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热带海洋学报

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基于南沙美济深钻的南海南部新生代构造演化研究

黎刚 1, 徐维海 1, 罗云1, 刘建国 1, 赵建新2, 俸月星2, 程俊 1 ，孙珍 1, 向荣1, 徐敏1， 颜文 1, 3
  

  1. 1. 热带海洋环境与岛礁生态全国重点实验室, 边缘海与大洋地质实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301;

    2. 昆士兰大学地球与环境科学学院放射性同位素实验室 澳大利亚布里斯班 QLD4072

    3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;



  • 收稿日期:2025-11-29 修回日期:2026-02-05 接受日期:2026-03-18
  • 通讯作者: 黎刚
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2021-06); 国家自然科学基金(42176079、42376079、42406063); 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2025A1515012022、2025A1515010958); 中国科学院南海海洋研究所基础前沿与创新发展项目(SCSIO2023QY05)

The Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the southern South China Sea，stratigraphic evidence from one deep borehole on Meiji Island

LI Gang 1, XU Weihai 1, LUO Yun1, LIU Jianguo 1, ZHAO Jianxin2, FENG Yuexing2, CHENG Jun 1, SUN Zhen 1, XIANG Rong 1, XU Min 1, YAN Wen 1, 3   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China

    2 Radiogenic Isotope Facility, School of Earth Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia

    3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China



  • Received:2025-11-29 Revised:2026-02-05 Accepted:2026-03-18
  • Contact: Li, Gang
  • Supported by:

    National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021-06); National Natural Science Foundation of China (42176079, 42376079, 42406063); Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2025A1515012022, 2025A1515010958); the special fund of South China Sea Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (SCSIO2023QY05)

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摘要： 南海的新生代构造演化与东南亚岛弧的俯冲-碰撞过程密切相关。由于年龄约束不足，关于南沙地块与沙巴-巴拉望岛碰撞结束的时间存在诸多争议。2017年南沙群岛美济礁深钻南科1井穿透了新生代碳酸盐岩地层。高分辨率的锶同位素分析和碳酸盐岩激光原位U-Pb 年代测试为理清南海南部新生代构造演化提供了关键的年代学约束。在美济礁南科1井中部538米处发现了中中新世沉积间断面以及之下数百米厚的风化杂色沉积层。锶同位素年代和激光U-Pb 年代结果显示了该风化剥蚀面上下地层年代相差九百万年。基于区域地层对比推测南科1井中中新世沉积间断是由南沙地块中部的构造抬升引起的。南沙地块中部的抬升伴随着中中新世期间向巴拉望南缘之下的俯冲以及北婆罗洲的造山运动。南科1井中中新世沉积间断面的形成与南海南部中中新世活跃的挤压碰撞有关。美济礁在中中新世沉积间断之上的碳酸盐沉积代表了此次碰撞事件在南海南部的结束，其结束时代约在 11 Ma，晚于南海海盆停止扩展的时代（~15 Ma）。

关键词: 南海, 南科1井, 美济, 构造, 锶同位素

Abstract: The tectonic evolution of the South China Sea (SCS) is intricately linked to the subduction-collision systems of Southeast Asia. However, the termination of the collision between the Dangerous Grounds terrane and the Sabah-Palawan margin remains debated due to insufficient age constraints at the southern SCS margin. A deep well drilled on Meiji Atoll, penetrating Cenozoic carbonate strata in the central Dangerous Grounds, provides robust Sr-isotope and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages that critically constrain the Cenozoic evolution of the southern SCS. A middle-Miocene hiatus spanning nine million years is identified on Meiji Atoll, interpreted as primarily resulting from tectonic uplift in the central Dangerous Grounds. This uplift phase was synchronous with under-thrusting beneath the southern Palawan margin and orogenic uplift in northern Borneo, indicating an active mid-Miocene collision in the southern SCS. The resumption of carbonate deposition above the hiatus at ~11 Ma dates the end of this collision event, postdating the cessation of seafloor spreading in the SCS (~15 Ma).

Key words: South China Sea, NK1, Meiji, tectonic evolution, Sr-isotope