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热带海洋学报

• • 上一篇    

热带东南印度洋春季硅质放射虫残骸群的深度梯度变化

张兰兰1,李彤1, 2,程夏雯1, 2, Batagoda Gamage Dumudu Ojithma PERERA1, 2,向荣1   

  1. 1. 热带海洋环境与岛礁生态全国重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 511458;

    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

  • 收稿日期:2025-07-07 修回日期:2025-07-27 接受日期:2025-08-01
  • 通讯作者: 张兰兰
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(42176080、42476067) ; 国家科技部重点研发项目(2022-24); 中国科学院南海海洋研究所自主部署项目(SCSIO202201)

Depth gradient changes of dead polycystine radiolarians in the tropical Southeast Indian Ocean during spring

ZHANG Lanlan1, LI Tong1,2, CHENG Xiawen1,2, PERERA Batagoda Gamage Dumudu Ojitham1,2, XIANG Rong1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, China

    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
  • Received:2025-07-07 Revised:2025-07-27 Accepted:2025-08-01
  • Supported by:

     National Natural Science Foundation of China (42176080，42476067); National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022-24); Development found of South China Sea Institute of Oceanology of Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCSIO202201)

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摘要： 增强对海洋沉降颗粒物的重要组成部分——硅质放射虫残骸群深度梯度变化的观测研究，有助于理解深海硅循环过程和放射虫的古海洋环境指示意义。本项研究选择热带东南印度洋两个深海区，利用大型多联网对0~3000m水柱9个水层连续采集样本，基于虎红染色法与传统形态分析方法，首次系统揭示该海域硅质放射虫残骸群在不同水层的分布规律：垂向上，放射虫残骸群最丰富的层位出现在活体群最高丰度的同一层或下层，整个水柱垂直分布呈现出三层模式，其中浅层组为残骸累积层、中层组为稳定沉降层、深层组则为溶解损失层。泡沫虫属种在沉降过程中群落结构的稳定性较高，而罩笼虫则随着水深增加含量降低，尤其是在深层密度远低于泡沫虫，与活体补充数量以及属种沉降特性密切相关。区域上，放射虫残骸群密度除了与其生产力有关外，还受到区域水动力的影响，比如，南部站位100~2000 m残骸群的密度、物种数及多样性均高于赤道站位，与其活体放射虫生产力较高密切有关，但在2000~3000 m深层水中，南部站位放射虫密度却明显低于赤道站位，与深层水颗粒物侧向运移密切相关。本研究所获取的放射虫残骸群落数据将为估算热带东印度洋放射虫硅输出通量及其生物泵效应提供重要的观测数据和科学支撑。

关键词: 热带东南印度洋, 放射虫, 深海, 不同水深, 沉降变化

Abstract: Enhanced the observation and research on the vertical settling gradient variation of siliceous radiolarian remains, an important component of marine settling particles, is conducive to understanding the deep-sea silicon cycle process and the paleoceanographic environmental indication significance of radiolarians. This study selected two deep-sea regions in the tropical southeastern Indian Ocean. Utilizing a large multi-net system to conduct continuous stratified sampling of the 0~3000 m water column across nine layers, and based on the Rose Bengal staining method combined with traditional morphological analysis, it systematically reveals for the first time the settling patterns of siliceous radiolarian remains at different water depths in this region: Vertically, the layer with the highest abundance of radiolarian remains occurs either within the same layer or directly below the layer exhibiting the highest abundance of living radiolarians. The entire settling process consistently displays a three-layer differentiation pattern: the shallow layer group serves as the accumulation layer for remains, the middle layer group constitutes the stable settling layer, and the deep layer group functions as the dissolution loss layer. Spumellarian dominant species exhibit high stability and strong dissolution resistance during vertical settling, whereas nassellarian content decreases significantly with increasing water depth, especially in deep layers. Regionally, variations in radiolarian remains abundance are not only related to their productivity but also influenced by regional hydrodynamic environments. For instance, at southern stations, the density, species number, and diversity of remains within the 100~2000 m depth interval are significantly higher than at equatorial stations, closely corresponding to higher living radiolarian productivity. However, within the 2000–3000 m deep water layer, radiolarian density at southern stations is lower than at equatorial stations, potentially related to lateral transport by deep-water dynamics. Furthermore, the quantitative radiolarian remains data collected in this study will provide crucial observational data and scientific support for estimating radiolarian silicon export flux and its biological pump effect in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean.

Key words: Tropical Southeast Indian Ocean, Radiolaria, Deep Sea, Different depths, Settling changes