方格星虫对碳和氮稳定同位素的分馏: 养殖试验与滩涂调查

doi:10.11978/2025105

热带海洋学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 143-152.doi: 10.11978/2025105CSTR: 32234.14.2025105

方格星虫对碳和氮稳定同位素的分馏: 养殖试验与滩涂调查

孟耀文¹(), 蒋艳², 刘旭佳², 蔡德建², 钟声平¹, 彭银辉³, 蔡小辉³, 陆洁⁴, 黄国强¹()

¹ 广西中医药大学海洋药物研究院, 广西海洋药物重点实验室, 海洋中药高效利用广西高校工程中心, 广西南宁 530200
² 广西海洋科学院(广西红树林研究中心), 广西南宁 530007
³ 北部湾大学海洋学院, 广西海洋生物多样性养护重点实验室, 广西钦州 535011
⁴ 广西海洋环境监测中心站, 广西北海 536000

收稿日期:2025-07-14 修回日期:2025-09-30 出版日期:2026-05-10 发布日期:2026-05-28
通讯作者: 黄国强(1973—), 男, 博士, 研究员, 主要从事水产养殖生态学研究。email: hugh7531@163.com
作者简介:
孟耀文(1998—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要从事海洋中药资源研究。 email: shpzhong@foxmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31160532); 广西海洋生物多样性养护重点实验室开放课题(2023KA01)

Fractionation of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in Sipunculus nudus: insights from aquaculture experiments and intertidal surveys

MENG Yaowen¹(), JIANG Yan², LIU Xujia², CAI Dejian², ZHONG Shengping¹, PENG Yinhui³, CAI Xiaohui³, LU Jie⁴, HUANG Guoqiang¹()

¹ University Engineering Research Center of High-efficient Utilization of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Guangxi; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Drug; Institute of Marine Drug, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
² Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences (Guangxi Mangrove Research Center), Nanning 530007, China
³ Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Science, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
⁴ Guangxi Marine Environment Monitoring Center Station, Beihai 536000, China

Received:2025-07-14 Revised:2025-09-30 Online:2026-05-10 Published:2026-05-28
Contact: HUANG Guoqiang. email: hugh7531@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(31160532); Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation (Beibu Gulf University)(2023KA01)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

底栖动物对饵料中碳和氮稳定同位素的分馏作用是应用稳定同位素技术进行营养生态学研究的基础。为查明方格星虫对广西北海市滩涂部分潜在饵料来源碳和氮稳定同位素的分馏系数, 本研究采用可控养殖试验测定了方格星虫对红树叶(mangrove leaf, ML)、条浒苔(Enteromorpha clathrata)、互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)、对虾饲料(shrimp feed)中的¹³C和¹⁵N的分馏系数, 并采用现场调查取样的方法计算了方格星虫对滩涂表层沉积物中¹³C和¹⁵N的分馏系数。结果表明, 方格星虫对4种潜在饵料的稳定同位素分馏系数Δ¹³C和Δ¹⁵N差异显著, Δ¹³C与试验初始时方格星虫的δ¹³C与饵料的δ¹³C差值显著正相关, Δ¹⁵N与饵料的C/N显著负相关。方格星虫对滩涂表层沉积物中稳定同位素分馏系数Δ¹³C范围为4.11‰~5.54‰, Δ¹⁵N范围为6.13‰~8.97‰, 均高于目前采用的分馏系数参考值。4种潜在饵料的δ¹³C、δ¹⁵N、C/N与滩涂表层沉积物差异较大, 表明红树林和互花米草的凋落物不是相邻滩涂有机碳和氮的主要来源, 而条浒苔和近岸虾池的排放可能成为滩涂表层沉积物有机碳和氮的直接来源。研究结果为开展方格星虫的营养生态学和在滩涂生源要素循环中的作用提供了参考。

关键词: 方格星虫, 稳定同位素, 分馏, 饵料, 沉积物

Abstract:

