Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Residual antibiotics in the Nansha aquaculture area of Guangzhou
Received date: 2016-01-05
Request revised date: 2016-02-03
Online published: 2017-01-19
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51378488)
Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Projects (201510010031)
Copyright
The residual antibiotics have caused public concerns with the rapid development of aquaculture, due to their adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems and human health. A method named solid-phase extraction-rapid resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-RRLC-MS/MS) was used to determine the occurrence and bioaccumulation of 35 antibiotics (14 sulfonamides, 10 fluoroquinolones, 6 macrolides, 2 tetracyclines and 3 others) in environmental matrix and different tissues of fish in the Nansha aquaculture area of Guangzhou. Twelve antibiotics were detected in water, suspended particulates, sediments and feeds, with maximum concentrations of 60.76 µg·L-1 (Erythromycin-H2O), 1691 ng·g-1 (Monensin), 2.41 ng·g-1 (Enrofloxacin) and 74.96 ng·g-1 (Enrofloxacin), respectively. Eleven antibiotics were detected in fish plasma, livers and muscle, with maximum concentrations of 33.52 µg·L-1 (Erythromycin-H2O), 199 ng·g-1 (Norfloxacin) and 22.30 ng·g-1 (Norfloxacin), respectively. The values of bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) for the detected antibiotics in fish plasma, livers, and muscle were in the ranges of 147~336, 7~8891 and 8~16, respectively, indicating a different bioaccumulation capacity for different tissues. Human health risk assessment based on potential fish consumption indicated that residues of antibiotics in these aquatic products do not pose risks to consumers’ health. The current study is of great significance in ensuring the safety of aquatic products in Guangzhou, promoting the sustainable development of aquaculture and improving the regulation on residual antibiotics for environmental protection agencies.
Key words: aquaculture; antibiotics; fish tissues; bioaccumulation; health risk
HAO Qinwei , XU Xiangrong , CHEN Hui , LIU Shan , CHEN Jun , LIU Shuangshuang , YING Guangguo . Residual antibiotics in the Nansha aquaculture area of Guangzhou[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2017 , 36(1) : 106 -113 . DOI: 10.11978/2016001
Fig. 1 Distribution of sampling sites in the aquaculture area图1 水产养殖区采样点分布 |
Tab. 1 Residual antibiotics in non-biological samples from the aquaculture area表1 水产养殖区非生物样品中抗生素的残留量 |
化合物 | S1 | S2 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
水体残留量/ (ng·L-1) | 颗粒物残留量/(ng·g-1) | 沉积物残留量/(ng·g-1) | 饲料残留量/(ng·g-1) | 水体残留量/(ng·L-1) | 颗粒物残留量/(ng·g-1) | 沉积物残留量/(ng·g-1) | 饲料残留量/(ng·g-1) | |
脱水红霉素 | 60.76 | <0.26 | <0.26 | 5.22 | 17.25 | <0.26 | <0.26 | 43.68 |
北里霉素 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | 0.5 | N.D. | 2.57 | N.D. | N.D. |
诺氟沙星 | N.D. | 110 | 1.66 | 15.21 | N.D. | 94.39 | 1.71 | N.D. |
环丙沙星 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | 14.76 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
恩诺沙星 | N.D. | 92.24 | 2.41 | 74.96 | N.D. | 47.91 | N.D. | N.D. |
氧氟沙星 | N.D. | N.D. | 1.54 | 15.89 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
