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热带海洋学报

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西沙中光层珊瑚礁科学调查实录

刘胜1,2, 林先智3, 4, 5, 王雷6, 王晓雪1,2
  

  1. 1 热带海洋环境与岛礁生态全国重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301;


    2 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;


    3. 热带海洋生物资源与生态实验室, 广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 510301;


    4. 海南三亚海洋生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 中国科学院海南热带海洋生物实验站, 海南 三亚 572000;


    5. 海南省热带海洋生物技术重点实验室, 三亚海洋生态环境与工程研究院, 海南 三亚 572000;


    6. 牟平海岸带环境综合试验站, 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所, 山东 烟台 264003


  • 收稿日期:2026-04-22 修回日期:2026-06-22 接受日期:2026-07-06
  • 通讯作者: 王晓雪
  • 基金资助:

     科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY100600); 热带海洋环境与岛礁生态全国重点实验室自主项目—实验平台建设项目(SKLTO2025PT002); 广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室运行经费(2023B1212060047); 国家自然基金专项项目(L2424234)

Record of Comprehensive Scientific Survey on Mesophotic Coral Reefs in the Xisha Islands

LIU Sheng 1, 2, LIN Xianzhi3, 4, 5, WANG Lei6, WANG Xiaoxue1,2    

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;


    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;


    3. Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China;


    4. National Field Observation and Research Station (Hainan Sanya) for Marine Ecosystem, Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China;


    5. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572000, China;


    6. Muping Coastal Environment Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai Shandong 264003, China


  • Received:2026-04-22 Revised:2026-06-22 Accepted:2026-07-06
  • Supported by:
    Science & Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program (Grant No.2022FY100600); The program of State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SKLTO2025PT002); Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China (2023B1212060047); Special Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(L2424234)

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摘要： 中光层珊瑚礁(Mesophotic coral reefs) 分布在大约30－150m之间，约占珊瑚礁栖息地面积的80%，受人类活动干扰较小，环境相对稳定，被认为是浅水珊瑚礁物种潜在“避难所”，对礁盘稳定、岛礁生态安全等具有重要支撑作用。其独特的环境也是新物种、新基因、新型天然产物与海洋药物的未知宝库。受技术方法、仪器设备等制约，我国在该领域的探索尚处起步阶段。随着国家海洋战略的深入推进，海洋科学研究正不断向着更远、更深的海域拓展。2022-2025年期间，在国家科技基础资源调查专项“西沙群岛深水珊瑚礁生物多样性及其特殊生境调查”项目的支持下，中国科学院南海海洋研究所联合国内院校优势力量，首次对西沙群岛中光层珊瑚礁展开了较系统的考察，调查共计4个航次/航段，时间超60天，考察人员总计达67人次，以期深入认知中光层生物多样性，探索生物与生境的关系，解析生物的适应性与分布格局等。相关考察工作为我国南海岛礁生态保护、经济开发和国防战略提供了基础资料和科学支撑。

关键词: 西沙群岛, 中光层, 珊瑚礁, 综合科学考察

Abstract: Mesophotic coral reefs, distributed at depths of approximately 30 to 150 meters, account for about 80% of coral reef habitats. They are less affected by natural disturbances such as thermal stress and cyclonic mixing, as well as human activities, resulting in a relatively stable habit for marine life. These reefs are considered potential "refuges" for shallow-water coral species and play a crucial role in maintaining the stable reef foundation and the ecological resilience of islands and reefs. This unique environment also represents an untapped reservoir of novel species, genes, natural products, and marine drugs. Limited by technical methods and equipment, China's exploration in this field is still in its early stages. With the continuous advancement of the national maritime strategy, oceanographic research is progressively extending into more remote and deeper waters. From 2022 to 2025, funded by National Science & Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program "Survey of Biodiversity and Special Habitats of Deep-water Coral Reefs in the Xisha Islands," the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with other leading institutions/universities, carried the first systematic investigation of mesophotic coral reefs in the Xisha Islands. The investigation included a total of four voyages, spanning over 60 days and involving 67 participants. The study aims to deepen the understanding of mesophotic biodiversity, explore the relationship between marine life and their habitats, and analyze biological adaptations and distribution patterns. The findings from this investigation will provide fundamental data and scientific support for ecological conservation, economic development, and national defense strategies in the South China Sea islands and reefs.

Key words: Xisha Islands, Mesophotic Zone, Coral Reefs, Comprehensive Scientific Survey