北部湾万尾金滩对台风作用的动力地貌响应过程

doi:10.11978/2025186

Abstract

Abstract:

The rapid evolution of beach morphodynamics under the impact of extreme weather events causes beach erosion and shoreline retreat, seriously threatening coastal engineering structures and protection, as well as the sustainable development and utilization of beach tourism resources. Based on field measurements of profile elevation, surficial sediments, and offshore wave and tide data collected before and after typhoon “Prapiroon” (the fourth typhoon of 2024) at Wanwei Jintan Beach, Guangxi, this study investigates the beach morphodynamic process in response to typhoon forcing. The results indicate the following: (1) After the typhoon event, the sand dune-type profile (western sector) exhibited weak erosion (mean erosion height of 0.50 cm), while the flat-type profile (central sector) exhibited strong erosion (mean erosion height of 2.50 cm). The sand dune-type profile was characterized by erosion on the backshore dune and lower foreshore, and accretion on the upper and middle foreshore. The flat-type profile showed a continuous decrease in erosion height from the backshore to the middle foreshore, with a transition to accretion on the lower foreshore. In contrast, the sandbar-type profile in the eastern part of Jintan Beach demonstrated weak accretion (mean accretion height of 0.64 cm). Moreover, the sandbar-type profile presented an intermittent distribution pattern of erosion and accretion, which was marked by backshore erosion, upper foreshore accretion, middle foreshore erosion, and lower foreshore accretion. (2) The sand dune and ridge-trough systems were the beach geomorphic units where the surface sediments varied significantly in response to the typhoon impact. On eroded sand dunes, where strong reflectivity and sediment transport dynamics prevailed in their windward slopes, coarser bed loads were removed, resulting in finer surface sediments and worse sorting post-typhoon. In the trough of the sandbar topography, characterized by complex bidirectional currents and sediment transport dynamics, the typhoon-induced sedimentary response featured “erosion at the sandbar crest with increased bedload components, and trough accretion with increased saltation components”. In comparison, in the flat zone where the beach was highly dissipative and the sediment-carrying capacity of the flow remained relatively stable, the ratios of sediment components remained largely unchanged after the typhoon; (3) Large-scale backshore sand dunes and ridge-trough sandbar topography played a positive role in shaping the spatial erosion/accretion pattern along the beach profile and alleviating local beach erosion by dissipating wave energy and reducing current velocity. On the contrary, coastal engineering structures constructed on the backshore intensified the upper beach erosion during spring tides coupled with storm surges.

Key words: morphodynamic process, typhoon Prapiroon, beachface erosion/accretion, sandbars, surficial sediment, Wanwei Jintan Beach

CLC Number:

P736

LU Biyu, PANG Wenhong, XI Yangyang, QIN Xujian, YANG Min, WANG Tianji, GU Jinghua. The morphodynamic process of Wanwei Jintan Beach in the Beibu Gulf in response to typhoon impacts[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2026, 45(4): 203-216.

Figures/Tables 11

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剖面编号	剖面形态	CT01距离/位置	CT02距离/位置	CT03距离/位置	CT04距离/位置	CT05距离/位置
L1	沙丘型剖面	2.8m/	22.2m/	51.9m/	86.0m/	122.8m/
L1	沙丘型剖面	后滨	后滨	前滨上	前滨中	前滨下
L2	平坦型剖面	8.7m/	20.1m/	49.2m/	73.3m/	96.8m/
L2	平坦型剖面	后滨	后滨	前滨上	前滨中	前滨下
L3	沙坝型剖面	10.7m/	24.2m/	42.2m/	85.8m/	108.4m/
L3	沙坝型剖面	后滨	前滨上	前滨上	前滨中	前滨下

剖面形态	台风前		台风后
剖面形态	破波尺度参数ε	海滩地貌状态	破波尺度参数ε	海滩地貌状态
沙丘型剖面	219	耗散型	211	耗散型
平坦型剖面	324	耗散型	384	耗散型
沙坝型剖面	380	耗散型	400	耗散型

剖面形态	位置	单宽体积变化量S/m³	最大冲淤高度h₁/cm	平均冲淤高度h₂/cm	台风前坡度/%	台风后坡度/%
沙丘型剖面	后滨	−0.65	−48.55	−1.35	7.09*	6.19*
	前滨上	0.19	2.12	0.81	2.58	2.54
	前滨中	0.63	9.00	3.53	4.24	4.39
	前滨下	−0.93	9.36	−1.56	0.56	0.64
	整个剖面	−0.75		−0.50
平坦型剖面	后滨	-2.57	-16.38	−10.91	1.48	1.31
	前滨上	−1.46	-11.22	−5.39	2.37	2.28
	前滨中	−0.95	-7.52	−2.91	2.50	2.21
	前滨下	1.83	7.34	4.28	2.20	2.05
	整个剖面	-3.15		−2.50
沙坝型剖面	后滨	−1.60	−19.10	−13.77	4.88	5.57
	前滨上	1.15	28.00	2.27	1.27	0.98
	前滨中	−0.61	−3.65	−1.78	2.94	2.23
	前滨下	1.99	17.90	4.13	1.55	2.02
	整个剖面	0.93		0.64

The morphodynamic process of Wanwei Jintan Beach in the Beibu Gulf in response to typhoon impacts

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