Nansha reef waters. 6) The feeding stages of C. spiloparaea from the two reef waters were dominated in Stage 1. Compared with the population of C. spiloparaea in the Xisha reef waters, these results demonstrate that the population in the Nansha reef waters had the characteristics of miniaturization, faster growth rate, and lower hepatopancreas index.

Key words: Cephalopholis spiloparaea, coral reef fish, biology, South China Sea

中图分类号:

P735.13

洪小帆, 陈作志, 江艳娥, 张俊, 王欢欢, 李媛洁, 李纲. 南海珊瑚礁海域黑缘尾九棘鲈生物学特征初步研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2021, 40(4): 50-62.

HONG Xiaofan, CHEN Zuozhi, JIANG Yane, ZHANG Jun, WANG Huanhuan, LI Yuanjie, LI Gang. Biological characteristics of Cephalopholis spiloparaea of reef waters in the South China Sea[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2021, 40(4): 50-62.

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海域	群体	体长范围/mm	平均体长/mm	优势体长组/mm	体质量范围/g	平均体质量/g	优势体质量范围/g
南沙	总体	70~134	105.5±10.5	96~125	9.30~58.89	32.03±10.49	20.01~50.00
	雌性	84~134	104.7±10.9	96~115	16.84~58.89	32.10±10.88	20.01~35.00
	雄性	83~128	108.9±10.3	96~125	15.21~54.32	35.22±9.28	20.01~50.00
西沙	总体	68~162	110.4±13.1	96~115	8.46~138.36	36.11±14.67	20.01~50.00
	雌性	80~152	109.3±12.7	96~115	13.08~101.87	34.35±13.62	20.01~50.00
	雄性	78~162	113.1±13.4	106~125	12.6~138.36	38.98±16.74	20.01~50.00

群体	南沙海域			西沙海域			总体
群体	a(×10^-5)	b	R²	a(×10^-5)	b	R²	a(×10^-5)	b	R²
雌性	5.436	2.851	0.9068	5.625	2.829	0.8892	6.892	2.789	0.8872
雄性	6.677	2.801	0.8732	9.031	2.735	0.882	8.673	2.744	0.8818
总群体	4.566	2.881	0.9108	6.685	2.797	0.8945	6.277	2.811	0.9009

拟合参数	L_∞/mm	t₀/a	k/a^-1	RSS	R²
南沙海域	185.24	-0.33	0.69	1128	0.68
西沙海域	195.44	-0.91	0.42	769	0.73
总体	174.78	-0.56	0.64	2074	0.69

南海珊瑚礁海域黑缘尾九棘鲈生物学特征初步研究

Biological characteristics of Cephalopholis spiloparaea of reef waters in the South China Sea

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年份	地区	岛礁	样本数目	采样方法
2018	南沙群岛	美济礁、永暑礁、渚碧礁	47	手钓
2018	西沙群岛	琛航岛	110	手钓
2019	南沙群岛	永暑礁、渚碧礁	61	手钓、地笼网
2019	西沙群岛	琛航岛、七连屿	144	手钓、地笼网

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