磺胺嘧啶 | 0.19 | 0.65 | 0.02 | 0.50 | 0.62 | 0.17 | N.D. | 0.11 |
甲氧苄啶 | 0.39 | N.D. | N.D. | 16.99 | 0.11 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
磺胺喹恶啉 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | 1.77 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
磺胺二甲嘧啶 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | 3.26 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
莫能菌素 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | 0.36 | 0.15 | 1691 | N.D. | 0.14 |
林可霉素 | N.D. | N.D. | <2.95 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
注: N.D.表示未检出 |
Tab. 2 Residual antibiotics in different tissues of fish from the aquaculture farm S1表2 S1水产养殖场鱼体组织中抗生素的残留特征 |
化合物 | 血液 | 肝脏 | 肌肉 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
检出率 | 均值(范围)/(µg·L-1) | 检出率 | 均值(范围)/(ng·g-1) | 检出率 | 均值(范围)/(ng·g-1) | |
脱水红霉素 | 100% | 11.02 (2.46~33.52) | 100% | <3.81 (0~3.81) | 100% | <0.78 (0~0.78) |
诺氟沙星 | 100% | 11.96 (9.20~24.58) | 77% | 31.79 (N.D.~199) | 100% | <3.77 (1.95~22.30) |
培氟沙星 | N.D. | N.D. | 15% | 0.25 (N.D. ~1.66) | ||
氟罗沙星 | N.D. | N.D. | 8% | 0.08 (N.D.~1.07) | ||
环丙沙星 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. | |||
恩诺沙星 | N.D. | N.D. | 92% | 2.19 (N.D.~3.13) | ||
氧氟沙星 | N.D. | N.D. | 54% | 0.72 (N.D.~1.40) | ||
磺胺嘧啶 | 100% | <0.36 (0.36~0.38) | 23% | <0.15 (N.D.~0.28) | 38% | <0.05 (N.D.~0.12) |
甲氧苄啶 | N.D. | N.D. | 8% | 0.02 (N.D.~0.22) | ||
莫能菌素 | N.D. | 46% | 1.70 (N.D.~8.20) | N.D. | ||
林可霉素 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
注: N.D.表示未检出 |
Tab. 3 Residual antibiotics in different tissues of fish from the aquaculture farm S2表3 S2水产养殖场鱼体组织中抗生素的残留特征 |
化合物 | 血液 | 肝脏 | 肌肉 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
检出率 | 均值(范围)/(µg·L-1) | 检出率 | 均值(范围)/ (ng·g-1) | 检出率 | 均值(范围)/(ng·g-1) | |
脱水红霉素 | 100% | 12.09 (9.17~19.95) | 100% | <3.81 (0~3.81) | 100% | <0.78 (0~0.78) |
诺氟沙星 | 100% | 8.81 (5.08~10.10) | 100% | 46.92 (1.91~163) | 100% | 2.59 (2.05~4.07) |
恩诺沙星 | N.D. | N.D. | 43% | 0.77 (N.D.~2.05) | ||
氧氟沙星 | N.D. | N.D. | 28% | 0.36 (N.D.~1.36) | ||
磺胺嘧啶 | 100% | <0.36 (0~0.36) | 14% | <0.09 (N.D.~0.64) | 71% | <0.09 (N.D.~0.12) |
莫能菌素 | N.D. | 43% | 4.00 (N.D.~10.93) | N.D. | ||
林可霉素 | N.D. | N.D. | N.D. |
注: N.D.表示未检出 |
Tab. 4 Summary of the BAF values for the selected antibiotics in different tissues of fish表4 鱼体不同组织中抗生素的BAF值 |
组织 | 化合物 | BAF |
---|---|---|
血液 | 脱水红霉素 | 324(40~974) |
磺胺嘧啶 | 154(0~1984) | |
肝脏 | 磺胺嘧啶 | 7(0~144) |
莫能菌素 | 9335(0~72900) | |
肌肉 | 磺胺嘧啶 | 17(0~156) |
甲氧苄啶 | 8(0~160) |
注: 数值表示为均值(范围) |
Tab. 5 Daily intakes and the parameters of acceptable daily intakes (ADIs)表5 抗生素的摄入量以及每日允许摄入量标准 |
化合物 | Cfish/(μg·kg-1) | 摄入量/(mg·kg-1·d-1) | ADI/(mg·kg-1 bw) | HQ | MRL/(μg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
磺胺嘧啶 | 0.12 | 8.9×10-9 | 0.02 (Australian Government et al, 2016) | 4.5×10-7 | 100 (中华人民共和国农业部, 2002) |
诺氟沙星 | 22.30 | 1.7×10-5 | 0.0114 (FAO/WHO, 2011) | 1.5×10-3 | 100 (JFCRF, 2016) |
氧氟沙星 | 1.40 | 1.0×10-6 | 0.0032 (FSCJ, 2007) | 3.2×10-4 | 50 (JFCRF, 2016) |
恩诺沙星 | 3.13 | 2.3×10-6 | 0.0006 (WHO, 1997) | 3.9×10-3 | 100 (中华人民共和国农业部, 2002) |
脱水红霉素 | 0.78 | 5.8×10-7 | 0.0007 (FAO/WHO, 2014) | 8.2×10-4 | 200 (中华人民共和国农业部, 2002) |
注: Cfish为肌肉中抗生素浓度取最大值 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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