北海珍珠贝中真菌-细菌共生体多样性及对同源弧菌防御研究

doi:10.11978/2026058

热带海洋学报

北海珍珠贝中真菌-细菌共生体多样性及对同源弧菌防御研究

陈心仪^{1, 2, 3}，李蜜^{1, 2, 3}，兰建洲^{1, 2, 3}，梁丽仪^{1, 2, 3}，易湘茜^{1, 2, 3}，高程海^{1, 2, 3*}

1. 广西中医药大学,海洋药物研究院/药学院, 广西南宁 530200;

2. 广西海洋药物重点实验室/海洋中药资源高效利用广西高校工程研究中心, 广西南宁 530200;

3. 自然资源部北部湾海洋药物和生物制品开发利用工程技术创新中心, 广西南宁 530200

收稿日期:2026-03-30 修回日期:2026-05-26 接受日期:2026-06-03
通讯作者: 高程海
基金资助:
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA23073011); 2025年广西向海经济人才培养支持专项(2025XHRC27); 广西青年岐黄学者培养项目(GXQH202412); 广西中医药大学岐黄工程高层次人才团队培育项目资助(202404)

Study on Fungal-Bacterial Symbiosis Diversity and Defense Against Homologous Vibrio in Beihai Pearl Oyster

CHEN Xinyi^{1, 2, 3}, LI Mi^{1, 2, 3}, LAN Jianzhou^{1, 2, 3}, LIANG Liyi^{1, 2, 3}, YI Xiangxi^{1, 2, 3}, GAO Chenghai^{1, 2, 3*}

1. Institute of Marine Drugs, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine/Faculty of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530200;

2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs/Guangxi University Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Nanning, Guangxi 530200;

3. Beibu Gulf Marine Medicine and Bioproducts Engineering Technology Innovation Center, Nanning, Guangxi 530200

Received:2026-03-30 Revised:2026-05-26 Accepted:2026-06-03
Contact: Cheng-Hai
Supported by:
Guangxi Science and Technology Major Project (Guike AA23073011); 2025 Guangxi Talent Support Program for Marine-Oriented Economy Development (2025XHRC27); Guangxi Young Qihuang Scholars Training Program (GXQH202412); Qihuang Program High-Level Talent Team Cultivation Project of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine (202404)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探究广西北海涠洲岛-斜阳岛海域珍珠贝体内真菌–细菌共生体多样性及其对同源弧菌自然防御能力。选用5种真菌分离培养基和2种细菌分离培养基对6个不同采样点的珍珠贝样品中真菌-细菌共生体和弧菌进行分离纯化，采用真菌ITS引物测序进行真菌宿主多样性分析，通过16S rRNA细菌通用引物筛选内共生细菌，通过荧光染色法验证部分内共生细菌共生情况。以同源分离的致病性弧菌作为指示菌，利用琼脂块扩散法评估真菌-细菌共生体对同源弧菌的抑制能力。结果表明：（1）从北海珍珠贝中共筛选获得63对真菌－细菌共生体，其宿主真菌隶属于2门4纲11目18科23属44种，内共生细菌隶属于1门3纲8目11科18属26种。（2）通过活性筛选发现29对真菌-细菌共生体对至少一种弧菌表现出抑制作用，占共生体总数的46.03%，其中若干菌株具有广谱且显著的抑制活性，共生体GXIMD22849对珍珠贝来源四种弧菌抑菌圈直径达20mm。本研究阐释了珍珠贝通过真菌-细菌共生体对同源弧菌的自然防御，为理解海洋生物-微生物协同维持生态平衡的策略提供新见解。

关键词: 真菌-细菌共生体, 多样性, 抑制弧菌活性, 珍珠贝

Abstract: Investigation into the diversity of fungal-bacterial symbionts in pearl oysters from the Weizhou Island-Xieyang Island sea area of Beihai, Guangxi, and their natural defense capability against homologous Vibrio.Five fungal isolation media and two bacterial isolation media were used to isolate and purify fungal-bacterial symbionts and Vibrio species from pearl oyster samples collected from six different sampling sites. Fungal host diversity was analyzed by sequencing using fungal ITS primers, and endosymbiotic bacteria were screened using 16S rRNA universal bacterial primers. The symbiotic status of certain endosymbiotic bacteria was verified via fluorescent staining.Homologous pathogenic Vibrio strains were used as indicator bacteria to evaluate the inhibitory capability of fungal-bacterial symbionts against homologous Vibrio using the agar block diffusion method.The results showed that: (1) A total of 63 pairs of fungal-bacterial symbionts were screened from Beihai pearl oysters. Their host fungi belonged to 2 phyla, 4 classes, 11 orders, 18 families, 23 genera, and 44 species, while the endosymbiotic bacteria belonged to 1 phylum, 3 classes, 8 orders, 11 families, 18 genera, and 26 species.(2) Activity screening revealed that 29 pairs of fungal-bacterial symbionts exhibited inhibitory effects against at least one Vibrio strain, accounting for 46.03% of the total symbionts. Among them, several strains demonstrated broad-spectrum and significant inhibitory activities; the symbiont GXIMD22849 produced inhibition zones with diameters reaching 20 mm against four Vibrio strains isolated from pearl oysters.This study elucidates the natural defense of pearl oysters against homologous Vibrio through fungal-bacterial symbionts, providing new insights into understanding the strategies of marine organisms and microbes in synergistically maintaining ecological balance.

Key words: Fungal bacterial symbionts, diversity, anti-Vibrio activity, pearl oyster

陈心仪李蜜兰建洲梁丽仪易湘茜高程海. 北海珍珠贝中真菌-细菌共生体多样性及对同源弧菌防御研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 0, (): 1-.

CHEN Xinyi LI Mi LAN Jianzhou LIANG Liyi YI Xiangxi GAO Chenghai. Study on Fungal-Bacterial Symbiosis Diversity and Defense Against Homologous Vibrio in Beihai Pearl Oyster[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 0, (): 1-.

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