南海中西部渔场主要渔业生物碳氮稳定同位素特征

doi:10.11978/2018041

Abstract

Abstract:

The central western South China Sea is one of the main fishing grounds for fishery development. To understand the trophic relationships of major fishery organisms of the central western South China Sea, stable isotope techniques were used to analyze and determine carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of major fishery biological samples in the area. The trophic levels of the main fishery biota were calculated to construct a continuous trophic spectrum of the main fishery organisms in the area. These results show that the major fishery isotope ratios have a wide range of changes in the central western South China Sea. The δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of the fish ranged from -20.00‰ to -16.51‰ and from 7.94‰ to 11.81‰, respectively. The δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of the cephalopods ranged from -18.84‰ to -17.60‰ and from 10.10‰ to 12.85‰, respectively. The corresponding trophic levels of each species were calculated using zooplankton as the baseline organism. The trophic level of fish ranged from 2.41 to 3.53, and that of cephalopods ranged from 3.03 to 3.84. Among the organisms, the average trophic level of cephalopods is higher than that of fish. Comparison of trophic levels in different lengths (mantle length) of Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis, Thysanoteuthis rhombus, Decapterus russelli, Decapterus lajang, and Thunnus albacares reveals that the trophic level has a correspondingly increasing trend as body length increases. In this study, we preliminarily established the continuous trophic levels’ spectrum of major fishery bio-nutritional levels in the central and western waters of the central western South China Sea, providing a theoretical basis for the food web structure and fishery resource utilization in the area.

Key words: fishing ground of the central western South China Sea, carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, fishery organisms, trophic spectrum, trophic level

Jiaxing HUANG, Yuyan GONG, Shannan XU, Huanhuan WANG, Kui ZHANG, Jun ZHANG, Zuozhi CHEN. Characteristics of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes of major fishery organisms in the fishing ground of central western South China Sea[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2019, 38(1): 76-84.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1

Tab. 1

The length range, δ13C value, δ15N value, and trophic level (TL) of fishery organisms in the central western South China Sea"

