1900~2009年全球海表温度异常的时空变化特征分析

doi:10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2015.04.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA) monthly global Extended Reconstruction sea surface temperature (ERSST V3) data and using the Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function (REOF) method, the spatiotemporal variability of the dominant modes of the global sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) from 1900 to 2009 is studied. The results show that the first mode of global SSTA with significant interannual variability represents the variability of El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the relationship between ENSO and the global SSTA. The second and fifth modes show pronounced interdecadal variability in the North Pacific. The second mode may have a close spatial relationship with both the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Pacific Interdecadal Pathway (PIP), while the fifth mode may have a close temporal relationship with the PDO. The third and sixth modes represent multidecadal fluctuations in the North Atlantic; the former may have a close relationship with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) that is connected to the tripolar SSTA pattern of the North Atlantic, and the latter is associated with the uniform SSTA pattern of the North Atlantic. The fourth mode represents interdecadal variability with a large response in the South Pacific, poleward of 30°S, and this mode seems to have no relationship with the PDO.

Key words: the global, SSTA, the Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function, interannual and interdecadal time scales

LI Gang, LI Chong-yin, JIANG Xiao-hua, ZHANG Ying, LIU Kai, TAN Yan-ke, BAI Tao. Analysis of spatiotemporal variability of global sea surface temperature anomalies during 1900~2009[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2015, 34(4): 12-22.

