广西北海红树林宜林滩涂大型底栖动物群落结构特征

doi:10.11978/2023047

热带海洋学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 107-115.doi: 10.11978/2023047CSTR: 32234.14.2023047

广西北海红树林宜林滩涂大型底栖动物群落结构特征

耿婉璐¹^,²(), 邢永泽²(), 张秋丰¹^,²(), 管卫兵¹

1.上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院, 上海 201306
2.自然资源部第四海洋研究所, 自然资源部热带海洋生态系统与生物资源重点实验室, 广西北海 536015

收稿日期:2023-04-12 修回日期:2023-05-25 出版日期:2024-01-10 发布日期:2024-01-19
作者简介:
耿婉璐(1997—), 女, 河南省许昌市人, 硕士研究生, 主要从事湿地生态修复研究。email: genggengwanlu@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42141016); 自然资源部第四海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(202005)

Structural characteristics of macrobenthic communities at intertidal zone for mangrove in Beihai, Guangxi

GENG Wanlu¹^,²(), XING Yongze²(), ZHANG Qiufeng¹^,²(), GUAN Weibing¹

1. College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
2. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Ecosystem and Bioresource, Fourth Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536015, China

Received:2023-04-12 Revised:2023-05-25 Online:2024-01-10 Published:2024-01-19
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42141016); Scientific Research Fund of the Fourth Institute of Oceanography，MNR(202005)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解广西北海红树林宜林滩涂大型底栖动物群落特征, 本文首次在北海市选择了2条光滩断面、2条有少量互花米草分布的断面和2条被互花米草覆盖的断面开展生态调查, 调查了大型底栖动物的群落结构特征, 并分析了其与环境因子之间的关系。结果表明, 调查区域大型底栖动物共29种, 不同生境的软体动物生物量、节肢动物栖息密度及蟹洞数量差异显著(P< 0.05), 大型底栖动物的种类组成与沉积物的偏态显著正相关(P< 0.05)。光滩样地黄金村HJ群落结构稳定, 其余样地大型底栖动物的群落结构均不稳定。互花米草的生长会对大型底栖动物群落结构产生影响。

关键词: 大型底栖动物, 群落结构, 互花米草, 红树林

Abstract:

In order to understand the characteristics of macrobenthic communities in the intertidal zone for mangroves, two sections of bare flat, two sections with a small number of Spartina alterniflora distribution and two sections covered by Spartina alterniflora were selected in Beihai for ecological investigation, and the community structure of macrobenthic animals and its relationship with environmental factors were analyzed. There were 29 macrobenthic species in the survey area, and there were significant differences in mollusc biomass, arthropod habitat density and crab burrow number in different habitats (P< 0.05), and the species composition of macrobenthic animals was positively correlated with sediment skewness (P< 0.05). The HJ community structure was stable in the bare flat, but the community structure of macrobenthic animals in the other plots was unstable. The growth of Spartina alterniflora affects the structure of macrobenthic communities.

Key words: macrobenthic animals, community structure, Spartina alterniflora, mangrove

耿婉璐, 邢永泽, 张秋丰, 管卫兵. 广西北海红树林宜林滩涂大型底栖动物群落结构特征[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(1): 107-115.

GENG Wanlu, XING Yongze, ZHANG Qiufeng, GUAN Weibing. Structural characteristics of macrobenthic communities at intertidal zone for mangrove in Beihai, Guangxi[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(1): 107-115.

