海水酸化和升温对两种造礁石珊瑚生长和钙化的影响*

doi:10.11978/2022171

热带海洋学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 49-57.doi: 10.11978/2022171CSTR: 32234.14.2022171

海水酸化和升温对两种造礁石珊瑚生长和钙化的影响*

周伟华¹^,²^,³(), 李颖心¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 郭亚娟⁵, 霍嘉欣¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 宋严¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 朱晴¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 袁翔城¹^,²^,³(), 刘胜¹^,²^,³, 黄晖¹^,²^,³

1.中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室, 广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东广州 510301
2.三亚海洋科学综合(联合)实验室, 海南省热带海洋生物技术重点实验室, 海南三亚 572000
3.海南三亚海洋生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站; 中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站, 海南三亚 572000
4.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
5.中国科学院南海海洋研究所海洋环境检测中心, 广东广州 510301

收稿日期:2022-07-29 修回日期:2022-08-30 出版日期:2024-05-10 发布日期:2023-04-07
作者简介:
周伟华(1976—), 男, 浙江省东阳市人, 博士, 研究员, 从事海洋生态环境研究。email: whzhou@scsio.ac.cn
*感谢珊瑚生物学和珊瑚礁生态学学科组全体人员对本论文的完成提供的帮助。
基金资助:
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2022A1515010656); 国家自然科学基金(31370500); 海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2020200)

Effects of ocean acidification and warming on the growth and calcification of two reef-building corals*

ZHOU Weihua¹^,²^,³(), LI Yingxin¹^,²^,³^,⁴, GUO Yajuan⁵, HUO Jiaxin¹^,²^,³^,⁴, SONG Yan¹^,²^,³^,⁴, ZHU Qing¹^,²^,³^,⁴, YUAN Xiangcheng¹^,²^,³(), LIU Sheng¹^,²^,³, HUANG Hui¹^,²^,³

1. CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
2. CAS-HKUST Sanya Joint Laboratory of Marine Science Research; Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya 572000, China
3. Sanya National Marine Ecosystem Research Station; Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China
4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
5. Testing Center of Marine Environment, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China

Received:2022-07-29 Revised:2022-08-30 Online:2024-05-10 Published:2023-04-07
Supported by:
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515010656); National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370500); Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province(ZDYF2020200)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以海南岛三亚鹿回头两种常见的造礁石珊瑚(鹿角杯形珊瑚Pocillopora damicornis 和丛生盔形珊瑚Galaxea fascicularis)为研究对象, 通过室内培养实验探究海水酸化和升温两种联合因子对造礁石珊瑚生长和钙化的影响。结果显示: 两种珊瑚受海水酸化的影响显著, 丛生盔形珊瑚在pH 8.1下的生长速率显著高于pH 7.7和7.4环境, 鹿角杯形珊瑚在pH 7.4下的钙化速率显著低于pH 7.7和8.1环境。且鹿角杯形珊瑚的生长速率与钙化速率显示各温度和 pH 因子之间均出现拮抗现象, 能有效缓解珊瑚白化; 相同的拮抗现象也出现在丛生盔形珊瑚的钙化速率上, 但在其生长速率则表现出协同作用, 加速珊瑚白化。鹿角杯形珊瑚与丛生盔形珊瑚的生长速率和钙化速率对海水升温和酸化的响应存在种间特异性。

关键词: 鹿角杯形珊瑚, 丛生盔形珊瑚, 酸化, 升温, 生长, 钙化

Abstract:

To explore the effects of ocean warming and acidification on coral growth and calcification rate, two widespread coral species, Pocillopora damicornis and Galaxea fascicularis, in the Luhuitou area of the Sanya Bay, were selected for a 28-days controlled incubation experiment. With the interactive treatments of temperatures and pCO₂, our results indicated that corals were significantly affected by seawater acidification. Moreover, acidification affected strongly the growth rate of G. fascicularis and the calcification rate of P. damicornis. The chlorophyll fluorescence index (F_v/F_m) of the symbiotic zooxanthellae in P. damicornis was significantly higher than G. fascicularis. Interestingly, the quantitative study showed that there was an antagonistic effect between temperature and pH at some levels, which could effectively alleviate coral bleaching. Thus, we concluded that the growth and calcification rate exhibited interspecific specificity in response to seawater warming and acidification.

Key words: Pocillopora damicornis, Galaxea fascicularis, acidification, warming, growth, calcification

周伟华, 李颖心, 郭亚娟, 霍嘉欣, 宋严, 朱晴, 袁翔城, 刘胜, 黄晖. 海水酸化和升温对两种造礁石珊瑚生长和钙化的影响*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(3): 49-57.