References

1 李崇银, 穆明权. 1999. 厄尔尼诺的发生与赤道西太平洋次表层海温异常[J]. 大气科学, 23(5): 513-521.
2 李刚, 李崇银, 谭言科, 等. 2012. 北半球冬季南太平洋海表温度异常的主要模态及其与ENSO的关系[J]. 海洋学报, 34(2): 48-56.
3 李建, 周天军, 于如聪. 2007. 利用大气环流模式模拟北大西洋海温异常强迫响应[J]. 大气科学, 31(4): 561-570.
4 谭言科, 张人禾, 何金海, 等. 2004. 热带印度洋海温的年际变化与ENSO[J]. 气象学报, 62(6): 831-840.
5 王晓悦, 钱永甫. 2002. 近50年全球和三大洋海温距平的时空变化特征[J]. 南京气象学院学报, 25(6): 755-763.
6 魏凤英. 2007. 现代气候统计诊断与预测技术[M]. 北京: 气象出版社: 117-124.
7 咸鹏, 李崇银. 2003. 北太平洋海温变化的年代际模及其演变特征[J]. 大气科学, 27(5): 861-868.
8 晏红明, 李崇银. 2007. 赤道印度洋纬向海温梯度模及其气候影响[J]. 大气科学, 31(1): 64-76.
9 余贞寿, 孙照渤. 2004. 热带太平洋SST的多尺度时空特征分析[J]. 南京气象学院学报, 27(2): 193-199.
10 袁媛, 李崇银. 2009. 热带印度洋海温异常不同模态对南海夏季风爆发的可能影响[J]. 大气科学, 33(2): 325-336.
11 张锦婷, 刘秦玉, 武术. 2010. 全球百年海表面温度年际和年代际变化特征分析[J]. 海洋学报, 32(4): 24-31.
12 周天军. 2003. 全球海气耦合模式中热盐环流对大气强迫的响应[J]. 气象学报, 61(2): 164-179.
13 周天军, 于如聪, 郜永祺, 等. 2006. 北大西洋年际变率的海气耦合模式模拟Ⅰ: 局地海气相互作用[J]. 气象学报, 64(1): 1-17.
14 ÁLVAREZ-GARCÍA F, LATIF M, BIASTOCH A. 2008.On multidecadal and quasi-Decadal North Atlantic Variability[J]. J Climate, 21: 3433-3452.
15 AULT T R, COLE J E, EVANS M N, et al. 2009. Intensified decadal variability in tropical climate during the late 19th century[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 36: L08902. doi:10.1029/2008 GL036924.
16 BJERKNES. 1969. Atmospheric teleconnections from equatorial Pacific[J]. Mon Wea Rev, 97: 163-172.
17 CZAJA A, FRANKIGNOUL C. 2002. Observed impact of Atlantic SST anomalies on the North Atlantic Oscillation[J]. J Climate, 15: 606-623.
18 DESER C, BLACKMON M L. 1993. Surface climate variations over the North Atlantic Ocean during winter: 1900-1993[J]. J Climate, 6: 1743-1753.
19 DESER C, BLACKMON M L. 1995. On the relationship between Tropical and North Pacific sea surface temperature variations[J]. J Climate, 8: 1677-1680.
20 DESER C, ALEXANDER M A, XIE S P, et al. 2010. Sea surface temperature variability: Patterns and Mechanisms[J]. Annu Rev Mar Sci, 2: 115-143.
21 DOMMENGET D, LATIF M. 2002. A cautionary note on the interpretation of EOFs[J]. J Climate, 15: 216-225.
22 DONG L, ZHOU T J. 2014a. The formation of the recent cooling in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean and the associated climate impacts: A competition of global warming, IPO, and AMO[J]. J Geophys Res Atmos, 119: 11, 272-11, 287. doi:10.1002/2013JD021395.
23 DONG L, ZHOU T J. 2014b. The Indian Ocean sea surface temperature warming simulated by CMIP5 models during the 20th Century: Competing forcing roles of GHGs and anthropogenic aerosols[J]. J Climate, 27: 3348-3362.
24 DONG L, ZHOU T J, WU B. 2014c. Indian Ocean warming during 1958-2004 simulated by a climate system model and its mechanism[J]. ClimDyn, 42: 203-217.
25 ENFIELD D B, MESTAS-NUÑEZ A M, TRIMBLE P J. 2001. The Atlantic multidecadal oscillation and its relation to rainfall and river flows in the continental U.S.[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 28 (10): 2077-2080.
26 GARREAUD R D, BATTISTI D S. 1999. Interannual (ENSO) and Interdecadal (ENSO-like) Variability in the Southern Hemisphere Tropospheric Circulation[J]. J Climate, 12: 2113-2123.
27 GRAHAM N E. 1994. Decadal-scale climate variability in the tropical and North Pacific during the 1970s and 1980s: observations and model results[J]. ClimDyn, 10: 135-162.
28 HANNACHI A. 2007. Pattern hunting in climate: A new method for finding trends in gridded climate data[J]. Int J Climatol, 27: 1-15.
29 HOUGHTON R W, TOURRE Y M. 1992. Characteristics of lowfrequency sea surface temperature fluctuations in the tropical Atlantic[J]. J Climate, 5: 765-771.
30 KAWAMURA. 1994. A rotated EOF analysis of global sea surface temperature variability with interannual and interdecadal scales [J]. J Phys Oceanogr, 24: 707-715.
31 LATIF M, BARNET T P. 1996. Decadal climate variability over the North Pacific and North America: Dynamics and predictability[J]. J Climate, 9: 2407-2423.
32 LATIF M. 2006. On North Pacific multidecadal climate variability[J]. J Climate, 19: 2906-2915.
33 LI G, LI C Y, TAN Y K, et al. 2014. The interdecadal changes of the South Pacific Sea Surface Temperature in the mid-1990s and their connections with ENSO[J]. Adv Atmos Sci, 31: 66-84.
34 LI H M, DAI A G, ZHOU T J, et al. 2010. Responses of East Asian summer monsoon to historical SST and atmospheric forcing during 1950-2000[J]. ClimDyn, 34: 501-514. doi:10.1007/ s00382-008-0482-7.
35 LIAN T, CHEN D K. 2012. An evaluation of rotated EOF analysis and its Application to Tropical Pacific SST variability[J]. J Climate, 25: 5361-5373.
36 MACDONALD G M, CASE R A. 2005. Variations in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation over the past millennium[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 32: L08703.doi:10.1029/2005GL022478.
37 MANTUA N J, HARE S R, ZHANG Y, et al. 1997. A Pacific interdecadal climate oscillation with impacts on salmon production [J]. Bull Amer Meteor Soc, 78: 1069-1079.
