滨海酸性硫酸盐土壤湿地沉积物中还原性无机硫和活性铁的耦合特性及环境意义

doi:10.11978/2022236

Abstract

Abstract:

The parent materials of acidic sulfate soils in coastal areas are rich in reduced sulfides (reduced inorganic sulfur, RIS) and reactive iron, which jointly control the environmental geochemical behaviors of iron, sulfur and heavy metal elements. For purpose of revealing the coupling mechanism and environmental significance of RIS and reactive iron in coastal acid sulfate soils wetland, this study collected a sediment core with a depth of about 40 cm at the Qinjiang river estuary. The contents and distribution of acid volatile sulfur (AVS), chromium reducible sulfur (CRS), elemental sulfur (ES) and reactive iron (Fe(Ⅱ) and Fe(Ⅲ)) were investigated. The results show that Fe(Ⅲ) is the main reactive iron in the acid sulfate soil of Qinjiang river estuary, and Fe (Ⅱ) and Fe (Ⅲ) in active iron are easily interconverted in the environment. The lower the REDOX potential (Eh) and the higher the content of Organic Matter (OM), the more beneficial the reduction of Fe (Ⅲ) to Fe (Ⅱ). The reducing inorganic sulfur is mainly CRS, followed by AVS and a small amount of ES. In the diagenetic process, the reducing inorganic sulfur will convert to each other, and the process is mainly controlled by active iron and OM, but the limiting factors of reducing inorganic sulfur formation are the content and activity of organic matter. Higher organic matter and Fe (Ⅱ) are more likely to lead to enrichment of AVS, and higher Fe (Ⅲ) and Eh values are more conducive to the formation of ES.CRS is not only controlled by organic matter and active iron, but also affected by AVS conversion rate. The CRS/AVS ratio of most samples in the study area was low, indicating that AVS could not be effectively converted into CRS, and the activity and bioavailability of sulfide were high. Therefore, the introduction of exogenous organic matter and human disturbance should be minimized to avoid the release of H⁺ from reductive inorganic sulfur oxidation to form acid damage, resulting in the leaching of heavy metals adsorbed or co-precipitation on inorganic sulfur.

Key words: acid sulfate soil wetland, reducing inorganic sulfur, active iron, mineralization degree

CHEN Bo, QIN Zidong, WANG Feng, CAI Pingxiong, ZHANG Shengyin. Coupling characteristics of reduced inorganic sulfur and reactive iron in coastal acidic sulfate soil wetland and its environmental significance[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(5): 45-55.

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	FeTR	Fe(Ⅱ)	Fe(Ⅲ)	OM	Eh	AVS	CRS	ES	RIS	pH	含水率	Cl^-	SO₄^2-
FeTR	1
Fe(Ⅱ)	0.643*	1
Fe(Ⅲ)	0.545*	-0.215	1
OM	0.600*	0.832**	-0.097	1
Eh	0.630*	0.227	0.562*	0.442	1
AVS	0.444	0.730**	-0.233	0.716**	-0.05	1
CRS	-0.383	0.01	-0.372	0.111	-0.116	0.168	1
ES	0.271	-0.153	0.742**	-0.05	0.556*	-0.199	0.197	1
RIS	0.044	0.463	-0.328	0.587*	-0.006	0.684**	0.801**	0.093	1
pH	-0.521	-0.172	-0.499	-0.332	-0.948**	0.213	0.046	-0.563*	0.039	1
含水率	0.690**	0.069	0.771**	0.26	0.841**	-0.013	-0.255	0.629*	-0.118	-0.798**	1
Cl^-	0.012	-0.276	0.260	-0.299	0.468	-0.498	-0.128	0.31	-0.438	-0.44	0.298	1
SO₄^2-	-0.345	-0.664**	0.294	-0.766**	0.009	-0.797**	-0.118	0.288	-0.621*	-0.059	-0.015	0.775**	1

地点	CRS/AVS	DOP/%	DOS/%	数据来源
钦江河口	0.93~3.00	2.5~7.4	6.1~15.4	本研究
澳大利亚东海岸乔治湖	—	0.6~77.8	5.0~79.3	Schoepfer等(2014)
烟台夹河口	0.99~11.4	1~24	3~25	姜明等(2018)
黄海胶州湾	0.28~5.39	10~36	20~103	Zhu等(2012)
墨西哥湾	1.25~10.38	56~95	63~266	Morse等(2007)
黑海	—	80~95	40~80	Yücel等(2010)

Coupling characteristics of reduced inorganic sulfur and reactive iron in coastal acidic sulfate soil wetland and its environmental significance

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