Tab. 1

Bacterial strains and plasmids used in this study"

Tab. 2

Primers used in this study"

Fig. 1

Marine Pseudoalteromonas sp. SCSIO 11900 is cephalotricha. (a) Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) images of SCSIO 11900 flagella; (b) structure model of SCSIO 11900 flagella."

Fig. 2

Effects of flagella genes deletion on motility of SCSIO 11900. (a) SCSIO 11900 motile on high salt LB medium other than low salt LB medium; (b) Deletion flagella genes fliF and flgK resulted in the loss of motility of SCSIO 11900 cells; (c) Polar flagella mutant inhibits motility of SCSIO 11900. Wild type SCSIO 11900 and flagella destroyed mutant strains grew in LB medium containing 25‰ NaCl for 24h"

Fig. 3

Loss of flagella affects the growth and biofilm formation of SCSIO 11900. Wild type (WT) SCSIO 11900 and flagella destroyed mutant strains grew in LB medium containing 25‰ NaCl for 7h. (a) The biofilm attached on the inner surface of 96 well plate was stained with 0.1% crystal violet and absorbance was determined at 540 nm; (b) determined absorbance at 620 nm and (c) colony forming units (CFU); (d) The biofilm determined in a was normalized by growth in (b). Statistical analysis was performed using student t-test, and all mutant strains were compared to WT. P< 0.05 was shown with one asterisk and P< 0.01was shown with two asterisks"

Fig. 4

Polar flagella mutant affects motility and biofilm formation of SM9913. (a) Wild type SM9913 and flagella destroyed mutant strains grew in LB medium containing 3‰ agar and 25‰ NaCl for 24h; (b) Wild type SM9913 and flagella destroyed mutant strains grew in LB medium containing 25‰ NaCl in 96-well plate for 24h. The biofilm attached on the inner surface of each well was stained with 0.1% crystal violet and absorbance was determined at 540 nm; (c) Growth was determined as absorbance at 620 nm; (d) The biofilm determined in b was normalized by growth in c (OD540/OD620). Statistical analysis was performed using student t-test, and all mutant strains were compared to WT. P< 0.05 was shown with one asterisk and P< 0.01was shown with two asterisks"

Fig. 5

Loss of lateral flagella inhibits motility of SM9913, but has no effect on biofilm formation. (a)Wild type SM9913 and flagella destroyed mutant strains grew in LB medium containing 25‰ NaCl for 24h; (b) The biofilm attached on the inner surface of 96-well plate was stained with 0.1% crystal violet and normalized by growth"

Tab. 3

Polar flagella exit in P. sp. isolated from different marine environments, and lateral flagella exit in partial strains"