38 MANTUA N J, HARE S R. 2002. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation[J]. J Oceanogr, 58: 35-44.
39 MESSIÉ M, CHAVEZ F. 2011. Global modes of sea surface temperature variability in relation to regional climate indices[J]. J Climate, 24: 4314-4331.
40 MESTAS-NUÑEZ A M, ENFIELD D B. 1999. Rotated global modes of non-ENSO sea surface temperature variability[J]. J Climate, 12: 2734-2746.
41 NAKAMURA H, LIN G, YAMAGATA T. 1997. Decadal climate variability in the North Pacific during recent decades[J]. Bull Amer Meteor Soc, 78: 2215-2225.
42 NNAMCHI H C, LI J P. 2011a. Influence of the South Atlantic Ocean dipole on West African summer precipitation[J]. J Climate, 24: 1184-1197.
43 NNAMCHI H C, LI J P, ANYADIKE R N C. 2011b. Does a dipole mode really exist in the South Atlantic Ocean?[J]. J Geophys Res, 116: D15104.doi:10.1029/2010JD015579.
44 NORTH G R, BELL T L, CAHALAN R F. 1982. Sampling errors in the estimation of Empirical orthogonal functions[J]. Mon Wea Rev, 110(7): 699-706.
45 ROWELL D P, ZWIERS F W. 1999. The global distribution of sources of atmospheric decadal variability and mechanisms over the tropical Pacific and southern North America[J]. ClimDyn, 15: 751-772.
46 SHAKUN J D, SHAMAN J. 2009. Tropical origins of North and South Pacific decadal variability[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 36, L19711.doi:10.1029/2009GL040313.
47 SMITH T M, REYNOLDS R W, PETERSON T C, et al. 2008. Improvements to NOAA’s historical merged land-ocean surface temperature analysis (1880-2006)[J]. J Climate, 21: 2283-2296.
48 SONG F F, ZHOU T J. 2014. Interannual variability of East Asian summer monsoon simulated by CMIP3 and CMIP5 AGCMs: Skill dependence on Indian ocean-western Pacific anticyclone teleconnection[J]. J Climate, 27: 1679-1697.
49 TASCHETTO A S, WAINER I. 2008. The impact of the subtropical South Atlantic SST on South American precipitation[J]. Ann Geophys, 26: 3457-3476.
50 TORRENCE C, COMPO G P. 1998. A Practical Guide to Wavelet Analysis[J]. Bull Amer Meteor Soc, 79(1): 61-78.
51 TRENBERTH K E. 1976. Spatial and temporal variations of the Southern Oscillation[J]. Quart J Roy Meteor Soc, 101: 55-74.
52 TRENBERTH K E, HURRELL J W. 1994. Decadal atmosphere- ocean variations in the Pacific[J]. ClimDyn, 9: 303-319.
53 VENEGAS S, MYSAK L, STRAUB D. 1996. Evidence for interannual and interdecadal climate variability in the South Atlantic[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 23: 2673-2676. doi:10.1029/ 96GL02373.
54 WANG B, LIU J, KIM H J, WEBSTER P J, et al. 2012. Recent change of the global monsoon precipitation (1979- 2008)[J]. ClimDyn, 39: 1123-1135. doi:10.1007/s00382-011- 1266-z.
55 WANG X, LI C Y, ZHOU W. 2007. Interdecadal mode and its propagating characteristics of SSTA in the South Pacific[J]. Meteorol Atmos Phys, 98:115-124.
56 XIE S P, CARTON J A. 2004. Tropical Atlantic variability: patterns, mechanisms, and impacts[G]. Earth Climate: The Ocean Atmosphere Interaction, Geophysical Monograph, 147: 121-142.
57 YASUNAKA S, HANAWA K. 2005. Regime shift in the global sea surface temperatures: Its relation to El Niño-Southern Oscillation events and dominant variation modes[J]. Int J Climatol, 25: 913-930.
58 ZHANG Y, WALLACE J M, BATTISTI D S. 1997. ENSO-like interdecadal variability: 1900-93[J]. J Climate, 10: 1004-1020.
59 ZHOU T J, WU B, WANG B. 2009. How well do atmospheric general circulation models capture the leading modes of the interannual variability of the Asian-Australian monsoon?[J]. J Climate, 22: 1159-1173. doi:10.1175/2008 JCLI2245.1.
60 ZHOU T J, ZOU L W. 2010. Understanding the predictability of East Asian summer monsoon from the reproduction of land-sea thermal contrast change in AMIP-type simulation[J]. J Climate, 23(22): 6009-6026.
61 ZHOU W, LI C Y, WANG X. 2007. Possible connection between Pacific Oceanic interdecadal pathway and east Asian winter monsoon[J]. Geophys Res Lett, 34: L01701. doi:10.1029/ 2006GL027809.

[1]	Wenjing XUE, Jinhua YU, Lin CHEN. Differences of sea surface temperature anomalies in the North Atlantic in springs of 1998 and 2016 and their causes [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2020, 39(3): 19-30.
[2]	Ke FANG,Jinhua YU. Influence of sea surface temperature gradients in the tropical Pacific and Indian oceans of the Northern Hemisphere on the frequency of tropical cyclone generation in the western North Pacific in summer [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2019, 38(5): 42-51.

Analysis of spatiotemporal variability of global sea surface temperature anomalies during 1900~2009

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Cited

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 2

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0