山东沿海三种海草根际真核生物群落结构及其影响因素

doi:10.11978/2025003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 海草床与红树林、珊瑚礁并称为地球上三大典型的近海海洋生态系统, 具有极高的生态服务功能, 被誉为“海洋之肺”。海草床具有较高的初级生产力水平, 在维持海洋生态系统的平衡与稳定方面发挥着核心作用。海草根际的真核生物对海草的生长发育至关重要, 在维持海草健康和生态系统碳、氮等营养元素循环过程中发挥重要作用。文章利用高通量测序技术分析了山东沿海地区中国川蔓草(Ruppia sinensis)、鳗草(Zostera marina)和日本鳗草(Zostera japonica)根际真核生物的多样性特征、群落结构及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明, 海草根际真核生物以藻类、后生动物和原生动物为主, 优势类群为绿藻门(Chlorophyta)和环节动物门(Annelida)。海草根际真核生物群落结构与根际沉积物的总碳含量、亚硝酸盐含量、铵盐含量和沉积物粒径大小显著相关。共现性网络分析揭示, 日本鳗草根际真核生物之间的互作关系更加复杂。

关键词: 中国川蔓草, 鳗草, 日本鳗草, 真核生物, 群落结构, 环境因子

Abstract:

Seagrass beds, mangroves, and coral reefs are known as the three typical offshore marine ecosystems on Earth. Seagrass beds, which possess extremely high ecological service functions, are hailed as the “lungs of the ocean”. Seagrasses have a relatively high level of primary productivity and play a core role in maintaining the balance and stability of the marine ecosystem. Rhizosphere eukaryotes are crucial for seagrass growth and development, playing a significant role in sustaining seagrass health and facilitating the cycling of nutrients such as carbon and nitrogen within the ecosystem. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to investigate the community structure and diversity of eukaryotes in the rhizosphere of Ruppia sinensis, Zostera marina, and Zostera japonica along the coastal areas of Shandong Province. The results showed that seagrass-associated eukaryotes were mainly composed of algae, metazoans, and protozoans, with Chlorophyta and Annelida being the dominant groups. The community structure of eukaryotes in the seagrass rhizosphere was significantly correlated with the total carbon content, nitrite content, ammonium content, and sediment particle size. Co-occurrence network analysis further revealed that the interactions among eukaryotes in Zostera japonica were more complex. This study elucidates the community structure and influencing factors of eukaryotes in the seagrass rhizosphere, laying a theoretical foundation for further exploration of nutrient cycling and energy flow in seagrass ecosystems.

Key words: Ruppia sinensis, Zostera marina, Zostera japonica, eukaryotes, community structure, environmental factors

中图分类号:

P735.121

于蓁, 郭祥瑞, 刘雪睿, 孙浩, 张燕英. 山东沿海三种海草根际真核生物群落结构及其影响因素[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(5): 86-96.

YU Zhen, GUO Xiangrui, LIU Xuerui, SUN Hao, ZHANG Yanying. Community structure of rhizosphere eukaryotic microorganisms and its influencing factors of three seagrass species along the coast of Shandong Province[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(5): 86-96.

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多样性指数	中国川蔓草	鳗草	日本鳗草	P
Ace指数	243.50±93.61	321.50±196.5	321.80±138.10	0.7351
Chao指数	235.10±92.07	319.90±191.90	316.90±138.30	0.7351
香农指数	2.92±0.8002	3.07±1.18	2.15±1.31	0.5950
辛普森指数	0.13±0.11	0.21±0.19	0.41±0.31	0.1988