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样地类型	样地名称	有机质/%	黏土/%	粉砂/%	砂/%	细砾/%
光滩	HJ	0.47±0.05^a	1.42±0.21^ab	28.56±3.48^bc	69.83±3.60^ab	0.19±0.11
	NJ	0.47±0.03^a	2.41±0.21^b	37.91±3.90^c	59.68±4.10^a	-
	平均值	0.48±0.09	1.92±0.01^*	33.23±0.15^*	64.76±0.18	0.10±0.039
少量互花米草	ZX	1.88±0.12^ab	2.18±0.09^b	29.95±0.64^bc	67.56±0.64^ab	0.31±0.18
	NT	3.08±0.45^b	1.97±0.06^ab	26.21±0.63^abc	71.82±0.61^abc	-
	平均值	2.48±0.12^*	2.08±0.01^b	28.08±0.01	69.69±0.01	0.16±0.06
互花米草	RG1	0.77±0.22^a	1.23±0.36^a	17.88±1.71^ab	80.75±2.02^bc	0.14±0.08
	RG2	1.35±0.33^a	0.90±0.15^a	15.19±0.29^a	83.83±0.37^c	0.08±0.04
	平均值	1.06±0.38	1.07±0.08	16.54±0.50	82.29±0.59^*	0.11±0.01

样地类型	样地名称	物种数
样地类型	样地名称	软体动物	节肢动物	纽形动物	星虫动物	环节动物	脊索动物	总计
光滩	HJ	7	0	1	0	0	0	8
	NJ	3	1	0	0	1	0	5
	合计	10	1	1	0	1	0	13
少量互花米草	ZX	7	1	0	0	0	1	9
	NT	3	5	0	1	1	0	10
	合计	10	6	0	1	1	1	19
互花米草	RG1	4	1	0	0	0	0	5
	RG2	1	4	0	0	1	0	6
	合计	5	5	0	0	1	0	11

样地类型	优势种	优势度指数(Y)
光滩	中国绿螂 Glauconome chinensis	0.095
光滩	红树蚬 Geloina coaxans	0.037
少量互花米草	珠带拟蟹守螺 Cerithidea cingulata	0.091
少量互花米草	红果滨螺 Littorina coccinea	0.036
互花米草	凹指招潮 Uca vocans	0.074
互花米草	中国绿螂 Glauconome chinensis	0.033

样地类型	样地名称	生物量/(g·m⁻²)
样地类型	样地名称	软体动物	节肢动物	其他动物	合计
光滩	HJ	182.83	0	0.64	183.47
	NJ	176.16	2.45	2.35	180.96
	平均值	179.49±3.34^a	1.23±1.23^a	1.49±0.86^a	182.23±1.26^a
少量互花米草	ZX	318.51	10.19	5.6	334.29
	NT	793.07	38.61	19.68	851.36
	平均值	555.79±237.28^b	24.4±14.21^a	12.64±7.04^a	592.83±258.54^b
互花米草	RG1	693.87	66.83	0	760.69
	RG2	703.95	3.79	5.49	713.23
	平均值	698.91±5.04^b	35.31±31.52^a	2.75±2.75^a	736.96±23.73^b

样地类型	样地名称	栖息密度/(ind.·m⁻²)
样地类型	样地名称	软体动物	节肢动物	其他动物	合计	蟹洞
光滩	HJ	70	0	6	76	304
	NJ	54	6	6	66	1008
	平均值	62±8^a	3±3^a	6^a	71±5^a	656±352^a
少量互花米草	ZX	214	6	6	226	1158
	NT	32	27	54	113	2603
	平均值	123±91^a	17±11^ab	30±24^a	169±57^b	1880±723^b
互花米草	RG1	43	32	0	75	587
	RG2	6	22	16	44	358
	平均值	25±19^a	27±5^b	8±8^a	59±16^a	472±115^a

广西北海红树林宜林滩涂大型底栖动物群落结构特征

Structural characteristics of macrobenthic communities at intertidal zone for mangrove in Beihai, Guangxi

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样地类型	样地名称	多样性指数(H′)	丰富度指数(d)	均匀度指数(J)
光滩	HJ	2.11	1.12	0.70
	NJ	1.63	0.66	0.70
	平均值	1.87^a	0.89^ab	0.70^a
少量互花米草	ZX	1.66	1.02	0.52
	NT	2.22	1.32	0.67
	平均值	1.94^a	1.17^a	0.59^b
互花米草	RG1	1.38	0.64	0.59
	RG2	1.67	0.92	0.65
	平均值	1.52^a	0.78^b	0.62^ab

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