热带海洋学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 1-9.doi: 10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2012.03.001cstr: 32234.14.j.issn.1009-5470.2012.03.001

• 综述 •    下一篇

南海深地震探测的重要科学进程: 回顾和展望*

丘学林1, 赵明辉1, 徐辉龙1, 李家彪2, 阮爱国2, 郝天珧3, 游庆瑜3   

  1. 1.中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州510301;2. 国家海洋局海底科学重点实验室, 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 浙江 杭州 310012;3. 中国科学院油气资源研究重点实验室, 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 北京100029
  • 收稿日期:2011-10-24 修回日期:2011-12-13 出版日期:2012-09-11 发布日期:2012-09-11
  • 作者简介:丘学林(1964—), 男, 广东省梅县人, 研究员, 博士, 博导, 主要从事海洋地球物理与深部结构研究。 E-mail: xlqiu@scsio.ac.cn, Tel: 020-89023157
    * 感谢调查航次中的全体船员及科调队员, 正是由于大家的共同努力, 南海的OBS探测才能越走越远。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(91028002, U0933006, 41074066); 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB411701); 中国科学院创新项目(KZCX2-YW-Q05-04); 中国地质调查局项目(GZH200900504)

Important processes of deep seismic surveys in the South China Sea: Retrospection and expectation

QIU Xue-lin1, ZHAO Ming-hui1, XU Hui-long1, LI Jia-biao2, RUAN Ai-guo2, HAO Tian-yao3, YOU Qing-yu3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Submarine Geoscience, The Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2011-10-24 Revised:2011-12-13 Online:2012-09-11 Published:2012-09-11

摘要: 南海是西太平洋最大的边缘海之一, 研究其深部地壳的结构对深入认识南海共轭边缘的构造属性、深海盆形成演化历史、含油气盆地的形成机制均具有十分重要的科学意义。南海地壳结构的深地震探测从构造区域上可分为南海北部陆缘、南海南部陆缘、南海中部深海盆等几个海域, 在探测技术上经历了声纳浮标、双船扩展剖面(expanding spread profile, ESP)、海底地震仪(ocean bottom seismometer, OBS)探测 3个阶段。特别是近20年OBS探测蓬勃发展, 从南海北部、发展到南海南部、再到南海中部, 从二维直线探测到三维网格探测。这些探测和研究得到了宝贵的深部地壳结构信息, 为南海的形成演化理论提供了重要依据, 同时也推动了国产OBS的应用和人才队伍的培养。而最新完成的深海盆三维OBS探测标志了一个新的历史阶段, 具有非常深远的科学意义。

关键词: 南海, 深地震探测, 地壳结构, 大陆边缘, 深海盆

Abstract: The South China Sea (SCS) is one of the biggest marginal seas in western Pacific Ocean. Research on its deep crustal structures would improve our knowledge on tectonic attributes of the conjugate continental boundaries, the formation and evolution of the SCS, and formation mechanisms of oil- and gas-bearing sedimentary basins. The deep seismic survey areas can be divided geologically into northern continental margin, southern continental margin, and the central deep ocean basin. The deep seismic experiments of crustal studies have gone through three stages, namely, the sonobuoy, two-ship expanding spread profile (ESP), and ocean bottom seismometer (OBS). Especially in the past two decades, OBS surveys flourished from northern to southern SCS, then moved to the central SCS. The survey patterns developed from 2D straight lines to 3D grid lines. These surveys and studies have provided invaluable information on deep crustal structures and evidence for the formation and evolution theories of the SCS. They have also pushed applications of domestically-made OBS and training of our scientific teams. The 3D OBS surveys in the deep ocean basin just finished recently marks a new historical progress and will have profound scientific impact on future research.

Key words: the South China Sea, deep seismic survey, crustal structure, continental margin, deep ocean basin

中图分类号: 

  • P738.4