西菲律宾海乌尔达内塔洋底高原火山岩地球化学和地幔源区特征

doi:10.11978/2023137

Abstract

Abstract:

Since the Eocene, the West Philippine Sea Plate has undergone complex geological evolution, accompanied by a large amount of magmatism during the basin formation process, forming a large number of intraplate volcanic rocks. The intraplate volcanic rocks mainly occur in the ocean floor plateau, and the interrelationships between these intraplate volcanic rocks have always been a focus of research attention. Among them, the Benham Rise and the Urdaneta Plateau are good entry points for studying the interrelationships between volcanic rocks within the ocean floor plateaus in the West Philippine Basin due to their unique tectonic positions. This study conducted electron probe mineral analysis on 10 volcanic rock samples obtained from the Urdaneta Plateau, including major, trace, and isotopic analyses of the whole rock. The analysis results indicate that all the volcanic rocks in the Urdaneta Plateau we obtained are alkaline basalts, and their mantle normalized trace element patterns exhibit typical oceanic island basalt characteristics; They have high (Sm/Yb)_Nvalues (1.89~3.92), indicating the possible presence of garnet in the source area. Based on the volcanic rock data obtained from previous studies on the seafloor of the West Philippine Basin, we found that the Sr-Nd-Hf isotope composition range of alkaline island basalts and tholeiitic island basalts in the West Philippine Basin is almost the same, but there is a significant difference in lead isotope composition, with a larger range of lead isotope ratios for alkaline island basalts. These alkaline basalts from the Urdaneta Plateau have Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic compositions similar to those of the Benham Rise tholeiitic basalts, but have significantly lower ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb isotopic compositions. The formation environment of the West Philippine Basin is complex, and the formation of intraplate volcanic rocks may be influenced by basin expansion and mantle plumes. We simulated the impact of the interaction between mantle plumes and expansion centers on intraplate alkaline basalts based on isotope values. The simulation results show that ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb values cannot be achieved by mixing enriched components related to mantle plumes with depleted components related to basin expansion, this indicates that the alkaline volcanic rocks in the Urdaneta Plateau have a relatively independent mantle source area, which was formed far from the spreading center and not affected by the spreading process. The formation of alkaline basalts in the Urdaneta Plateau occurred 1~2 Ma later than tholeiitic basalts, and the degree of partial melting was lower. The tholeiitic and alkaline basalts in the Urdaneta Plateau may correspond to the main and late stages of magmatic activity, respectively. Therefore, we believe that the main stages of magmatic activity in the Urdaneta Plateau and the Benham Rise may have the same mantle source region, and the two plateaus are influenced by the same mantle plume; in the late stage of magmatic activity on the Urdaneta Plateau, there is a relatively independent source area.

Key words: West Philippine Basin, Urdaneta Plateau, alkaline basalt, isotopes, mantle source

CHEN Xin, ZHANG Guoliang. Geochemistry and mantle source characteristics of volcanic rocks in the Urdaneta Plateau of the West Philippine Sea[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(4): 42-56.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Whole-rock trace element compositions of Urdaneta Plateau S1-T Volcanic rocks in ppm"

元素	高磷组微量元素含量/ppm					低磷组微量元素含量/ppm
元素	S1-T-1B	S1-T-1C	S1-T-1F	S1-T-2C	S1-T-5	S1-T-2A	S1-T-2E	S1-T-2F	S1-T-3	S1-T-6
Sc	33.9	31.7	24.9	30.8	10.9	31.2	32.9	32.5	33.8	32.7
V	97.3	141	104	217	57.3	18.8	36.6	23.1	17.5	25.2
Cr	18.4	22.8	7.58	24.2	27.1	120	32.2	40.4	81	79.7
Ni	16.4	20	12.4	17.8	38.4	57.6	28.9	24.1	37.9	51
Cu	48.2	39.5	49.6	46.7	48.7	47	114	61.2	45.6	79.1
Zn	139	237	180	163	105	216	275	234	233	229
Ga	20.6	25.2	20.7	23.9	27	24.6	20.1	23.4	25.3	22.6
Rb	29.5	18.7	20	31.4	45.9	47.4	53.5	43.4	27.9	44.9
Sr	746	616	771	420	679	413	366	425	459	405
Y	671	325	622	160	227	59.1	56.1	63.3	93.3	59.7
Zr	230	209	258	187	358	320	329	323	322	334
Nb	38.1	46.1	48.7	33.4	85.8	64.9	45.4	65.8	65.2	67.5
Cs	0.647	0.518	0.59	0.535	0.275	0.82	1.52	0.847	0.449	0.909
Ba	224	362	204	265	902	571	338	508	587	472
La	381	163	274	91.4	107	39.7	34.4	39.8	55.8	38
Ce	193	121	169	87.5	90.7	85.4	69.6	75.8	94.7	95.2
Pr	69.2	35.3	43.4	24.3	21.4	10.7	9.23	10.6	14.7	10.3
Nd	311	160	196	113	91.9	47.5	41.8	48	65.9	46.5
Sm	67.7	36.3	41.6	27.3	19	11.7	10.5	11.9	16.1	11.6
Eu	22.3	11.7	13.9	8.89	5.77	4.69	4.2	4.78	6.09	4.61
Gd	88.8	44.5	61	31	23.5	12.6	11.4	13	17.8	12.5
Tb	12.8	6.36	8.94	4.35	3.44	1.95	1.75	1.97	2.71	1.92
Dy	75.2	36.7	56.2	23.7	21.1	11	9.95	11.2	15.5	10.9
Ho	15.6	7.56	12.6	4.52	4.65	2.12	1.91	2.17	3.02	2.11
Er	40	19.4	33.7	11.1	12.6	5.51	4.92	5.6	7.79	5.45
Tm	5.22	2.57	4.46	1.42	1.73	0.789	0.699	0.798	1.09	0.772
Yb	28.2	13.9	23.9	7.56	9.42	4.69	4.11	4.7	6.28	4.57
Lu	4.36	2.13	3.76	1.13	1.48	0.706	0.62	0.704	0.945	0.687
Hf	5.09	6.17	5.9	4.28	7.81	7.86	8.21	8.08	8.03	8.22
Ta	2.71	3.59	3.11	2.15	4.82	3.9	2.16	4.07	4.03	4.19
Pb	7.54	5.93	8.18	3.14	4.98	3.23	6.44	2.62	4.5	11.4
Th	3.72	4.88	4.19	2.8	7.68	5.52	5.84	5.72	5.64	5.86
U	2.34	0.934	3.35	0.546	2.05	0.896	0.745	0.784	0.901	0.779

