基于短时调和分析的广东惠州双月湾潟湖体系潮汐动力特征分析

doi:10.11978/2024048

Abstract

Abstract:

The tidal dynamics of lagoon systems exert profound influences on their geomorphic evolution, ecological conservation, and sustainable development of coastal resources. This study focuses on the Shuangyue Bay Lagoon in Huizhou, Guangdong Province. Utilizing four sets of tidal level observations from 2020 to 2023, we employed a modified harmonic analysis model based on the principle of smoothness (MHACS) alongside statistical methods to preliminarily investigate the propagation and variation processes of tidal waves within the lagoon system. The results reveal that the average tidal range in the Shuangyue Bay lagoon system spans from 0.52 to 0.69 m. As tidal waves propagate from the mouth to the upper reaches of the lagoon, their energy diminishes significantly, with an attenuation rate in the upstream region approximately 20 times greater than that near the mouth. Additionally, the propagation speed of tidal waves decreases to approximately 12% of its value near the mouth. Dominant tidal constituents within the lagoon include the semi-diurnal tide M₂, diurnal tide K₁, and shallow-water tide M₄, with amplitudes of 23.06 cm, 30.4 cm, and 7.74 cm, respectively. While the amplitudes of diurnal and semi-diurnal tides exhibit relatively stable monthly fluctuations, shallow-water tides display more pronounced seasonal variations, particularly evident when propagating upstream, where the amplitude and phase lag of tidal components undergo significant seasonal changes. Tidal waves enter the Shuangyue Bay Lagoon through its mouth, encountering influences from terrain convergence and bottom friction effects. The propagation speed of tidal waves varies significantly across different river sections, with the speed of semi-diurnal tides generally higher in the mouth area compared to diurnal tides. Moreover, the amplitude attenuation of each tidal component within the lagoon is substantial, particularly notable for the amplitude gradient of S₂, M₄, and MS₄ tidal constituents, which reaches up to 4×10^-6m^-1.

Key words: modified harmonic analysis model on the basis of the credo of smoothness (MHACS), tidal wave propagation, T-tide, tidal wave attenuation, wave propagation celerity

CLC Number:

P731.22

WANG Yajun, ZHANG Siyi, OU Suying, CAI Huayang, ZHU Xinyu, ZHU Lei. Analysis of tidal hydrodynamics characteristics of the Shuangyue Bay Lagoon system in Huizhou, Guangdong based on modified harmonic analysis model using the credo of smoothness[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(1): 93-107.

Figures/Tables 12

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References 51

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编号	位置	经度	纬度	测量时间	时间长度/h
CTD-1	潟湖口门	114°53'24" E	22°34'30"N	2020-07-03, 16:00—2020-08-19, 16:00	1129
				2022-08-22, 16:00—2022-11-09, 15:00	1896
				2022-11-10, 10:00—2023-04-25, 6:00	3981
				2023-06-19, 10:00—2023-12-02, 8:00	3983
CTD-2	潟湖中段	114°52'37"E	22°36'29"N	2020-07-04, 9:00—2020-08-19, 8:00	1104
				2022-08-22, 16:00—2022-11-09, 15:00	1896
				2022-11-10, 10:00—2023-04-25, 6:00	3981
				2023-06-19, 10:00—2023-12-02, 8:00	3983
CTD-3	潟湖上段	114°53'31"E	22°37'26"N	2020-07-03, 16:00—2020-8-19, 16:00	1129

特征值	CTD-1	CTD-2		CTD-3
平均涨潮潮差/m	0.72	0.65		0.54
平均落潮潮差/m	0.67	0.63		0.49
平均潮差/m	0.69	0.64		0.52
最大涨潮潮差/m	1.17	1.09		1.01
最大落潮潮差/m	1.87	1.57		1.19
平均潮波振幅/m	0.34	0.31		0.25
特征值	潟湖近口段		潟湖中上段
衰减率绝对值/(10^-4·m^-1)	0.14		2.84
高潮位传播速度/(m·s^-1)	5.25		1.91
低潮位传播速度/(m·s^-1)	3.13		0.62
平均传播速度/(m·s^-1)	3.06		0.34

