Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Ultrastructure of spermatogenesis and spermatozoon of Megabalanus volcano
Received date: 2019-09-01
Request revised date: 2019-12-29
Online published: 2020-05-19
Supported by
Cooperative Project on production and education of University in Fujian Province(2018N5007)
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The ultrastructural characteristics of spermatogenesis and spermatozoon of the barnacle Megabalanus volcano were observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that its spermatogenesis included five developmental stages, i.e., spermatogonium, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocyte, spermatid, and mature spermatozoon. During spermatogenesis, a circular or oval nucleus extended along with an axial filament and bent in cytoplasm under the action of microtubules. The nucleus further elongated with longitudinal extension of a spermatid, and finally became filiform. Massive chromatin of nucleus underwent disintegration, fine granules, coarse granules, and eventually condensed into a high electron density homogenizer. The vesicles secreted by the Golgi complex coalesced to different sizes of precursors of accessory droplet, and finally fused into an accessory droplet of high electron density. Many small mitochondria fused to a slender one that was eventually positioned behind the nucleus. The spermatozoon (about 58.39 μm in length), which was divided into acrosome, neck, middle piece, and tail, was long filiform with an accessory droplet. The conical acrosome was located at the spermatozoon anterior, followed by a basal body. The neck was composed of a "9+2" type axial filament, and the filiform nucleus was parallel to the axial filament. The length of acrosome and neck was about 6.65 μm. The middle piece was about 42.95 μm in length. The spindle-shaped accessory droplet (about 9.33 μm long and 2.13 μm wide) was adjacent to the nucleus and axial filament, followed by a mass of glycogenosomes and a slender mitochondrion. The tail (about 8.79 μm in length) only had a typical "9+2" axial filament.
ZHOU Huan , LIN Gang , RAO Xiaozhen . Ultrastructure of spermatogenesis and spermatozoon of Megabalanus volcano[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2020 , 39(3) : 98 -105 . DOI: 10.11978/2019082
图1 刺巨藤壶精原细胞和精母细胞的超微结构a. 精原细胞; b. 正在分裂的精原细胞; c. 初级精母细胞; d. 正在分裂的初级精母细胞; e. 次级精母细胞; f. 正在分裂的次级精母细胞。CM: 质膜; Cp: 胞质; GC: 高尔基体; Ch: 染色质; Mi: 线粒体; N: 细胞核; Nu: 核仁; NE: 核膜 Fig. 1 Ultrastructure of spermatogonium and spermatocyte of Megabalanus volcano. (a) Spermatogonium; (b) splitting spermatogonium; (c) primary spermatocyte; (d) splitting primary spermatocyte; (e) secondary spermatocyte; (f) splitting secondary spermatocyte. CM: Cell membrane; Cp: cytoplasm; GC: Golgi complex; Ch: chromatin; Mi: mitochondrion; N: nucleus; Nu: nucleolus; NE: nuclear envelope |
图2 刺巨藤壶精细胞的超微结构a—d. 逐步发育的早期精细胞; e. 中期精细胞示伸长的细胞核; f. 中期精细胞示核膜周缘微管和伸长弯曲的细胞核; g. 中期精细胞示核膜周缘微管; h. 中期精细胞示高尔基体; i. 中期精细胞横切; j. 后期精细胞纵切; k. 后期精细胞纵切示一个线粒体; l. 后期精细胞横切。AD: 附属小滴; AF: 轴丝; GV: 高尔基体囊泡; Mi: 线粒体; Mt: 微管; N: 细胞核; PAD: 附属小滴前体 Fig. 2 Spermatid ultrastructure of Megabalanus volcano. (a-d) Developing early spermatid; e) mid-spermatid showing elongated nucleus; f) mid-spermatid showing perinuclear microtubules, elongated and curved nucleus; g) mid-spermatid showing perinuclear microtubules; h) mid-spermatid showing Golgi complex; i) cross section of mid-spermatid; j) longitudinal section of late spermatid; k) longitudinal section of late spermatid showing a single mitochondrion; l) cross section of late spermatid. AD: Accessory droplet; AF: axial filament; GV: Golgi vesicle; Mi: mitochondrion; Mt: microtubules; N: nucleus; PAD: precursor of accessory droplet |
图3 刺巨藤壶精子形态及超微结构a. 成熟精子; b. 顶体纵切; c. 顶体横切; d. 过基体纵切; e. 精子纵切; f. 过颈部横切; g. 过附属小滴纵切; h. 中段过线粒体纵切; i. 中段过糖原颗粒纵切; j. 中段过附属小滴横切; k. 中段过附属小滴末端横切; l. ①中段过糖原颗粒横切, ②中段过线粒体前端横切; m. 中段过线粒体横切; n. 尾部横切。Ac: 顶体; AD: 附属小滴; AF: 轴丝; BB: 基体; G: 糖原颗粒; Mi: 线粒体; N: 细胞核 Fig. 3 Spermatozoon morphology and ultrastructure of Megabalanus volcano. a) Whole spermatozoon; b) longitudinal section of acrosome; c) cross section of acrosome; d) longitudinal section of basal body; e) longitudinal section of sperm; f) cross section of neck; g) longitudinal section of accessory droplet; h) longitudinal section of mitochondrion in middle piece; i) longitudinal section of glycogenosome in middle piece; j) cross section of accessory droplet in middle piece; k) cross section of accessory droplet posterior in middle piece; l) ① Cross section of glycogenosome in middle piece; ② cross section of mitochondrion anterior in middle piece; m) cross section of mitochondrion in middle piece; n) cross section of tail. Ac: Acrosome; AD: accessory droplet; AF: axial filament; BB: basal body; G: glycogenosome; Mi: mitochondrion; N: nucleus |
表1 刺巨藤壶等6种藤壶精子附属小滴的比较Tab. 1 Comparison of the accessory droplet of the sperm in the barnacle Megabalanus volcano and other five species |
种类 | 长度/μm | 宽度/μm | 形状 | 内部结构 | 研究出处 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
刺巨藤壶( Megabalanus volcano) | 9.33 | 2.13 | 纺锤形 | 致密均匀 | 本文 |
红巨藤壶(M. rose) | 6.5 | 2.5 | 柠檬形 | 致密均匀 | Kubo et al, 1979 |
巨藤壶(M. ajax) | 6.5~7.5 | 2.26~2.3 | — | 致密均匀 | Healy et al, 1990 |
白脊管藤壶(Fistulobalanus albicostatus) | 5.0 | 0.8 | 香肠形 | 中央高密度、四周低密度 | Kubo et al, 1979 |
三角藤壶(Balanus trigonus) | 5.5 | 0.7 | 纺锤形 | 中央高密度、四周低密度 | Kubo et al, 1979 |
纹藤壶(Amphibalanus Amphitrite) | 17~20 | 0.7 | — | 多个囊状致密斑 | Healy et al, 1990 王艺磊 等, 1999 |
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