方格星虫对碳和氮稳定同位素的分馏: 养殖试验与滩涂调查

doi:10.11978/2025105

Abstract

Abstract:

Understanding the fractionation of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes by benthic fauna in relation to food sources is fundamental to applying stable isotope techniques in trophic ecology research. To determine the isotopic fractionation coefficients (Δ¹³C and Δ¹⁵N) of Sipunculus nudus for potential food sources in the tidal flats of Beihai, Guangxi, a controlled feeding experiment was conducted. The experiment measured the fractionation coefficients of S. nudus for mangrove leaves, Enteromorpha clathrata, Spartina alterniflora, and shrimp feed. Additionally, field sampling was used to calculate the fractionation coefficients for surface sediment organic matter. The results showed significant differences in Δ¹³C and Δ¹⁵N among the four potential food sources. Δ¹³C exhibited a strong positive correlation with the initial δ¹³C difference between S. nudus and the food source. Δ¹⁵N was negatively correlated with the food source’s C/N ratio. For surface sediments, the fractionation coefficients of S. nudus ranged from 4.11‰ to 5.54‰ for Δ¹³C and 6.13‰ to 8.97‰ for Δ¹⁵N, both exceeding commonly referenced values. The δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, and C/N ratios of the four potential food sources differed significantly from those of tidal flat sediments, suggesting that mangrove and S. alterniflora detritus are not the primary direct sources of organic carbon and nitrogen in the adjacent tidal flats. Instead, E. clathrata and discharges from nearby shrimp ponds may contribute more directly to sedimentary organic matter. These findings provide critical insights into the trophic ecology of S. nudus and its role in the biogeochemical cycling of coastal ecosystems.

Key words: Sipunculus nudus, stable isotope, fractionation, feed, sediment

CLC Number:

S963.214

MENG Yaowen, JIANG Yan, LIU Xujia, CAI Dejian, ZHONG Shengping, PENG Yinhui, CAI Xiaohui, LU Jie, HUANG Guoqiang. Fractionation of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in Sipunculus nudus: insights from aquaculture experiments and intertidal surveys[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2026, 45(3): 143-152.

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饵料种类	δ¹³C / ‰	C / %	δ¹⁵N / ‰	N / %	C/N
红树叶	-28.36±0.33^a	46.91±1.63^c	8.99±0.26^b	1.04 ± 0.11^a	45.11 ± 1.39^c
互花米草	-13.89±0.19^c	41.31±1.81^c	9.38±0.23^b	0.99 ± 0.09^a	41.73 ± 1.71^c
条浒苔	-15.62±0.21^c	29.28±0.95^b	10.84 ± 0.41^b	3.54 ± 0.17^b	8.27 ± 0.77^b
对虾饲料	-24.29±0.41^b	42.97±1.52^c	5.30 ± 0.18^a	7.20 ± 1.26^c	5.97 ± 0.46^b
初始方格星虫	-14.25±0.25^c	25.63±0.58^a	6.12±0.21^a	4.84±0.19^bc	5.30 ± 0.28^a

饵料种类	δ¹³C / ‰	C / %	δ¹⁵N / ‰	N / %
红树叶	-16.13±0.48^a	24.40±0.65^a	8.95±0.44^b	7.26±0.20^a
互花米草	-13.53±0.18^b	25.61±0.89^a	8.80±0.26^b	7.73±0.26^a
条浒苔	-14.07±0.24^b	23.30±1.43^a	12.03±0.27^c	7.12±0.44^a
对虾饲料	-14.09±0.09^b	32.66±1.72^b	6.78±0.70^a	10.26±0.57^b

饵料	Δδ¹³C	Δδ¹⁵N	δ¹³C_f- δ¹³C_i	δ¹³C_i- δ¹³C_d	δ¹⁵N_f- δ¹⁵N_i	δ¹⁵N_i- δ¹⁵N_d
红树叶	12.22±0.49^d	-0.04±0.44^a	1.88±1.07^b	14.11±1.36^c	2.83±0.96^b	-2.87±0.23^b
互花米草	0.36±0.18^a	-0.58±0.26^ab	0.71±0.40^ab	-0.36±0.17^a	2.67±0.58^b	-3.26±0.15^b
条浒苔	1.55±0.24^b	1.19±0.27^b	0.18±0.54^a	1.37±0.28^b	5.91±0.61^c	-4.72±0.24^c
对虾饲料	10.20±0.09^c	1.48±0.70^b	0.25±0.30^a	10.04±2.13^c	0.72±1.41^a	0.82±0.11^a