ZHOU Weihua, LI Yingxin, GUO Yajuan, HUO Jiaxin, SONG Yan, ZHU Qing, YUAN Xiangcheng, LIU Sheng, HUANG Hui. Effects of ocean acidification and warming on the growth and calcification of two reef-building corals*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 49-57.

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pH	温度/℃	盐度/‰	TA/ (μmol·L^-1)	DIC/(μmol·L^-1)	pCO₂ /μatm	Ω_A
8.1±0.14	27±1	34±0.02	2239±13	1888	321	3.87
	29±1	34±0.02	2239±13	1869	318	4.12
	31±1	34±0.02	2239±13	1859	317	4.25
7.7±0.16	27±1	34±0.02	2225±14	2091	960	1.83
	29±1	34±0.02	2225±14	2079	962	1.97
	31±1	34±0.02	2225±14	2073	963	2.04
7.4±0.18	27±1	34±0.02	2224±11	2197	2043	0.98
	29±1	34±0.02	2224±11	2189	2056	1.06
	31±1	34±0.02	2224±11	2185	2062	1.10

珊瑚物种	处理组	生长速率 /(mg·cm^-2·h^-1)
珊瑚物种	处理组	pH 8.1→7.7(轻度)	pH 7.7→7.4(中度)	pH 8.1→7.4(深度)
鹿角杯形珊瑚	27℃(处理1)	-0.0051	0.0085	0.0034
	29℃(处理2)	-0.0013(+)	0.0040(-)	0.0028(-)
	31℃(处理3)	0.0000(++)	0.0015(- -)	0.0016(- -)
丛生盔形珊瑚	27℃(处理1)	-0.0061	-0.0068	-0.0129
	29℃(处理2)	0.0036(+)	0.0002(+)	0.0038(+)
	31℃(处理3)	0.0061(++)	-0.0079(- -)	-0.0009(+)

珊瑚物种	处理组	生长速率 /(mg·cm^-2·h^-1)
珊瑚物种	处理组	27℃→29℃(轻度)	29℃→31℃(中度)	27℃→31℃(深度)
鹿角杯形珊瑚	8.1(处理1)	0.0069	0.0020	0.0088
	7.7(处理2)	0.0107(+)	0.0033(+)	0.0140(+)
	7.4(处理3)	0.0062(- -)	0.0007(- -)	0.0070(- -)
丛生盔形珊瑚	8.1(处理1)	-0.0117	-0.0116	-0.0233
	7.7(处理2)	-0.0020(+)	-0.0091(+)	-0.0111(+)
	7.4(处理3)	0.0050(++)	-0.0163(- -)	-0.0112(+)

珊瑚物种	处理组	钙化速率 /(μmol·cm^-2·h^-1)
珊瑚物种	处理组	pH 8.1→7.7(轻度)	pH 7.7→7.4(中度)	pH 8.1→7.4(深度)
鹿角杯形珊瑚	27℃(处理1)	-0.0366	0.0322	-0.0043
	29℃(处理2)	-0.0049(+)	0.0737(+)	0.0688(+)
	31℃(处理3)	0.0310(++)	0.0409(+)	0.0719(++)
丛生盔形珊瑚	27℃(处理1)	0.0186	0.0518	0.0704
	29℃(处理2)	0.0026 (-)	-0.0051(-)	-0.0025(-)
	31℃(处理3)	-0.0785(--)	0.0340(-)	-0.0445(--)

珊瑚物种	处理组	钙化速率 /(μmol·cm^-2·h^-1)
珊瑚物种	处理组	27℃→29℃(轻度)		29℃→31℃(中度)		27℃→31℃(深度)
鹿角杯形珊瑚	8.1(处理1)	-0.0432	-0.0742		-0.1173
	7.7(处理2)	-0.0272(+)	0.0069(+)		-0.0202(+)
	7.4(处理3)	0.0298(++)	-0.0322(++)		-0.0024(++)
丛生盔形珊瑚	8.1(处理1)	-0.0386	-0.0097		-0.0483
	7.7(处理2)	-0.0070(+)	0.0262(+)		0.0192(+)
	7.4(处理3)	0.0345(++)	-0.0066(+)		0.0279(++)

海水酸化和升温对两种造礁石珊瑚生长和钙化的影响*

Effects of ocean acidification and warming on the growth and calcification of two reef-building corals*

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