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热带海洋学报

• • 上一篇    

印度洋海啸灾害事件及基于T波的海啸预警初探

张泽铭1, 周勇2*, 徐敏2，3, 赵明辉2，3, 谢谨谦4, 陈浩朋1, 张亚运2   

  1. 1. 广东工业大学土木与交通工程学院测绘遥感系，广东 广州 510006

    2. 热带海洋环境与岛礁生态全国重点实验室，中国科学院南海海洋研究所，广东 广州 510301

    3. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049

    4. 中国科学技术大学地球和空间科学学院，安徽 合肥 230026

  • 收稿日期:2025-06-25 修回日期:2025-08-30 接受日期:2025-08-31
  • 通讯作者: 周勇
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(42474071)、海南省自然科学基金联合项目(2021JJLH0054)、中国科学院国际伙伴计划项目(059GJHZ2023104MI)和中国科学院中国-斯里兰卡联合科教中心联合资助

Tsunami Disasters in the Indian Ocean and a Preliminary Exploration of T-Wave-Based Tsunami Early Warning

ZHANG Zeming¹, ZHOU Yong2*, XU Min2,3, ZHAO Minghui2,3, XIE Jinqian⁴, Chen Haopeng¹, Zhang Yayun²   

  1. 1. Department of Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China

    2. State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China

    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

    4. School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China

  • Received:2025-06-25 Revised:2025-08-30 Accepted:2025-08-31
  • Contact: ZHOU, Yong
  • Supported by:

    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42474071), the Joint Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province (2021JJLH0054), the International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (059GJHZ2023104MI), the China-Sri Lanka Joint Center for Education and Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

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摘要： 印度洋是全球受海啸威胁最严重的区域之一，历史上的多次海啸事件造成了重大的人员伤亡和经济损失。建设有效的海啸预警系统，对提升该区域的防灾减灾能力至关重要。本文首先回顾印度洋区域得历史海啸事件及其影响，并深入分析了三次典型事件，探讨了海啸生成与构造背景的关系。特别地，我们讨论了地震、海底滑波、火山活动三种主要的海啸生成机制，以及它们各自的特点和相互作用。此外，本文提出利用T波进行海啸预警的可能性，并评估了这种方法的可行性，为未来印度洋区域实施更高效的海啸预警提供了新的思路。本文研究将提升科学界对印度洋区域海啸灾害与海啸预警新方案的关注，服务于我国“一带一路”战略。

关键词: 海啸灾害, 生成机制, 海啸预警, T波, 印度洋

Abstract: The Indian Ocean is one of the most tsunami-prone regions in the world. Multiple historical tsunami events have resulted in significant loss of life and economic damage. Establishing effective tsunami early warning systems is crucial for enhancing disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities in this region. This paper begins by reviewing historical tsunami events in the Indian Ocean and their impacts, followed by an in-depth analysis of three typical cases to explore the relationship between tsunami generation and tectonic settings. Specifically, we discuss the three primary tsunami generation mechanisms—earthquakes, submarine landslides, and volcanic activities—and analyze their characteristics and potential interactions. Additionally, we propose the potential use of T-waves for tsunami monitoring and evaluate the feasibility of this method, providing new insights into more efficient tsunami early warning strategies for the Indian Ocean region. Our study aims to increase scientific attention on tsunami hazards and innovative early warning solutions in the Indian Ocean, contributing to China's "Belt and Road" initiative.

Key words: Tsunami hazards, Generation mechanisms, Tsunami early warning, T-waves, Indian Ocea