		δ¹³C/‰	C/%	δ¹⁵N/‰	N/%	C/N	δ¹³C_f- δ¹³C_i	δ¹³C_i- δ¹³C_d	δ¹⁵N_f- δ¹⁵N_i	δ¹⁵N_i- δ¹⁵N_d
Δδ¹³C	R	-0.994^**	0.700	-0.609	0.272	0.067	0.544	0.994^**	-0.563	0.609
Δδ¹³C	P	-0.006	0.300	0.391	0.728	0.933	0.456	0.006	0.437	0.391
Δδ¹⁵N	R	-0.159	-0.431	-0.395	0.894	-0.955^*	-0.626	0.159	0.035	0.395
Δδ¹⁵N	P	0.841	0.569	0.605	0.106	0.045	0.374	0.841	0.965	0.605

地点	δ¹³C/‰	C含量/%	δ¹⁵N/‰	N含量/%
山口镇英罗村	-10.70±0.14^a	45.01±0.66^a	12.50±0.15^c	13.30±0.31^a
兴港镇北暮盐场	-11.68±0.12^b	45.15±0.30^a	12.28±0.12^c	13.42±0.17^a
营盘镇青山头村	-10.83±0.15^a	45.54±0.28^a	9.36±0.38^a	13.02±0.31^a
福成镇竹林盐场	-10.69±0.13^a	42.89±2.64^a	10.40±0.17^b	13.54±0.21^a
银滩镇大冠沙	-11.09±0.11^a	45.10±0.25^a	10.53±0.29^b	12.93±0.24^a

Fractionation of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in Sipunculus nudus: insights from aquaculture experiments and intertidal surveys

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地点	δ¹³C/‰	C含量/%	δ¹⁵N/‰	N含量/%	C/N
山口镇英罗村	-16.23±0.24^a	0.117±0.008^a	3.88±0.26^a	0.035±0.002^a	3.34±0.36^ab
兴港镇北暮盐场	-15.98±0.29^a	0.110±0.006^a	3.31±0.24^a	0.043±0.003^a	2.56±0.29^a
营盘镇青山头村	-15.11±0.43^a	0.149±0.008^a	3.15±0.18^a	0.040±0.003^a	3.73±0.43^b
福成镇竹林盐场	-15.19±0.44^a	0.170±0.024^a	3.62±0.24^a	0.047±0.005^a	3.62±0.27^b
银滩镇大冠沙	-15.42±0.17^a	0.129±0.020^a	3.37±0.32^a	0.036±0.004^a	3.58±0.24^ab

地点	Δδ¹³C	Δδ¹⁵N	δ¹³C_f- δ¹³C_i	δ¹³C_i- δ¹³C_s	δ¹⁵N_f- δ¹⁵N_i	δ¹⁵N_i- δ¹⁵N_s
山口镇英罗村	5.54±0.34^a	8.62±0.32^b	3.55±0.22^b	1.98±0.09^b	6.38±0.41^c	2.24±0.15^a
兴港镇北暮盐场	4.30±0.31^a	8.97±0.24^b	2.57±0.19^a	1.73±0.11^b	6.16±0.32^c	2.81±0.19^a
营盘镇青山头村	4.36±0.49^a	6.13±0.35^a	3.42±0.21^b	0.86±0.08^a	3.24±0.36^a	2.97±0.23^a
福成镇竹林盐场	4.65±0.23^a	7.04±0.33^a	3.56±0.34^b	0.94±0.07^a	4.28±0.18^b	2.50±0.14^a
银滩镇大冠沙	4.11±0.43^a	6.90±0.27^a	3.16±0.16^ab	1.17±0.09^a	4.41±0.23^b	2.75±0.17^a

		δ¹³C/‰	C含量/%	δ¹⁵N/‰	N含量/%	C/N	δ¹³C_f- δ¹³C_i	δ¹³C_i- δ¹³C_s	δ¹⁵N_f- δ¹⁵N_i	δ¹⁵N_i- δ¹⁵N_s
Δδ¹³C	R	-0.593	-0.146	0.876	-0.293	0.035	0.540	0.593	0.537	-0.876
Δδ¹³C	P	0.292	0.815	0.051	0.633	0.955	0.347	0.292	0.351	0.051
Δδ¹⁵N	R	-0.932^*	-0.746	0.471	-0.085	-0.856	-0.492	0.932^*	0.983^**	-0.471
Δδ¹⁵N	P	0.021	0.148	0.423	0.892	0.064	0.400	0.021	0.003	0.423

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