粤东上升流区不同水层可培养细菌多样性

doi:10.11978/2023186

Abstract

Abstract:

Upwelling promotes material cycling and energy flow in offshore ecosystems through enhanced diffusion and unique environmental drivers, which directly affects the growth, reproduction, and distribution of organisms in the environment. In this environment there are a large number of uncultivated or difficult to cultivate microorganisms and new gene resources, which need to be cultured and explored in deeply. In this study, 27 seawater samples were collected from the surface, middle and bottom layers of the upwelling area in eastern Guangdong to explore the diversity and distribution patterns of bacteria and their correlation with the depth. A total of 1928 bacterial strains were isolated by pure culture method, and identified by 16S rRNA gene sequences. Results showed that these bacteria were distributed in 5 phyla, 9 classes, 32 orders, 54 families, 121 genera and 262 species. Among them, Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum, accounting for 46.9%. Actinomycetia was the dominant class, accounting for 44.8%. Microbacteriales was the dominant order, accounting for 21.2%. In general, the diversity of species from the mid-level seawater was significantly lower than that from the surface and bottom seawater environments, but the dominant populations obtained from the three levels were basically the same, and the most optimal group was Microbacteriales. The number of potential new bacteria isolated from different water layers was ranked as bottom layer> surface layer> middle layer. The rate of potential new bacteria isolated from different media was ranked as follows of 2216E medium> R2A medium> ISP2 medium> MSM medium> IMK medium. CCA (canonical correspondence analysis) showed that the environmental factors that significantly affected the changes of bacterial diversity were Chl (chlorophyll content), ASS (active silicate salts), AP (active phosphate), Amm (ammonia) and BOD (biochemical oxygen demand). In this study, we systematically investigated the diversity and distribution of culturable marine bacterial in the upwelling area of eastern Guangdong. These results showed the key microbial information and data for the further study on culturabble bacterial diversity in the offshore upwelling area, and also provided reference for the exploration and utilization of species and gene resources in the typical ocean environment.

Key words: East Guangdong upwelling, culturable bacterial diversity, different isolation medium, different water layers

CLC Number:

Q938.8

ZHANG Jing, LING Juan, SHI Songbiao, WEI Zhangliang, FAN Like. Diversity of culturable bacteria in different water layers in the upwelling area of eastern Guangdong[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(6): 80-91.

Figures/Tables 11

Tab. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Tab. 2

Environmental parameters of all seawater samples"