Tab. 2

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Tab. 3

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

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元素	标样BHVO-2元素含量/%		高磷组元素含量/(wt%)					低磷组元素含量/(wt%)
元素	标准值	测试值	S1-T-1B	S1-T-1C	S1-T-1F	S1-T-2C	S1-T-5	S1-T-2A	S1-T-2E	S1-T-2F	S1-T-3	S1-T-6
Na₂O	2.22±0.08	2.249	3.28	3.65	3.07	3.26	4.06	3.74	3.21	3.87	3.95	3.60
MgO	7.23±0.12	7.319	1.83	2.74	1.78	3.81	1.19	1.52	2.09	1.75	1.75	1.82
Al₂O₃	13.5±0.2	13.703	11.92	13.61	12.21	13.26	15.70	12.28	12.48	12.73	12.38	12.29
SiO₂	49.9±0.6	51.514	38.60	44.66	36.41	44.26	49.27	51.58	47.34	50.07	50.89	50.20
P₂O₅	0.27±0.02	0.271	9.61	3.56	11.08	2.29	5.98	0.63	0.65	0.69	0.81	0.62
K₂O	0.52±0.01	0.521	1.56	1.12	1.08	1.68	3.73	2.21	2.56	2.14	1.59	2.20
CaO	11.4±0.2	11.514	15.87	10.54	17.35	8.64	10.76	5.59	4.41	5.66	6.56	5.53
TiO₂	2.73±0.04	2.428	2.09	2.60	2.29	2.67	1.30	1.77	1.88	1.83	1.79	1.88
MnO	0.167±0.005	0.170	0.08	0.14	0.08	0.14	0.07	0.31	0.18	0.28	0.36	0.36
Fe₂O₃	12.3±0.2	12.265	9.06	11.25	8.65	14.95	3.84	17.07	18.55	17.06	17.42	18.26
LOI			6.12	5.39	5.76	4.25	3.69	3.25	5.77	4.07	2.12	3.67
Total			100.01	99.27	99.74	99.21	99.59	99.96	99.11	100.13	99.63	100.43

同位素	标样同位素比值						本研究样品同位素比值
同位素	BCR-2	BCR-2	BCR-2	BHVO-2	BHVO-2	BHVO-2	S1-T-2A	S1-T-2E	S1-T-2F	S1-T-3	S1-T-6
⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr	0.705015	0.705013	0.705017	0.703467	0.703483	0.703491	0.704014	0.703942	0.703979	0.703924	0.703987
±2σ	0.000006	0.000006	0.000006	0.000006	0.000006	0.000005	0.000006	0.000006	0.000006	0.000006	0.000006
¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd	0.512647	0.512648		0.512961	0.512983		0.512893	0.512896	0.512884	0.512893	0.512878
±2σ	0.000004	0.000005		0.000005	0.000005		0.000005	0.000006	0.000003	0.000004	0.000004
²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb	38.7192			38.2587			38.7709	38.7772	38.7981	38.7855	38.773
±2σ	0.0019			0.0017			0.0009	0.0012	0.0009	0.0011	0.0011
²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb	15.6241			15.536			15.5779	15.581	15.5863	15.5803	15.5794
±2σ	0.0007			0.0006			0.0004	0.0004	0.0003	0.0004	0.0004
²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb	18.7528			18.6681			18.5575	18.5547	18.5622	18.561	18.5565
±2σ	0.0008			0.0007			0.0004	0.0005	0.0004	0.0004	0.0005
¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf	0.282867	0.282871	0.282877	0.283096	0.283088	0.283079	0.283022	0.283021	0.283024	0.283023	0.283019
±2σ	0.000005	0.000005	0.000004	0.000003	0.000005	0.000003	0.000004	0.000004	0.000004	0.000004	0.000004

Geochemistry and mantle source characteristics of volcanic rocks in the Urdaneta Plateau of the West Philippine Sea

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