红树林对规则波作用下岸滩剖面变化影响实验研究

doi:10.11978/2016013

Abstract

Abstract:

Mangroves are widely distributed in the coastal areas of South China, which can effectively reduce the damage by waves to the beach; therefore, it is significant to study the effect of the changes on the beach profile under the influence of regular waves. Based on the wave flume experiment, the PVC tubes are generally chosen to simulate mangroves, and cohesionless sand is selected to generate the beach whose combination slope is 1/10~1/20. The results of the experiment show that when there are mangroves, it has a large influence on the beach slope change under the action of regular waves; and the steepness of regular waves, as well as the distribution density and the arrangement of mangroves, are analyzed. Based on the experimental data, the relationships among the beach erosion scale, deposition scale, the maximum scour depth, the maximum deposition height, and the steepness of regular waves, the distribution density, the arrangement of the mangroves are established, whose relationship is an exponential function. The function reveals the relationship between the variation of beach profile and the hydrodynamic characteristics of regular waves, mangroves, the sediment particles, and the beach slope. With the introduction of the comprehensive coefficient of the plants, the characteristic value of beach erosion and deposition under a given regular wave is predicted, which provides a scientific basis for the construction of coastal protection engineering.

Key words: regular wave, mangrove, plant distribution density, plant coefficient of arrangement, variation of beach profile

Changbo JIANG, Zhe GUAN, Jie CHEN, Yu XIAO, Qingyang GAO, Yiqiu CUI, Cheng CAO. Experimental study on changes of cross-shore beach profile by regular waves under the influence of mangroves[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2017, 36(1): 95-105.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 1

Description of models"

模型	植物排列方式	a、b取值(l=2.5cm)	植物平均间距 $i ?$ /cm	植物分布密度φ	植物排列系数 $ψ$
M1	矩形排列方式	(a=b=l)	2.50	0.1243	60.80
M2	矩形排列方式	(a=2l, b=l)	3.54	0.0621	15.16
M3	菱形排列方式	(a= $2$ l, b=l)	2.97	0.0475	16.44
M4	矩形排列方式	(a=b=2l)	5.00	0.0311	3.80

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Tab. 3

Fig. 9

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组次	岸滩冲刷坑尺度A_e/H²				岸滩淤积沙坝尺度A_d/H²				最大冲刷深度d_{e max/H}				最大淤积高度d_{d max/H}
组次	实测值	拟合值		绝对误差	实测值	拟合值		绝对误差	实测值	拟合值		绝对误差	实测值	拟合值		绝对误差
4	1.976	2.005		0.030	1.913	2.030		0.117	0.380	0.294		0.086	0.475	0.415		0.060
5	1.163	0.885		0.278	0.564	0.990		0.426	0.162	0.171		0.009	0.239	0.284		0.045
6	0.237	0.495		0.258	0.488	0.595		0.107	0.100	0.116		0.016	0.094	0.217		0.122
7	1.788	1.942		0.154	3.181	2.331		0.850	0.310	0.271		0.039	0.545	0.452		0.093
8	0.924	0.857		0.067	0.761	1.137		0.377	0.130	0.158		0.028	0.280	0.309		0.029
9	0.722	0.480		0.242	0.580	0.684		0.103	0.180	0.107		0.073	0.196	0.236		0.040
10	3.033	2.947		0.086	1.641	1.744		0.103	0.300	0.275		0.025	0.330	0.410		0.080
11	0.947	1.300		0.353	0.787	0.851		0.064	0.139	0.160		0.021	0.326	0.280		0.046
12	0.995	0.728		0.267	0.986	0.511		0.474	0.238	0.109		0.129	0.300	0.214		0.086
13	2.079	1.882		0.197	2.225	2.676		0.451	0.322	0.251		0.071	0.427	0.492		0.065
14	0.190	0.830		0.641	1.417	1.306		0.111	0.086	0.146		0.060	0.314	0.336		0.022
15	0.930	0.465		0.465	1.224	0.785		0.439	0.170	0.099		0.071	0.354	0.257		0.097
误差统计	A_e/H²				A_d/H²				d_{e max/H}				d_{d max/H}
	误差平方和		均方根误差		误差平方和		均方根误差		误差平方和		均方根误差		误差平方和		均方根误差
	1.101		0.303		1.730		0.380		0.047		0.063		0.062		0.072

Experimental study on changes of cross-shore beach profile by regular waves under the influence of mangroves

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Figures/Tables 12

References 32

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组次	模型	波高/m	波陡H/L	密度φ	排列系数ψ
1	无	0.06	0.0421	—	—
2	无	0.09	0.0632	—	—
3	无	0.12	0.0843	—	—
4	M1	0.06	0.0421	0.1243	60.80
5	M1	0.09	0.0632	0.1243	60.80
6	M1	0.12	0.0843	0.1243	60.80
7	M2	0.06	0.0421	0.0621	15.16
8	M2	0.09	0.0632	0.0621	15.16
9	M2	0.12	0.0843	0.0621	15.16
10	M3	0.06	0.0421	0.0475	16.44
11	M3	0.09	0.0632	0.0475	16.44
12	M3	0.12	0.0843	0.0475	16.44
13	M4	0.06	0.0421	0.0311	3.80
14	M4	0.09	0.0632	0.0311	3.80
15	M4	0.12	0.0843	0.0311	3.80

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