站点	采样层	环境参数
站点	采样层	DO/ (mg·L^-1)	Chl/ (μg·L^-1)	WT/℃	Sal/‰	SS/ (mg·L^-1)	Tur/ TU	pH	Tra / m	ASS /(mg·L^-1)	AP/ (mg·L^-1)	Sub/ (mg·L^-1)	Nit/ (mg·L^-1)	Amm/ (mg·L^-1)	COD/ (mg·L^-1)	BOD/ (mg·L^-1)
S01	表	6.083	0.569	23.8	30.4	5.60	7.57	7.91	1.7	1.07	0.049	0.024	0.043	0.138	1.048	0.494
S01	底	6.225	0.498	23.6	30.9	11.80	13.33	/	/	0.54	0.030	0.025	0.034	0.125	0.944	0.497
S02	表	6.744	1.802	23.4	31.2	10.55	4.56	7.99	2.1	0.39	0.031	0.013	0.054	0.052	0.942	0.250
S02	底	6.646	1.027	23.2	30.9	10.55	3.80	/	/	0.56	0.043	0.013	0.039	0.056	1.142	0.184
S03	表	6.992	0.774	23.1	31.2	10.70	5.81	8.02	1.2	0.63	0.008	0.027	0.003	0.027	0.852	0.644
S04	表	6.604	0.322	23.0	31.1	12.15	8.71	8.00	1.3	0.82	0.017	0.019	0.014	0.057	0.978	0.115
S04	底	6.706	0.409	23.0	30.8	13.60	12.71	/	/	0.65	0.008	0.021	0.037	0.051	0.703	0.395
S05	表	7.161	0.340	22.6	33.4	4.60	1.96	8.13	2.9	0.35	0.007	0.003	0.003	0.008	1.003	0.344
S05	底	6.898	0.607	22.6	33.5	5.53	4.57	/	/	0.37	0.008	0.003	0.003	0.030	1.098	0.151
S06	表	6.722	0.559	22.7	33.3	4.20	2.20	8.14	2	0.44	0.009	0.007	0.003	0.055	0.796	0.312
	中	6.630	0.605	22.7	33.3	8.65	7.32	/	/	0.40	0.010	0.007	0.003	0.043	0.828	0.268
	底	6.692	0.658	22.7	33.3	9.00	5.86	/	/	0.35	0.008	0.006	0.003	0.023	0.849	0.302
S07	表	6.761	0.153	23.0	34.0	0.60	3.07	8.11	10.2	0.18	0.007	0.003	0.003	0.022	0.479	0.013
	中	7.023	0.501	23.0	34.0	0.60	1.60	/	/	0.16	0.006	0.003	0.003	0.006	0.950	0.096
	底	6.813	0.600	23.0	34.0	0.95	1.13	/	/	0.12	0.008	0.003	0.003	0.047	0.496	0.029
S08	表	6.926	0.499	23.3	34.1	0.95	3.35	8.15	11.2	0.08	0.008	0.003	0.003	0.003	0.772	0.010
	中	6.893	0.414	23.3	34.1	1.15	2.24	/	/	0.11	0.006	0.003	0.003	0.007	0.584	0.108
	底	6.758	0.401	23.3	34.1	1.10	0.83	/	/	0.19	0.008	0.003	0.003	0.010	0.772	0.027
S09	表	8.898	5.786	23.3	32.5	2.45	2.84	8.28	3.4	0.23	0.006	0.003	0.003	0.007	1.297	0.829
S09	底	7.475	3.084	22.8	33.5	3.70	3.48	/	/	0.24	0.007	0.003	0.003	0.003	1.149	0.383
S10	表	7.946	5.661	23.9	28.3	5.40	4.44	8.17	3.1	0.26	0.007	0.018	0.063	0.028	1.057	1.384
S10	底	6.729	1.614	22.8	33.1	14.10	15.05	/	/	0.49	0.007	0.016	0.131	0.046	0.801	0.693
S11	表	7.557	0.466	23.5	33.4	4.40	0.82	8.14	5.2	0.23	0.005	0.003	0.003	0.007	0.853	0.835
	中	7.129	0.555	23.1	33.8	1.25	1.13	/	/	0.24	0.006	0.003	0.003	0.012	1.331	0.244
	底	6.911	0.766	23.2	33.5	2.95	4.99	/	/	0.23	0.006	0.003	0.003	0.008	0.752	0.113
S12	表	7.429	1.206	23.8	27.5	3.40	4.82	8.08	2.7	0.67	0.008	0.024	0.003	0.041	1.429	1.333
S12	底	7.412	0.914	22.9	33.3	6.45	7.69	/	/	0.71	0.008	0.015	0.008	0.063	0.916	1.196

Tab. 2

Fig. 8

Tab. 3

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调查站点	取样纬度	取样经度	测站水深/m	表层	中层	底层
S01	23˚33'17"N	117˚03'27"E	11	√		√
S02	23˚31'68"N	117˚03'55"E	8	√		√
S03	23˚28'40"N	116˚55'83"E	5	√
S04	23˚28'95"N	116˚59'46"E	14	√		√
S05	23˚29'01"N	117˚11'91"E	15	√		√
S06	23˚24'49"N	117˚09'32"E	29	√	√	√
S07	23˚23'26"N	117˚22'15"E	40	√	√	√
S08	23˚15'31"N	117˚18'35"E	39	√	√	√
S09	23˚18'39"N	117˚04'55"E	19	√		√
S10	23˚21'41"N	116˚50'58"E	8.5	√		√
S11	23˚11'27"N	116˚53'36"E	27	√	√	√
S12	23˚16'36"N	116˚47'94"E	9.2	√		√

环境因子	P
叶绿素含量(Chl)	0.026
水温(WT)	0.243
盐度(Sal)	0.068
活性硅酸盐(ASS)	0.011
活性磷酸盐(AP)	0.002
硝酸盐(Nit)	0.866
氨及部分氨基酸(Amm)	0.001
化学需氧量(COD)	0.150
生化需氧量(BOD)	0.001

Diversity of culturable bacteria in different water layers in the upwelling area of eastern Guangdong

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