检索
E-mail
RSS

作者投稿 主编审稿 专家审稿 远程编辑

热带海洋学报

• • 上一篇    

平陆运河出海口沙井岛潮间带大型底栖动物群落响应近自然修复的变化分析

谢亚军1, 戴志军1, 2, 陈俭清1, 3, 钟明涛1, 黄强1, 王日明1, 3   

  1. 1. 北部湾大学海洋学院, 广西 钦州 535011;

    2. 华东师范大学河口海岸全国重点实验室, 上海 200062;

    3. 平陆运河河口海湾生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站, 广西海洋环境灾害过程与生态保护技术重点实验室, 广西 钦州 535011.


  • 收稿日期:2025-10-22 修回日期:2026-01-19 接受日期:2026-01-19
  • 通讯作者: 陈俭清
  • 基金资助:

    广西海洋环境灾害过程与生态保护技术重点实验室开放课题(2023KA02); 国家自然科学重点基金(41930537)

Analysis of the changes of macrobenthic communities in the Shajing Island intertidal zone of Pinglu Canal estuary in response to near-natural restoration

XIE Yajun1, DAI Zhijun1, 2, CHEN Jianqing1, 3, ZHONG Mingtao1, HUANG Qiang1, WANG Riming1, 3   

  1. 1. College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China;

    2. National Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;

    3. Pinglu Canal and Beibu Gulf Coastal Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Disaster Processes and Ecological Protection Technology, Qinzhou 535011, China.

  • Received:2025-10-22 Revised:2026-01-19 Accepted:2026-01-19
  • Supported by:

    Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Disaster Processes and Ecological Protection Technology, Beibu Gulf University (No.2023KA02) and National Natural Science Key Foundation of China (NSFC) (41930537).

PDF (PC)

赞

摘要： 全球河口沙岛正面临高强度陆海动力作用的严峻影响，生态系统普遍出现脆弱、退化及丧失趋势，采取生态修复技术以恢复沙岛健康成为目前河口治理的主要目标之一。本文以建国以来最大的平陆运河出海口沙井岛西部退化岸段为研究区，基于实测断面开展区域潮间带大型底栖动物响应近自然的竹栅栏修复技术实施的变化分析，进而评估区域近自然修复技术的生态成效。结果表明沙井岛西部退化岸段修复前后的大型底栖动物均以节肢动物为主，占比分别为62.5%和66.67%；大型底栖动物相对重要性指数（IRI）由修复前均低于100，提升为修复后个别断面超过100；Simpson（D）多样性指数由修复前的0.51提升至修复后的0.92；Shannon-Wiener（Hʹ）多样性指数由修复前1.08提升至修复后1.55。Pielou（J）均匀度指数保持稳定。大型底栖动物的平均密度由修复前的41.6 ind·m-²提升至修复后的144ind·m-²，增长了约246%。大型底栖动物丰度/生物量比较曲线（ABC曲线）的W值由修复前的-0.03提升至修复后的-0.01；大型底栖动物污染指数（MPI）由修复前1.53提升至修复后为2.08。通过对修复前后各参数比较得出以下结论：修复前大型底栖动物群落结构简单、脆弱，修复后，群落摆脱了修复前没有主要种的状态，出现了代表的主要种群，标志着群落结构趋于稳定；修复前后生物多样性的显著提升，大型底栖动物的平均密度大幅度增强，但均匀度变化不显著；虽然修复后的大型底栖动物群落仍受到严重扰动，但是与修复前比较已有明显改善。本研究通过大型底栖动物调查结果证明竹栅栏近自然修复工程可有效提升栖息地稳定性，促进生物多样性的恢复。本研究为平陆运河出海口生境受损恢复提供科学支持。

关键词: 平陆运河, 河口, 近自然修复, 大型底栖动物

Abstract: The global estuarine sand islands are facing the severe impact of high-intensity land-sea dynamic action, and the ecosystem is generally fragile, degraded and lost. Taking ecological restoration technology to restore the health of sand islands has become one of the main objectives of estuary management. In this paper, the degraded coastal section of the western part of Shajing Island, the largest Pinglu Canal estuary since the founding of the People 's Republic of China, is taken as the research area. This study first analyzes changes in the intertidal macrobenthic community following the implementation of near-natural bamboo fence restoration, based on transect survey data. These findings are then used to evaluate the overall ecological impact of this restoration technology in the region. The results showed that the macrobenthos before and after the restoration of Shajing Island were mainly arthropods, accounting for 62.5% and 66.67 %, respectively. The index of relative importance (IRI) of macrobenthos has increased from below 100 before restoration to over 100 in some sections after restoration; The Simpson (D) diversity index increased from 0.51 before restoration to 0.92 after restoration, significantly; The Shannon Wiener (Hʹ) diversity index increased from 1.08 before restoration to 1.55 after restoration, significantly. The mean Pielou (J) uniformity index remains stable. The average density of macrobenthos increased from 41.6ind·m-² before restoration to 144 ind·m-² after restoration, an increase of approximately 246%. The W value of the abundance/biomass comparison curve (ABC curve) of macrobenthos increased from -0.03 before restoration to -0.01 after restoration; The pollution index (MPI) of macrobenthos increased from 1.53 before remediation to 2.08 after remediation. By comparing the parameters before and after restoration, the following conclusions were drawn: the community structure of macrobenthos before restoration was simple and fragile, lacking dominant species. After restoration, the community broke from the state of no dominant species before restoration, and a representative main population appeared, indicating that the community structure tended to stabilize; Significant improvement in biodiversity before and after restoration, with a significant increase in the average density of macrobenthos and no significant change in evenness; Although the restored community of macrobenthos is still severely disturbed, there has been a significant improvement compared to before the restoration. This study proves through the investigation of macrobenthos that the bamboo fence near nature restoration project can effectively improve habitat stability and promote the restoration of biodiversity. This study provides scientific support for the restoration of damaged habitats at the estuary of the Pinglu Canal.

Key words: Pinglu Canal, Estury, Near-natural restoration, macrobenthos