全球变暖和核电站温排水对大亚湾滨珊瑚钙化的影响

doi:10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2011.02.001

热带海洋学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 1-9.doi: 10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2011.02.001cstr: 32234.14.j.issn.1009-5470.2011.02.001

• 珊瑚礁 • 下一篇

全球变暖和核电站温排水对大亚湾滨珊瑚钙化的影响

陈天然, 余克服, 施祺, 陈特固, 王嵘

中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东广州 510301

收稿日期:2009-10-25 修回日期:2009-11-22 出版日期:2011-05-06 发布日期:2011-05-04
作者简介:陈天然(1981—), 男, 江苏省镇江市人,博士, 主要从事珊瑚高分辨率环境记录与生态响应研究。E-mail: chentian-ran2008@gmail.com
基金资助:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05080300); 国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830852、41025007); 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB815905); 国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB19B03); 中国科学院南海海洋研究所青年人才领域前沿项目(SQ201009); 中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室开放研究基金项目(MSGL09-01)

Effect of global warming and thermal effluents on calcification of the Porites coral in Daya Bay, northern South China Sea

CHEN Tian-ran, YU Ke-fu, SHI Qi, CHEN Te-gu, WANG Rong

CAS Key laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, CAS, Guangzhou 510301, China

Received:2009-10-25 Revised:2009-11-22 Online:2011-05-06 Published:2011-05-04
About author:陈天然(1981—), 男, 江苏省镇江市人,博士, 主要从事珊瑚高分辨率环境记录与生态响应研究。E-mail: chentian-ran2008@gmail.com
Supported by:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05080300); 国家自然科学基金重点项目(40830852、41025007); 国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2007CB815905); 国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAB19B03); 中国科学院南海海洋研究所青年人才领域前沿项目(SQ201009); 中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室开放研究基金项目(MSGL09-01)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全球变暖引起的珊瑚白化和珊瑚钙化能力减弱, 对全球珊瑚礁生态系统构成了严重威胁。在这样的背景下, 相对高纬度海域石珊瑚(Scleractinia)群落被认为是珊瑚物种延续的最后避难所。通过分析大亚湾海域持续生长46年(1962—2007年)的滨珊瑚Porites骨骼参数(生长率、密度和钙化率), 研究相对高纬度海域石珊瑚钙化对全球变暖以及人为热排放的响应模式。结果显示, 滨珊瑚平均生长率、密度和钙化率分别为0.97cm•a-1(0.41—1.32cm•a-1)、1.45g•cm-3(1.17—1.65g•cm-3)和1.40g•(cm2•a)-1[0.59—1.93g•(cm2•a)-1]。海表温度(SST)是该海域石珊瑚钙化的主导控制因素。1962—1993年, 全球变暖、SST上升对大亚湾滨珊瑚生长有缓解冬季低温胁迫、促进骨骼钙化的作用。然而, 随着SST持续上升以及大亚湾核电站的运行, 全球变暖与核电站温排水对滨珊瑚骨骼形成高密度带造成抑制作用, 导致自1993年以后滨珊瑚骨骼生长率和钙化率呈下降趋势, 并出现1997—2001年和2006年的低谷。因此, 全球变暖, 至少是初期, 对相对高纬度海域石珊瑚钙化乃至珊瑚礁发育是有促进作用的。但随着SST持续上升, 加上ENSO等极端高温事件以及人类活动的影响, 可能在未来会出现相对高纬度海域的大面积石珊瑚白化。

关键词: 全球变暖, 温排水, 滨珊瑚, 钙化, 相对高纬度, 大亚湾

Abstract:

Mass coral bleaching and decreased calcification triggered by global warming have seriously threatened the coral reef ecosystems worldwide. Relative high-latitude coral communities may have the potential to act as regions of refugia for many coral species in the face of future global warming. Skeletal parameters (growth rate, density and calcification) of a 46-yr-long (1962-2007) Porites coral were analyzed, in order to investigate the responses of coral calcification (carbonate depositional processes) in high-latitude regions to increasing sea surface temperature (SST) associated with global warming and anthropogenic thermal discharge. Results showed that annual-mean growth rate, density and calcification were 0.97 cm•yr-1 (0.41?1.32 cm•yr-1), 1.45 g•cm-3 (1.17-1.65 g•cm-3) and 1.40 g•(cm2•yr)-1 [0.59?1.93 g•(cm2•yr)-1], respectively. SST is the major control effect of coral growth in this area. At the initial stage of global warming (1962?1993), increased SST al-leviated seasonal low temperature stress and promoted coral calcification. When SST increased continuously combined with nuclear power stations operation in Daya Bay, however, synthesized high SST in summer stressed coral skeletogenesis, and caused decreased growth and calcification rates after 1993, as well as relatively low levels of growth and calcification rates during 1997-2001 and 2006. Therefore, global warming, at least in the beginning, promoted coral calcification and reef development at high-latitude areas, whereas mass coral bleaching caused by continuously increasing SST, ENSO events and human activates, may happen in the future.

Key words: global warming, thermal effluent, Porites, calcification, relative high-latitude, Daya Bay

陈天然,余克服,施祺,陈特固,王嵘. 全球变暖和核电站温排水对大亚湾滨珊瑚钙化的影响[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2011, 30(2): 1-9.

CHEN Tian-ran,YU Ke-fu,SHI Qi,CHEN Te-gu,WANG Rong. Effect of global warming and thermal effluents on calcification of the Porites coral in Daya Bay, northern South China Sea[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2011, 30(2): 1-9.

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全球变暖和核电站温排水对大亚湾滨珊瑚钙化的影响

Effect of global warming and thermal effluents on calcification of the Porites coral in Daya Bay, northern South China Sea

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