Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Spatial-temporal variation of suspended sediment in the Pearl River Estuary retrieved from GF-4 satellite data*
Received date: 2021-03-12
Revised date: 2021-04-20
Online published: 2021-04-20
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41876207)
Project from Government of Guangdong Province(2019BT02H594)
Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)(GML2019 ZD0302)
Lingdingyang of the Pearl River Estuary is one of the most important bays in China. The suspended sediment concentration (SSC) there is significantly affected by the tidal processes in the dry season, which makes it an ideal area for studying the influence of tides on SSC variation. The Gaofen-4 (GF-4) satellite is the first geosynchronous orbit satellite with ultra-high spatial and temporal resolution in China. The spatial resolution of visible light bands is 50 m, and the maximum temporal resolution can reach 20 s. It has unique advantages in studying the variation of SSC within one day. In this study, we retrieved the surface SSC of Lingdingyang from the GF-4 satellite L1A data and in-situ data in January 2020, and then analyzed the spatial distribution of SSC in different stages of a tidal cycle. The results showed that the SSC in Lingdingyang was higher nearshore than offshore, and higher in the west than in the east. At flood tide, there were four high SSC areas. The average SSC showed a decreasing trend, and the suspended sediment was transported to the bay. During the initial, middle and last stages of flood tide, the decreased SSC became gradually more significant. At ebb tide, there were seven high SSC areas. The average SSC showed an increasing trend, and the suspended sediment moved toward the sea. During the initial, middle and last stages of ebb tide, the SSC increased significantly first, and then slowed down; it finally showed a negative growth trend. The variation of SSC was jointly affected by sediment transport in the horizontal direction, resuspension process in the vertical direction, and topography.
CHEN Qiong , TANG Shilin , WU Jie . Spatial-temporal variation of suspended sediment in the Pearl River Estuary retrieved from GF-4 satellite data*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2022 , 41(2) : 65 -76 . DOI: 10.11978/2021034
表1 GF-4卫星有效载荷Tab. 1 Payload parameters of GF-4 |
参数名称 | 波段号 | 波段范围/μm | 空间分辨率/m | 幅宽/km | 重访时间/s |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
可见光近红外(VNIR) | 1 | 0.45~0.90 | 50 | 400 | 20 |
2 | 0.45~0.52 | 50 | |||
3 | 0.52~0.60 | 50 | |||
4 | 0.63~0.69 | 50 | |||
5 | 0.76~0.90 | 50 | |||
中波红外(MWIR) | 6 | 3.50~4.10 | 400 |
注: 表中数据均来自中国资源卫星应用中心 |
表2 2020年GF-4卫星绝对辐射定标系数和大气层外波段太阳辐照度Tab. 2 The values of Gain, offset and ESUN of GF-4 satellite in 2020 |
参数名称 | Panchromatic Band | Band 1 | Band 2 | Band 3 | Band 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
绝对定标系数增益值 | 0.1266 | 0.1858 | 0.2013 | 0.1580 | 0.1087 |
绝对定标系数偏移值 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
太阳辐照度/(W•m-2•μm-1) | 1609.798 | 1929.556 | 1839.332 | 1578.125 | 1104.766 |
注: 表中数据均来自中国资源卫星应用中心 |
图3 2021年2月21日珠江口伶仃洋涨潮时3景遥感影像反演的平均悬浮泥沙浓度(SSC)分布情况a. 高SSC区的分布范围。图中红色虚线方框代表SSC高值区的分布范围, 其中H1 (113°42′—113°47′E, 22°40′—22°45′N), H2 (113°54′—114°00′E, 22°24′—22°33′N), H3 (113°38′—113°42′E, 22°33′—22°37′N), H4 (113°33′E—113°40′E, 22°23′N—22°30′N); b. 珠江口伶仃洋东、西滩各高SCC区的平均SSC直方图。蓝色和红色虚线分别代表东滩和西滩的平均SSC Fig. 3 Spatial distribution of satellite-derived mean SSC during the flood tide in the Pearl River Estuary, showing the average SSC of three GF-4 images during 21st February 2021 |
图4 2020年12月28日珠江口伶仃洋落潮时3景遥感影像反演的平均悬浮泥沙质量浓度(SSC)分布情况a. 高SSC区的分布范围。图中红色虚线方框代表SSC高值区的分布范围, 其中H1 (113°42′—113°47′E, 22°40′—22°45′N), H2 (113°54′—114°00′E, 22°24′—22°33′N), H3 (113°38′—113°42′E, 22°33′—22°37′N), H4 (113°33′E—113°40′E, 22°23′N—22°30′N), H5 (113°39′—113°44′E, 22°30′—22°35′N), H6 (113°33′—113°41′E, 22°23′—22°30′N), H7 (113°35′—113°42′E, 22°15′—22°23′N); b. 珠江口伶仃洋东西滩各高SCC区的平均SSC直方图。蓝色和红色虚线分别代表东滩和西滩的平均SSC Fig. 4 Spatial distribution of satellite-derived mean SSC during the ebb tide in the Pearl River Estuary, showing the average SSC of three GF-4 images during 28th December 2020 |
*感谢广东海洋大学刘大召老师提供现场观测数据, 感谢中国资源卫星应用中心(
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