潮汐	CTD-1					CTD-2				CTD-3
	振幅η/cm			迟角		振幅η/cm		迟角		振幅η/cm		迟角
	MHACS	CHA	MHACS		CHA	MHACS	MHACS	CHA	CHA	MHACS	CHA	MHACS	CHA
M₂	29.77	30.18	239.75°		240.90°	27.01	26.83	252.73°	253.02°	11.55	12.72	580.83°	428.05°
S₂	10.48	9.14	265.09°		277.41°	8.15	6.81	283.12°	292.45°	2.32	2.70	519.24°	545.93°
N₂	5.50	5.55	230.61°		259.75°	5.04	5.14	248.42°	247.99°	2.45	3.18	565.30°	610.42°
K₂	2.78	-	268.82°		-	2.14	-	289.21°	-	0.71	-	503.20°	-
K₁	32.38	37.00	288.34°		301.69°	30.18	36.63	298.42°	308.78°	25.95	29.59	296.38°	316.75°
O₁	28.21	24.83	241.35°		239.68°	26.49	23.54	252.60°	250.55°	22.94	19.91	251.36°	268.11°
P₁	10.49	-	281.40°		-	9.72	-	291.69°	-	8.38	-	290.80°	-
Q₁	4.38	3.89	232.83°		216.41°	4.44	4.34	247.50°	231.97°	3.67	3.21	237.83°	249.69°
M₄	11.21	12.14	260.08°		261.56°	9.90	10.32	282.65°	283.72°	2.12	3.31	282.65°	286.37°
MS₄	5.07	-	339.08°		-	4.16	-	376.70°	-	0.69	-	376.70°	-

分潮	CTD-1		CTD-2		CTD-3
分潮	振幅η/cm	迟角φ	振幅η/cm	迟角φ	振幅η/cm	迟角φ
M₂	29.90	240.45°	27.74	253.33°	11.55	580.83°
S₂	11.21	264.35°	9.45	279.17°	2.32	519.24°
N₂	6.17	229.93°	5.78	245.56°	2.45	565.30°
K₂	3.03	267.37°	2.54	283.01°	0.71	503.20°
K₁	33.45	288.18°	31.94	296.38°	25.95	304.74°
O₁	27.77	241.61°	26.55	251.36°	22.94	257.65°
P₁	10.86	281.88°	10.31	290.80°	8.38	297.66°
Q₁	4.81	228.72°	4.77	237.83°	3.67	251.72°
M₄	11.21	260.08°	9.90	265.47°	2.12	597.32°
MS₄	5.07	339.08°	4.16	350.00°	0.69	677.48°

分潮	CTD-1至CTD-2		CTD-2至CTD-3
分潮	${{C}_{A}}$/(m·s^-1)	$\delta $/(10^-6 m^-1)	${{C}_{A}}$/(m·s^-1)	$\delta $/(10^-6 m^-1)
M₂	3.25	-0.14	0.07	-3.05
S₂	2.92	-0.33	0.09	-4.49
N₂	2.63	-0.13	0.07	-2.99
K₂	2.78	-0.34	0.10	-4.19
K₁	2.65	-0.09	1.35	-0.77
O₁	2.07	-0.09	1.66	-0.54
P₁	2.42	-0.10	1.64	-0.76
Q₁	2.13	-0.02	0.72	-0.97
M₄	3.71	-0.24	0.14	-4.80
MS₄	2.26	-0.38	0.15	-5.29

Analysis of tidal hydrodynamics characteristics of the Shuangyue Bay Lagoon system in Huizhou, Guangdong based on modified harmonic analysis model using the credo of smoothness

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