南海海滩岩微生物群落结构和特定菌株对其成因机制的启示*

doi:10.11978/2023142

热带海洋学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 112-122.doi: 10.11978/2023142CSTR: 32234.14.2023142

南海海滩岩微生物群落结构和特定菌株对其成因机制的启示*

刘玓玓¹^,²(), 张喜洋¹^,³(), 孙富林¹^,⁴, 王明壮¹^,⁵, 谭飞¹^,³, 施祺¹^,³, 王冠¹^,³, 杨红强¹^,³

1.中国科学院边缘海与大洋地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东广州 510301
2.海洋学院, 华南农业大学, 广东广州 510642
3.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州), 广东广州 511458
4.中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东广州 510301
5.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2023-10-07 修回日期:2023-10-23 出版日期:2024-07-10 发布日期:2024-07-22
作者简介:
刘玓玓(2001—), 女, 河南濮阳人, 本科生, 从事海洋生物学研究。email: didiliu2022@163.com
*感谢编辑部老师和三位审稿专家提出的宝贵建议
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3100603); 国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3102402); 国家自然科学基金项目(42306076); 国家自然科学基金项目(42376165); 海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2022SHFZ072)

Microbial communities and specific strains within beachrocks of the South China Sea: implications for the origin of beachrock*

LIU Didi¹^,²(), ZHANG Xiyang¹^,³(), SUN Fulin¹^,⁴, WANG Mingzhuang¹^,⁵, TAN Fei¹^,³, SHI Qi¹^,³, WANG Guan¹^,³, YANG Hongqiang¹^,³

1. Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
2. College of Marine Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
3. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
4. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
5. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2023-10-07 Revised:2023-10-23 Online:2024-07-10 Published:2024-07-22
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC3100603); National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3102402); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42306076); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42376165); Key Research and Development Program of Hainan Province(ZDYF2022SHFZ072)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

热带—亚热带潮间带沉积物中丰富的菌—藻类微生物及其复杂的生命活动对颗粒的早期胶结过程起重要作用。本文通过16S rRNA高通量基因测序方法分析西沙群岛石屿、全富岛及海南龙湾珊瑚礁滨岸带海滩岩表生微生物群落结构, 确定主导海滩岩快速胶结的共性菌株/微生物功能群。表层生长草皮海藻的全富岛海滩岩原核生物多样性最高。龙湾潮间带上部暴露时间较长的海滩岩比潮间带下部海滩岩原核生物多样性高。相对固结的石屿海滩岩原核生物多样性最低。4个取样点具有较为相似的细菌门类组成, 物种丰度由大到小依次为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota)和脱硫杆菌门(Desulfobacterota)。不同点位的海滩岩形成环境中蓝细菌主要种类大体相同, 其中眉藻(Calothrix sp.)是主导海滩岩早期胶结的共性钙化菌株, 通过分泌胞外聚合物成为碳酸盐矿物沉淀的“热点”。群落中检出的反硝化细菌和硫酸盐还原菌表明海滩岩内部氧化还原梯度较大, 表面下极浅处即存在缺氧微环境。微生物群落内强烈的光合作用、硫酸盐还原作用和反硝化作用不断提高微环境pH值, 有利碳酸盐矿物在粒间孔内的成核和生长并加速颗粒胶结。

关键词: 原核生物, 群落结构, 蓝细菌, 海滩岩, 南海

Abstract:

Abundant bacterial-algal microorganisms and their metabolisms play important roles in early cementation of beachrocks along intertidal-supratidal zones of tropical-subtropical shorelands. In this study, 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis was employed to reveal the compositions of prokaryotic microbial communities and identify the common strains/microbial functional groups that dominated the beachrocks’ cementation. The Quanfu turf algae-bearing beachrocks have the highest biodiversity. The diversity of Longwan beachrocks in upper intertidal zone is higher than that in lower intertidal zone. The prokaryotic biodiversity of consolidated Shiyu beachrocks is the lowest. The bacterial phylum in the four sampling localities was roughly similar, which includes Proteobacteria, Bacteroideta, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes and Desulfobacterota in descending order. The main cyanobacteria species were same. The common calcified cyanobacterial strain-Calothrix sp. was all detected, and the extracellular polymer substances could be the hotspots for precipitation of carbonate biomaterials. Denitrobacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria detected in microbial communities indicate the anaerobic environment and steep redox gradient below the superficial beachrocks. Strong photosynthesis, sulfate reduction and denitrification in particle surface and intergranular pore together significantly rise pH, and promote the nucleation and growth of carbonate biomaterials, accelerating the consolidation of loose beach sands.

Key words: prokaryote, community structure, cyanobacteria, beachrock, South China Sea

刘玓玓, 张喜洋, 孙富林, 王明壮, 谭飞, 施祺, 王冠, 杨红强. 南海海滩岩微生物群落结构和特定菌株对其成因机制的启示*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(4): 112-122.

LIU Didi, ZHANG Xiyang, SUN Fulin, WANG Mingzhuang, TAN Fei, SHI Qi, WANG Guan, YANG Hongqiang. Microbial communities and specific strains within beachrocks of the South China Sea: implications for the origin of beachrock*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(4): 112-122.

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南海海滩岩微生物群落结构和特定菌株对其成因机制的启示*

Microbial communities and specific strains within beachrocks of the South China Sea: implications for the origin of beachrock*

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