Understanding the fractionation of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes by benthic fauna in relation to food sources is fundamental to applying stable isotope techniques in trophic ecology research. To determine the isotopic fractionation coefficients (Δ¹³C and Δ¹⁵N) of Sipunculus nudus for potential food sources in the tidal flats of Beihai, Guangxi, a controlled feeding experiment was conducted. The experiment measured the fractionation coefficients of S. nudus for mangrove leaves, Enteromorpha clathrata, Spartina alterniflora, and shrimp feed. Additionally, field sampling was used to calculate the fractionation coefficients for surface sediment organic matter. The results showed significant differences in Δ¹³C and Δ¹⁵N among the four potential food sources. Δ¹³C exhibited a strong positive correlation with the initial δ¹³C difference between S. nudus and the food source. Δ¹⁵N was negatively correlated with the food source’s C/N ratio. For surface sediments, the fractionation coefficients of S. nudus ranged from 4.11‰ to 5.54‰ for Δ¹³C and 6.13‰ to 8.97‰ for Δ¹⁵N, both exceeding commonly referenced values. The δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, and C/N ratios of the four potential food sources differed significantly from those of tidal flat sediments, suggesting that mangrove and S. alterniflora detritus are not the primary direct sources of organic carbon and nitrogen in the adjacent tidal flats. Instead, E. clathrata and discharges from nearby shrimp ponds may contribute more directly to sedimentary organic matter. These findings provide critical insights into the trophic ecology of S. nudus and its role in the biogeochemical cycling of coastal ecosystems.

Key words: Sipunculus nudus, stable isotope, fractionation, feed, sediment

中图分类号:

S963.214

孟耀文, 蒋艳, 刘旭佳, 蔡德建, 钟声平, 彭银辉, 蔡小辉, 陆洁, 黄国强. 方格星虫对碳和氮稳定同位素的分馏: 养殖试验与滩涂调查[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2026, 45(3): 143-152.

MENG Yaowen, JIANG Yan, LIU Xujia, CAI Dejian, ZHONG Shengping, PENG Yinhui, CAI Xiaohui, LU Jie, HUANG Guoqiang. Fractionation of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in Sipunculus nudus: insights from aquaculture experiments and intertidal surveys[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2026, 45(3): 143-152.

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饵料种类	δ¹³C / ‰	C / %	δ¹⁵N / ‰	N / %	C/N
红树叶	-28.36±0.33^a	46.91±1.63^c	8.99±0.26^b	1.04 ± 0.11^a	45.11 ± 1.39^c
互花米草	-13.89±0.19^c	41.31±1.81^c	9.38±0.23^b	0.99 ± 0.09^a	41.73 ± 1.71^c
条浒苔	-15.62±0.21^c	29.28±0.95^b	10.84 ± 0.41^b	3.54 ± 0.17^b	8.27 ± 0.77^b
对虾饲料	-24.29±0.41^b	42.97±1.52^c	5.30 ± 0.18^a	7.20 ± 1.26^c	5.97 ± 0.46^b
初始方格星虫	-14.25±0.25^c	25.63±0.58^a	6.12±0.21^a	4.84±0.19^bc	5.30 ± 0.28^a

饵料种类	δ¹³C / ‰	C / %	δ¹⁵N / ‰	N / %
红树叶	-16.13±0.48^a	24.40±0.65^a	8.95±0.44^b	7.26±0.20^a
互花米草	-13.53±0.18^b	25.61±0.89^a	8.80±0.26^b	7.73±0.26^a
条浒苔	-14.07±0.24^b	23.30±1.43^a	12.03±0.27^c	7.12±0.44^a
对虾饲料	-14.09±0.09^b	32.66±1.72^b	6.78±0.70^a	10.26±0.57^b

饵料	Δδ¹³C	Δδ¹⁵N	δ¹³C_f- δ¹³C_i	δ¹³C_i- δ¹³C_d	δ¹⁵N_f- δ¹⁵N_i	δ¹⁵N_i- δ¹⁵N_d
红树叶	12.22±0.49^d	-0.04±0.44^a	1.88±1.07^b	14.11±1.36^c	2.83±0.96^b	-2.87±0.23^b
互花米草	0.36±0.18^a	-0.58±0.26^ab	0.71±0.40^ab	-0.36±0.17^a	2.67±0.58^b	-3.26±0.15^b
条浒苔	1.55±0.24^b	1.19±0.27^b	0.18±0.54^a	1.37±0.28^b	5.91±0.61^c	-4.72±0.24^c
对虾饲料	10.20±0.09^c	1.48±0.70^b	0.25±0.30^a	10.04±2.13^c	0.72±1.41^a	0.82±0.11^a

