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热带海洋学报

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中国南海典型中光层珊瑚礁石珊瑚物种多样性研究

黄晖1, 2, 3, 陈慧贞1, 3, 4, 贾志宇1, 3, 4, 林先智1, 2, 3, 张贝叶1, 3, 4, 黄林韬1, 2, 3, 江雷1, 2,刘胜1
  

  1. 1. 热带海洋环境与岛礁生态全国重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301;

    2. 三亚海洋科学综合(联合)实验室; 海南省热带海洋生物技术重点实验室, 三亚海洋生态环境工程研究院, 海南 三亚 572000;

    3. 海南三亚海洋生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站, 海南 三亚 572000

    4. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049



  • 收稿日期:2026-03-18 修回日期:2026-04-27 接受日期:2026-06-05
  • 通讯作者: 刘胜
  • 基金资助:
    科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY100600)

Diversity of Stony‑Coral Species in Typical Mesophotic Reefs of the South China Sea

HUANG Hui1, 2, 3, CHEN Huizhen1, 3, 4, JIA Zhiyu1, 3, 4, LIN Xianzhi1, 2, 3, ZHANG Beiye1, 3, 4, HUANG Lintao1, 2, 3, JIANG Lei1, 2, LIU Sheng1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China;

    2. Sanya Joint Laboratory of Marine Science Research, Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Marine Ecology and Environmental Engineering, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Sanya 572000, China;

    3. Sanya National Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China;

    4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.



  • Received:2026-03-18 Revised:2026-04-27 Accepted:2026-06-05
  • Supported by:

    Science & Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program (Grant No.2022FY100600)

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摘要： 在全球气候变化的背景下, 中光层珊瑚礁生态系统被认为可能为浅水珊瑚礁生物提供潜在“避难所”。本研究于2024年对中国南海西沙群岛和南沙群岛（美济礁）水深30-56 m的中光层生境开展生态调查。结果共记录石珊瑚125种，隶属于17科55属，其中包含3个中国大陆新记录种。西沙群岛记录石珊瑚100种（17科52属），南沙群岛记录44种（11科22属）。南海中光层石珊瑚物种组成以鹿角珊瑚科、裸肋珊瑚科、石芝珊瑚科和菌珊瑚科为主，群落生长型以板状、表覆状及亚团块状为主，表现出显著的深度适应特征。本研究初步揭示了南海中光层石珊瑚的物种多样性与群落生长特征，为认识该区域中光层珊瑚礁生态系统结构及其对环境变化的响应提供了基础数据，也为南海珊瑚礁生态系统生态保育与生物多样性保护提供了科学依据。

关键词: 中光层珊瑚礁, 石珊瑚, 南海, 物种多样性

Abstract: In the context of global climate change, mesophotic coral ecosystems are considered potential refugia for shallow coral reef organisms. In this study, ecological surveys were conducted in 2024 at mesophotic habitats (30–56m depth) in the Xisha Islands and the Nansha Islands (Meiji Reef) of the South China Sea. A total of 125 species of stony corals were recorded, belonging to 55 genera and 17 families, including three species newly recorded for Chinese Mainland. Specifically, 100 species (17 families, 52 genera) were documented in the Xisha Islands, and 44 species (11 families, 22 genera) in the Nansha Islands. The mesophotic stony coral assemblages in the South China Sea were dominated by members of the families Acroporidae, Merulinidae, Agariciidae, and Fungiidae. Coral growth forms were primarily characterized by plating, encrusting, and submassive morphologies, reflecting pronounced adaptations to low-light environments. This study provides a preliminary assessment of species diversity and growth-form characteristics of mesophotic stony corals in the South China Sea, offering baseline data for understanding the structure of mesophotic coral reef ecosystems and responses of these reefs to environmental change. The findings also contribute to ecological conservation and biodiversity protection on coral reef ecosystems in this region.

Key words: mesophotic coral ecosystem (MCE), stony coral, the South China Sea, species diversity