	种类	体长范围/mm	δ¹³C	δ¹⁵N	TL	尾数
鱼类	脂眼凹肩鲹Selar crumenophthalmus	32.1~113.6	-17.44	7.94	2.40	3
	横带刺尾鱼Acanthurus triostegus	48.3~52.6	-17.50	8.28	2.49	2
	短尾大眼鲷Priacanthus macracanthus	72.4~78.3	-18.02	8.49	2.56	2
	黑带锉鳞鲀Rhinecanthus rectangulus	28.3	-18.35	8.73	2.63	1
	印度无齿鲳Ariomma indica	147.8	-18.07	8.78	2.64	1
	鲣Katsuwonus pelamis	243.3	-17.41	8.80	2.65	1
	带鳚Xiphasia setifer	378.6	-19.22	8.88	2.67	1
	玻璃玉鲳Psenes cyanophrys	144.6~158.7	-17.95	8.90	2.68	2
	直线若鲹Carangoides malabammus	162.3	-17.44	8.94	2.69	1
	少鳍方头鲳Cubiceps pauciradiatus	99~122	-17.74	8.94	2.69	7
	黄边副鳞鲀Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus	58.9~66.7	-18.04	8.95	2.69	2
	长体圆鲹Decapterus macrosoma	103.3~135.3	-18.02	8.98	2.70	7
	扁舵鲣Auxis thazard	184.6~236.7	-17.59	9.06	2.72	7
	细鳞圆鲹Decapterus lajang	257~300	-16.51	9.44	2.83	6
	画眉鰤Seriola rivoliana	232	-16.95	9.11	2.74	1
	鳞首方头鲳Cubiceps whiteleggii	133.3	-19.31	9.29	2.79	1
	尖头燕鳐Hirundichthys oxycephalus	132.7~203.9	-17.46	9.34	2.80	5
	六带鲹Caranx sexfasciatus	118.7	-18.10	9.35	2.81	1
	镊口鱼Forcipiger longirostris	41.3~54.7	-17.62	9.52	2.86	2
	斑鳍大眼鲷Priacanthus cruentatus	84.3	-17.61	9.56	2.87	1
	粗鳞灯笼鱼Myctophum asperum	57.2~68.7	-19.36	9.59	2.88	5
	鮪Euthnnus affinis	174.3~187.2	-17.36	9.61	2.89	6
	单角革鲀Aluterus monocero	337.6~368.4	-18.39	9.79	2.94	4
	光彩标灯鱼Symbolophorus evermanni	63.2~72.3	-18.17	9.87	2.96	4
	红鳍圆鲹Decapterus russelli	127.3~134.5	-18.67	10.22	3.06	3
	朴蝴蝶鱼Chaetodon modestus	58.4~59.6	-17.54	9.90	2.97	2
	圆舵鲣Auxis rochei	185.3~254.3	-17.43	9.95	2.98	12
	舟鰤Naucrates ductor	168.3~208.4	-18.76	9.99	3.00	6
	喀氏眶灯鱼Diaphus garmani	37.2	-19.92	10.05	3.01	1
	杜氏鰤Seriola dumerili	142.3~147.6	-18.28	10.11	3.03	2
	腹刺鲀Gastrophysus spadiceus	324.4	-17.96	10.26	3.08	1
	玉鲳Psenes pellucidus	44.3~7.2	-20.00	10.26	3.08	2
	斯氏长期乌鲂Taractichthys steindachneri	133.2	-19.25	10.28	3.08	1
	六带线纹鱼Grammistes sexlineatus	148.7~205.3	-18.72	10.31	3.09	4
	冠丝鳍鱼Zu cristatus	276.7~305.6	-19.54	10.40	3.12	2
	横带扁颌针鱼Ablennes hians	347.6	-18.07	10.68	3.20	1
	长鳍舵Kyphosus cinerascens	144.6~183.4	-17.65	10.88	3.26	5
	鲯鳅Coryphaena hippurus	337.3	-17.09	10.89	3.26	1
	符氏眶灯鱼Diaphus fragilis	74.3~78.1	-18.45	11.12	3.33	2
	?Echeneis naucrates	354.3~513.6	-17.72	11.15	3.34	4
	瓦氏眶灯鱼Diaphus watasei	96.3	-19.51	11.30	3.38	1
	异鳞蛇鲭Lepidocybium flavobrunneum	48.9~613.7	-17.91	11.30	3.38	3
	黄鳍金枪鱼Thunnus albacares	1420~1440	-17.86	11.54	3.45	2
	灿烂眶灯鱼Diaphus fulgens	58.3	-19.07	11.59	3.47	1
	菲氏眶灯鱼Diaphus phillipis	47.3~59.2	-18.53	11.61	3.47	3
	大鳞魣Sphyraena barracuda	684.7	-16.94	11.801	3.53	1
头足类	鸢乌贼Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis	164.3~213.3	-17.60	10.10	3.03	5
	菱鳍乌贼Thysanoteuthis rhombus	254.6~294.3	-18.84	10.05	3.01	5
	紫水孔蛸Tremoctopus gracilis	98.7~124.7	-18.48	12.33	3.69	4
	船蛸Argonauta argo	137.3	-17.94	12.85	3.84	1

Tab. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 3

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参数名称	简写	参数值
δ¹³C 值差	CR	3.49
δ¹⁵N 值差	NR	4.91
多边形面积	TA	9.48
质心均距	CD	1.2
最短均值	NND	1.69
最短标准差	SDNND	0.74

Characteristics of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes of major fishery organisms in the fishing ground of central western South China Sea

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种类	体长范围/mm	δ¹³C	δ¹⁵N	TL	尾数
鸢乌贼Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis	75.6~8.3	-17.63	9.35	2.81	5
菱鳍乌贼Thysanoteuthis rhombus	112.4~132.4	-18.08	9.5	2.85	5
	164.3~213.3	-17.6	10.09	3.03	5
	152.3~202.3	-18.91	10.31	3.09	2
	254.6~294.3	-18.84	10.05	3.01	5
红鳍圆鲹Decapterus russelli	103.3~116.7	-18.71	9.89	2.97	6
红鳍圆鲹Decapterus russelli	127.3~134.5	-18.67	10.22	3.06	3
细鳞圆鲹Decapterus lajang	144.3~224.8	-17.6	9.08	2.73	14
细鳞圆鲹Decapterus lajang	257~300	-16.51	9.44	2.83	6
黄鳍金枪鱼Thunnus albacares	143~149	-17.38	7.63	2.3	2
	162~167	-17.65	8.29	2.5	5
	265~281	-17.1	9.08	2.73	5
	1420~1440	-17.86	11.54	3.45	2

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