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热带海洋学报

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一株分离自西沙群岛中光层珊瑚礁表面的细鞘丝藻(Leptolyngbya sp.)代谢产物特性研究

李涛1,许瑾2*, 刁增辉3, 孙有方4, 吴华莲1, 徐冰埼1,5, 吴后波1, 向文洲1*
  

  1. 1.水产品种创制与高效养殖全国重点实验室, 广东省海洋药物重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301


    2. 中国科学院广州能源研究所, 广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室, 广东 广州 510640


    3. 仲恺农业工程学院, 资源与环境学院, 广东 广州 510225


    4. 热带海洋环境与岛礁生态全国重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301


    5. 中国科学院大学, 北京 101408


  • 收稿日期:2026-04-30 修回日期:2026-06-18 接受日期:2026-06-24
  • 通讯作者: 许瑾
  • 基金资助:
    科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY100600); 国家重点研发计划(2024YFB410650); 2025年度广东省现代化海洋牧场适养品种核心技术攻关项目(2025-MRB-00-001)

Characterization of Metabolites from a Leptolyngbya sp. Strain Isolated from the Surface of a Mesophotic Coral Reefs in the Xisha Islands

LI Tao1, XU Jin2*, DIAO Zenghui3, SUN Youfang4, WU Hualian1, XU Bingqi1,5, WU Houbo1, XIANG Wenzhou1*    

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China


    2. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of   New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China


    3. College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China


    4. Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 10301, China;


    5. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China


  • Received:2026-04-30 Revised:2026-06-18 Accepted:2026-06-24
  • Supported by:
    Science & Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program (2022FY100600); the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFB4106501); 2025 Research on breeding technology of candidate species for Guangdong modern marine ranching (2025-MRB-00-001).

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摘要： 中光层珊瑚礁生态系统环境独特，孕育了丰富的微藻种类。细鞘丝藻属(Leptolyngbya)作为珊瑚礁“微生物垫”的关键构建者之一, 可以合成多种高附加值产物, 具有重要的研究与开发价值。然而, 受限于附生细鞘丝藻培养困难, 大多数种类仍未被有效开发。本研究从西沙群岛中光层珊瑚礁表面分离获得了一株细鞘丝藻（藻株编号：SCSIO-46101）, 通过形态观察、分子鉴定、生化组成、基因组与代谢组等多维度分析, 明确其分类学地位，并评估了其资源应用潜力。结果表明, 该藻属于蓝藻门、蓝藻纲、聚球藻目、细鞘丝藻属, 藻体呈现红色, 具有较高的藻红蛋白含量(1.56% DW); 其生物质以蛋白质(30.99%干重)和碳水化合物(24.60%干重)为主, 总脂含量较低(3.68%干重); 脂肪酸以棕榈酸为主(占总脂肪酸35%), 氨基酸以谷氨酸为主(占总氨基酸15%), 胞内多糖为酸性杂多糖，由葡萄糖、甘露糖、半乳糖、木糖、岩藻糖和古罗糖醛酸等组成; 基因组大小为8.4 Mb, 预测基因7099个, 具有萜类、莽草酸途径、生物碱等潜在活性物质的合成途径; 代谢物分析发现了苯哌利多、异香兰素等多种可能具成药潜力的天然产物; 活性评价显示, 冷水提取物具有较强的抗氧化能力, 乙醇提取物表现出良好的美白活性。综上所述, 细鞘丝藻SCSIO-46101是一株具有高值化开发潜力的微藻资源, 本研究丰富了对西沙群岛细鞘丝藻多样性的认识, 为其进一步开发提供了理论依据。

关键词: 中光层珊瑚礁, 细鞘丝藻, 基因组, 天然产物, 活性评价

Abstract: The unique environment of the mesophotic coral reef ecosystem harbors a rich diversity of microalgae species. Leptolyngbya, a key builders of the coral reef "microbial mat", can synthesize various high-value-added products, giving it significant research and development potential. However, due to the challenges in culturing epiphytic Leptolyngbya, most species remain underexplored. In this study, a strain of Leptolyngbya sp. (strain number: SCSIO-46101) was isolated from the mesophotic coral reefs of the Xisha Islands. Based on morphological observation, molecular identification, biochemical composition, genomics, and metabolomics, its taxonomic status was clarified, and its application potential was evaluated. Results indicated that this microalga belonged to the phylum Cyanobacteria, class Cyanophyceae, order Synechococcales, and genus Leptolyngbya. The microalga appeared red, with a relatively high phycoerythrin content (1.56% DW). Its biomass was primarily composed of proteins (30.99% of dry weight) and carbohydrates (24.60% of dry weight), with a low total lipid content (3.68% of dry weight). Fatty acids were dominated by palmitic acid (35% of total fatty acids), and amino acids were primarily glutamic acid (15% of total amino acids). The intracellular polysaccharide was an acidic heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose, mannose, galactose, xylose, fucose, and guluronic acid. The genome size was 8.4 Mb, with 7,099 predicted genes, and it possessed potential biosynthetic pathways for terpenoids, the shikimate pathway, alkaloids, and other bioactive compounds. Metabolite analysis revealed various natural products with potential pharmaceutical value, such as benperidol and isovanillin. Activity evaluation showed that the cold-water extract exhibited strong antioxidant capacity, while the ethanol extract demonstrated good skin-whitening activity. In conclusion, Leptolyngbya sp. SCSIO-46101 was a microalgal resource with high-value development potential. This study enhanced the understanding of Leptolyngbya from the Xisha Islands and provided a theoretical basis for its further development.

Key words: mesophotic coral reef, Leptolyngbya, genome, natural products, bioactivity evaluation