潜堤对岛礁次重力波波浪特性影响的试验研究

doi:10.11978/2024199

热带海洋学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 177-186.doi: 10.11978/2024199

潜堤对岛礁次重力波波浪特性影响的试验研究

李玮¹(), 屈科¹^,²^,³(), 王超¹, 喻仞石¹, 张泽¹

1.长沙理工大学水利与环境工程学院, 湖南长沙 410114
2.洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室, 湖南长沙 410114
3.水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室, 湖南长沙 410114

收稿日期:2024-10-21 修回日期:2024-11-29 出版日期:2025-07-10 发布日期:2025-07-31
通讯作者: 屈科
作者简介:
李玮(2001—), 男, 湖南省长沙市人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向：波浪水动力。email: 291982936@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFC3103601); 国家自然科学基金重点项目(51839002); 湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ20043); 长沙理工大学专业学位研究生“实践创新与创业能力提升计划”项目(CLSJCX24033)

Experimental study on the influence of submerged breakwater on the wave characteristics of infragravity waves on coral reefs

LI Wei¹(), QU Ke¹^,²^,³(), WANG Chao¹, YU Renshi¹, ZHANG Ze¹

1. School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
2. Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China
3. Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China

Received:2024-10-21 Revised:2024-11-29 Online:2025-07-10 Published:2025-07-31
Contact: QU Ke
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3103601); National Natural Science Foundation of China Key Project(51839002); Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project(2021JJ20043); "Practical Innovation and Entrepreneurial Ability Enhancement" Program of Postgraduates with Professional Degrees of Changsha University of Science and Technology(CLSJCX24033)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在南海地区, 部分珊瑚岛礁的填海造陆工程已完成, 但由于其特殊的地理环境, 这些岛礁容易受到海啸、风暴潮等自然灾害的威胁。鉴于岛礁自身的防护能力有限, 难以充分保障岛上人员和设施的安全, 因此在岛礁周边建造海岸防护措施尤为重要。本文基于波浪水槽试验, 系统研究了潜堤对次重力波作用下岛礁波浪传播特性及爬高的影响, 重点分析了潜堤对水动力特性、平均水位和波浪爬高的调控作用。研究结果表明, 潜堤显著改变了次重力波的动力学特性, 促使波浪提前破碎, 并在礁坪区域引起低频长波振幅的增加。同时, 潜堤对礁坪上平均水位的影响随有效波高和谱峰周期变化而显著, 表现为平均水位升高; 但当礁坪水深增加或潜堤位置前移时, 平均水位呈下降趋势。此外, 无论潜堤是否存在, 低频长波均是波浪爬高的主要贡献因素。然而, 随着潜堤位置靠近岛礁及礁坪水深增加, 短波爬高逐渐占据爬高组分的主导地位。

关键词: 岛礁, 潜堤, 次重力波, 水动力特性, 平均水位, 波浪爬高

Abstract:

In the South China Sea region, several coral reefs have undergone land reclamation projects. However, due to their unique geographical environment, these islands and reefs remain highly vulnerable to natural disasters such as tsunamis and storm surges. Given the limited protective capacity of the reefs themselves, ensuring the safety of personnel and infrastructure on these islands remains challenging. Therefore, constructing coastal protection measures around them is of critical importance. This study investigates the influence of submerged breakwaters on wave propagation characteristics and wave run-up under infragravity wave conditions through wave flume tests, focusing on the regulatory effects of submerged breakwaters on hydrodynamic characteristics, mean water levels, and wave run-up. The results reveal that submerged breakwaters significantly alter the hydrodynamic properties of infragravity waves, inducing earlier wave breaking and amplifying low-frequency wave amplitudes in the reef flat region. At the same time, the impact of submerged breakwaters on the mean water level in the reef flat is closely related to variations in significant wave height and spectral peak period, generally leading to an increase in mean water level. However, as reef flat water depth increases or the breakwater is positioned further offshore, the mean water level tends to decrease. Additionally, low-frequency waves consistently dominate the wave run-up contribution, regardless of the presence of the breakwater. Nevertheless, with the breakwater moving closer to the island or an increase in reef flat water depth, the contribution of short-wave run-up becomes more pronounced, eventually surpassing that of low-frequency wave run-up.

Key words: coral reefs, submerged breakwaters, infragravity waves, hydrodynamic characteristics, mean water level, wave run-up

中图分类号:

P731.22

李玮, 屈科, 王超, 喻仞石, 张泽. 潜堤对岛礁次重力波波浪特性影响的试验研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(4): 177-186.

LI Wei, QU Ke, WANG Chao, YU Renshi, ZHANG Ze. Experimental study on the influence of submerged breakwater on the wave characteristics of infragravity waves on coral reefs[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(4): 177-186.

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参考文献 19

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工况编号	有效波高H_s/m	礁坪水深h_r/m	谱峰周期T_p/s	潜堤位置X_bw/m	工况编号	有效波高H_s/m	礁坪水深h_r/m	谱峰周期T_p/s	潜堤位置X_bw/m
A1	0.04	0.015	1.5	0	B7	0.06	0.03	1.5	25.05
A2	0.06	0.015	1.5	0	B8	0.06	0.045	1.5	25.05
A3	0.08	0.015	1.5	0	C1	0.06	0.015	1	0
A4	0.10	0.015	1.5	0	C2	0.06	0.015	1.25	0
A5	0.04	0.015	1.5	25.05	C3	0.06	0.015	1.5	0
A6	0.06	0.015	1.5	25.05	C4	0.06	0.015	1.75	0
A7	0.08	0.015	1.5	25.05	C5	0.06	0.015	1	25.05
A8	0.10	0.015	1.5	25.05	C6	0.06	0.015	1.25	25.05
B1	0.06	0	1.5	0	C7	0.06	0.015	1.5	25.05
B2	0.06	0.015	1.5	0	C8	0.06	0.015	1.75	25.05
B3	0.06	0.03	1.5	0	D1	0.06	0.015	1.5	24.72
B4	0.06	0.045	1.5	0	D2	0.06	0.015	1.5	24.83
B5	0.06	0	1.5	25.05	D3	0.06	0.015	1.5	24.94
B6	0.06	0.015	1.5	25.05	D4	0.06	0.015	1.5	25.05

潜堤对岛礁次重力波波浪特性影响的试验研究

Experimental study on the influence of submerged breakwater on the wave characteristics of infragravity waves on coral reefs

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