基于宏条形码技术的北部湾近岸海域无脊椎动物多样性的季节动态和群落构建

doi:10.11978/2025225

热带海洋学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 41-62.doi: 10.11978/2025225CSTR: 32234.14.2025225

基于宏条形码技术的北部湾近岸海域无脊椎动物多样性的季节动态和群落构建

李晓婷¹(), 甫佳¹, 邱梦涵¹, 吴宗奇¹, 李皓琛¹, 刘莹¹, 彭春艳¹, 唐建辉¹^,², 龚斌¹()

¹ 北部湾大学海洋学院, 广西海洋环境灾害过程与生态保护技术重点实验室, 平陆运河河口海湾生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站, 广西钦州 535011
² 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所, 海岸带环境过程与生态修复研究室, 山东烟台 264003

收稿日期:2025-09-01 修回日期:2025-09-25 出版日期:2026-07-10 发布日期:2026-07-31
通讯作者: 龚斌。email: gongbin@bbgu.edu.cn
作者简介:
李晓婷(2001—), 女, 广西壮族自治区防城港市人, 硕士研究生, 从事海洋微生物生态研究。email: lxt1941227248@foxmail.com
基金资助:
广西重点研发项目(GuikeAB24010146); 广西自然科学基金重点项目(2020GXNSFDA238015)

Seasonal dynamics and community assembly of invertebrate in the coastal waters of the Beibu Gulf based on metabarcoding technology

LI Xiaoting¹(), FU Jia¹, QIU Menghan¹, WU Zongqi¹, LI Haochen¹, LIU Ying¹, PENG Chunyan¹, TANG Jianhui¹^,², GONG Bin¹()

¹ Pinglu Canal and Beibu Gulf Coastal Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Disaster Processes and Ecological Protection Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
² Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China

Received:2025-09-01 Revised:2025-09-25 Online:2026-07-10 Published:2026-07-31
Contact: GONG Bin. email: gongbin@bbgu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Guangxi Key Research and Development Program(GuikeAB24010146); Key Project of Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2020GXNSFDA238015)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近岸海域无脊椎动物在维持海洋生态系统健康方面发挥着关键作用。然而, 阐明影响其多样性及群落构建的环境因素仍是一项颇具挑战性的课题。本研究采用18S rRNA 基因(V4区)高通量测序技术(high-throughput sequencing, HTS), 探究了环境变量对中国北部湾“三娘湾—大风江”区域无脊椎动物多样性、共现网络与群落构建过程的影响。研究结果表明, 无脊椎动物的α多样性、β多样性及共现网络存在显著的季节差异。无脊椎动物α多样性与环境因素呈现复杂关联, 其中对温度变化的适应可解释环境因素对α多样性的大部分影响。除12月外, 地理距离衰减效应对β多样性具有显著影响。在无脊椎动物群落构建过程中, 确定性过程的贡献在不同季节有所差异: 其他季节为3.3%~10%, 而12月则升高至35%。在 9月高温或 12月低温条件下, 无脊椎动物群落对海水理化性质变化的敏感性增强, 这一结果与偏最小二乘路径模型(partial least-squares path modeling, PLS-PM)分析结论一致。无脊椎动物群落对环境因素的响应存在差异, 这可能与不同季节优势浮游动物种类不同有关。无脊椎动物群落的季节变化, 可能主要受其对环境温度的适应能力影响, 进而不同季节呈现出独特的网络特征。本研究结果为理解构建北部湾海域无脊椎动物群落的环境特征与季节变化规律提供了参考依据。

关键词: 无脊椎动物, 18S rRNA宏条形码, 高通量测序技术, 温度, 确定性过程

Abstract:

Invertebrates in coastal regions play a major role in sustaining the health of marine ecosystems. However, understanding the environmental factors that influence the diversity and community assembly in marine ecosystems remains a challenge. This study utilized high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of the 18S rRNA gene (V4 region) to examine the impact of environmental variables on the diversity, co-occurrence networks, and assembly processes of invertebrates in a bay and estuarine area in Beibu Gulf, China. This study indicates that there are significant seasonal variations in alpha diversity, beta diversity, and co-occurrence networks. The alpha diversity of invertebrates demonstrated intricate associations with environmental factors, and the adaptation to varying temperatures can account for the majority of the impacts of environmental factors on alpha diversity. The geographic distance-decay had an impact on the beta diversity, with the exception of December. The deterministic processes were more pronounced in December (35%) compared to other seasons (3.3%-10%). At elevated temperatures in September or reduced temperatures in December, the invertebrate community exhibited increased susceptibility to fluctuations in seawater properties. This finding is consistent with the partial least-squares path modeling (PLS-PM) analysis. The varied responses of invertebrate assemblages to environmental factors may be attributed to the presence of different dominant invertebrates in different seasons. The seasonal variation in the invertebrate community may be primarily influenced by the invertebrate’s adaptation to ambient temperatures, leading to distinct network characteristics throughout different seasons. Collectively, these findings provide insights into the environmental characteristics and seasonal variability affecting the community assemblage of invertebrates in bays and estuaries.

Key words: invertebrates, 18S rRNA metabarcoding, high-throughput sequencing, temperature, deterministic processes

中图分类号:

P735

李晓婷, 甫佳, 邱梦涵, 吴宗奇, 李皓琛, 刘莹, 彭春艳, 唐建辉, 龚斌. 基于宏条形码技术的北部湾近岸海域无脊椎动物多样性的季节动态和群落构建[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2026, 45(4): 41-62.

LI Xiaoting, FU Jia, QIU Menghan, WU Zongqi, LI Haochen, LIU Ying, PENG Chunyan, TANG Jianhui, GONG Bin. Seasonal dynamics and community assembly of invertebrate in the coastal waters of the Beibu Gulf based on metabarcoding technology[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2026, 45(4): 41-62.

图/表 14

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months	alpha-diversity metric	pH	TN	TEMP	$\text{NO}_{3}^{-}$	Turbidity	DO	Chl-a	TOC
March	Shannon	0.44**	0.24	0.25*	0.0025	0.006	0.001	0.015	0.005
	Simpson	0.34*	0.35*	0.20	0.11	0.017	0.008	0.007	0.004
	Richness	0.23	0.002	0.22	0.26*	0.019	0.099	0.16	0.025
July	Shannon	0.11	0.28*	0.24	0.27*	0.50*	0.18	0.32*	0.23
	Simpson	0.051	0.26*	0.21	0.38*	0.47**	0.27*	0.28*	0.16
	Richness	0.093	0.32*	0.22	0.13	0.55***	0.041	0.26*	0.25*
September	Shannon	0.003	0.015	0.31*	0.035	0.081	0.0007	0.12	0.0009
September	Simpson	0.004	0.035	0.32*	0.057	0.10	0.0004	0.11	0.0056
December	Shannon	0.16	0.006	0.21	0.16	0.19	0.002	0.35*	0.11
December	Simpson	0.049	0.0011	0.094	0.091	0.21	0.001	0.40**	0.13

基于宏条形码技术的北部湾近岸海域无脊椎动物多样性的季节动态和群落构建

Seasonal dynamics and community assembly of invertebrate in the coastal waters of the Beibu Gulf based on metabarcoding technology

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