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热带海洋学报

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台风“泰利”在南海北部激发的近惯性动能：基于FVCOM的数值模拟研究

蒋子濠1,2, 韦骏1, 汪致君3
  

  1. 1.中山大学大气科学学院, 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海), 广东 珠海 519082;

    2.安徽省气象灾害防御技术中心, 安徽 合肥 230031;

    3.珠海科技学院, 广东 珠海 519041



  • 收稿日期:2025-12-11 修回日期:2026-02-05 接受日期:2026-03-09
  • 通讯作者: 韦骏
  • 基金资助:
    南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)自主科研项目(SML2020SP009)

Inertial Energy Induced by Typhoon Talim in the Northern South China Sea: A Numerical Simulation Study Based on FVCOM

JIANG Zihao1,2, WEI Jun1, WANG Zhijun3   

  1. 1. School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China;

    2. Anhui Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center, Hefei 230031, China;

    3. Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519041, China



  • Received:2025-12-11 Revised:2026-02-05 Accepted:2026-03-09
  • Supported by:

    The Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) (SML2020SP009)

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摘要： 近惯性运动是海洋中的一种重要动力过程，广泛影响着海洋中的能量传递、环流演变和垂向混合等重要物理过程。本文基于FVCOM（Finite Volume Community Ocean Model）区域海洋模型，构建了覆盖南海北部的三维动力模型，并利用高频地波雷达的观测数据对模型进行了充分验证。本研究利用该模型模拟了2023年第4号台风“泰利”在南海北部激发的近惯性运动，重点探讨了台风期间近惯性动能的触发过程、持续时间以及衰减过程等，为理解该区域近惯性运动的特征提供了科学依据。结果表明，台风“泰利”引发近惯性运动的能量主要来源于风能输入。在远海区域，近惯性运动主要通过垂向紊流耗散消退；在近海区域，近惯性运动则主要通过底摩擦作用消退。垂直对流项对能量消散起主要作用。浮力频率较强的区域密度分层显著，抑制了垂直混合和湍流发展，近惯性能量耗散较慢，可持续一周左右；浮力频率较弱的区域，密度分层较弱，垂直混合增强，近惯性能量耗散较快，可持续三天。

关键词: 近惯性运动, 台风, FVCOM模型, 南海北部

Abstract: Near-inertial motion represents a significant dynamic process in the ocean, profoundly influencing vital physical phenomena such as energy transfer, circulation evolution, and vertical mixing. This study employs the FVCOM (Finite Volume Community Ocean Model) regional ocean model to construct a three-dimensional dynamic model covering the northern South China Sea. The model was thoroughly validated using High-Frequency radar observations. This study employs the model to simulate the near-inertial motion stimulated by Typhoon Talim (No. 4, 2023) in the northern South China Sea. It focuses on investigating the triggering mechanism, duration, and decay process of near-inertial kinetic energy during the typhoon, providing scientific basis for understanding the characteristics of near-inertial motion in this region. The results indicate that the energy driving the quasi-inertial motion triggered by Typhoon Talim primarily originates from wind energy input. In offshore regions, the quasi-inertial motion dissipates mainly through vertical turbulent dissipation; while in coastal areas, near-inertial motion primarily dissipates through bottom friction. The vertical convective term plays a dominant role in energy dissipation. Regions with strong buoyancy frequencies exhibit significant density stratification, suppressing vertical mixing and turbulence development, resulting in slower near-inertial energy dissipation that can persist for about one week. Conversely, regions with weak buoyancy frequencies show weaker density stratification and enhanced vertical mixing, leading to faster near-inertial energy dissipation that can last for three days.

Key words: near-inertial motion, typhoon, FVCOM model, northern South China Sea