		δ¹³C/‰	C/%	δ¹⁵N/‰	N/%	C/N	δ¹³C_f- δ¹³C_i	δ¹³C_i- δ¹³C_d	δ¹⁵N_f- δ¹⁵N_i	δ¹⁵N_i- δ¹⁵N_d
Δδ¹³C	R	-0.994^**	0.700	-0.609	0.272	0.067	0.544	0.994^**	-0.563	0.609
Δδ¹³C	P	-0.006	0.300	0.391	0.728	0.933	0.456	0.006	0.437	0.391
Δδ¹⁵N	R	-0.159	-0.431	-0.395	0.894	-0.955^*	-0.626	0.159	0.035	0.395
Δδ¹⁵N	P	0.841	0.569	0.605	0.106	0.045	0.374	0.841	0.965	0.605

地点	δ¹³C/‰	C含量/%	δ¹⁵N/‰	N含量/%
山口镇英罗村	-10.70±0.14^a	45.01±0.66^a	12.50±0.15^c	13.30±0.31^a
兴港镇北暮盐场	-11.68±0.12^b	45.15±0.30^a	12.28±0.12^c	13.42±0.17^a
营盘镇青山头村	-10.83±0.15^a	45.54±0.28^a	9.36±0.38^a	13.02±0.31^a
福成镇竹林盐场	-10.69±0.13^a	42.89±2.64^a	10.40±0.17^b	13.54±0.21^a
银滩镇大冠沙	-11.09±0.11^a	45.10±0.25^a	10.53±0.29^b	12.93±0.24^a

方格星虫对碳和氮稳定同位素的分馏: 养殖试验与滩涂调查

Fractionation of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in Sipunculus nudus: insights from aquaculture experiments and intertidal surveys

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地点	δ¹³C/‰	C含量/%	δ¹⁵N/‰	N含量/%	C/N
山口镇英罗村	-16.23±0.24^a	0.117±0.008^a	3.88±0.26^a	0.035±0.002^a	3.34±0.36^ab
兴港镇北暮盐场	-15.98±0.29^a	0.110±0.006^a	3.31±0.24^a	0.043±0.003^a	2.56±0.29^a
营盘镇青山头村	-15.11±0.43^a	0.149±0.008^a	3.15±0.18^a	0.040±0.003^a	3.73±0.43^b
福成镇竹林盐场	-15.19±0.44^a	0.170±0.024^a	3.62±0.24^a	0.047±0.005^a	3.62±0.27^b
银滩镇大冠沙	-15.42±0.17^a	0.129±0.020^a	3.37±0.32^a	0.036±0.004^a	3.58±0.24^ab

地点	Δδ¹³C	Δδ¹⁵N	δ¹³C_f- δ¹³C_i	δ¹³C_i- δ¹³C_s	δ¹⁵N_f- δ¹⁵N_i	δ¹⁵N_i- δ¹⁵N_s
山口镇英罗村	5.54±0.34^a	8.62±0.32^b	3.55±0.22^b	1.98±0.09^b	6.38±0.41^c	2.24±0.15^a
兴港镇北暮盐场	4.30±0.31^a	8.97±0.24^b	2.57±0.19^a	1.73±0.11^b	6.16±0.32^c	2.81±0.19^a
营盘镇青山头村	4.36±0.49^a	6.13±0.35^a	3.42±0.21^b	0.86±0.08^a	3.24±0.36^a	2.97±0.23^a
福成镇竹林盐场	4.65±0.23^a	7.04±0.33^a	3.56±0.34^b	0.94±0.07^a	4.28±0.18^b	2.50±0.14^a
银滩镇大冠沙	4.11±0.43^a	6.90±0.27^a	3.16±0.16^ab	1.17±0.09^a	4.41±0.23^b	2.75±0.17^a

		δ¹³C/‰	C含量/%	δ¹⁵N/‰	N含量/%	C/N	δ¹³C_f- δ¹³C_i	δ¹³C_i- δ¹³C_s	δ¹⁵N_f- δ¹⁵N_i	δ¹⁵N_i- δ¹⁵N_s
Δδ¹³C	R	-0.593	-0.146	0.876	-0.293	0.035	0.540	0.593	0.537	-0.876
Δδ¹³C	P	0.292	0.815	0.051	0.633	0.955	0.347	0.292	0.351	0.051
Δδ¹⁵N	R	-0.932^*	-0.746	0.471	-0.085	-0.856	-0.492	0.932^*	0.983^**	-0.471
Δδ¹⁵N	P	0.021	0.148	0.423	0.892	0.064	0.400	0.021	0.003	0.423

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