伶仃洋洪季潮波传播变形及不对称性规律分析

doi:10.11978/2019061

Abstract

Abstract:

Tidal wave propagation and tidal asymmetry in the Pearl River Estuary and Lingding Bay water areas affect estuarine dynamic environment and material transport in the areas. Based on tidal level statistics during June 2011 to July 2011 measured by stations set up in four east estuaries in the Pearl River and Lingding Bay, the theory of convergent estuarine tidal amplitude along the way is used for obtaining an analytic solution, and characteristics of tidal wave propagating from Guishan Island toward upstream is illustrated. Based on harmonic analysis, theory of skewness and method of constituent combination, tidal asymmetry distribution characteristics of east and west coasts in Lingding Bay, Hongqi outlet and Jiao outlet are explained; contrasts with analytical results, main control factors and response regulation of water area between Lingding Bay to Hu Estuary are noted. Our research shows that in Lingding Bay, which is approximately consistent with exponential convergent estuary, the tidal amplitude nearly accords with the change rule of the tidal amplitude analytical solution in exponential convergent estuary. The reason why tidal amplitude in the east coast being higher than in the west coast is that the water depth of the east coast is larger than that of the west coast; secondly, tidal amplitude is impacted by the Coriolis force. Although propagating wave is influenced by roughness consumes energy, and by energy transfer among constituents with different frequencies caused by nonliner effect, the convergence effect of convergent estuary can make sure that amplitudes of astronomical constituents keep steady even rise up in convergent segment, and the impact extent of convergence effect in semi-diurnal constituent is larger than that in diurnal constituent. Each nonliner term’s effect promotes the generation of shallow water constituent and increases energy continuously, making amplitude of shallow water constituent rising within a distance. Skewness of tidal asymmetry changes from ebb dominance in bay mouth to flood dominance in bay bottom, and transform to flood dominance at the line of Chiwan to Jinxing Port, which is located in the middle of Lingding Bay. It suggests that the decrease of ebb dominance asymmetry, which is caused by interaction of astronomical constituents K₁-O₁-M₂ with different frequency, and the increase of flood dominance asymmetry, which is caused by interaction of astronomical constituent M₂ with its shallow water overtide M_4,leads to the phenomenon. Water depth is the most important factor, which influences tidal asymmetry in properties of a convergent estuary.

Key words: estuarine form, exponential converging channel, harmonic analysis, tidal asymmetry, Lingding bay

CLC Number:

P731.23

TONG Chaofeng, SI Jialin, ZHANG Wei, GAO Xiangyu. Analysis of tidal wave propagation distortion and asymmetry in Lingding Bay during wet season[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2020, 39(1): 36-52.

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References 19

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位置	测站名称	涨潮历时与落潮历时比值	潮差/m
伶仃洋东岸	桂山岛	1.01	1.09
	内伶仃	0.91	1.31
	赤湾	0.86	1.34
	大铲码头	0.86	1.41
	正强码头	0.76	1.57
	舢板洲	0.74	1.55
	仙屋角	0.73	1.61
伶仃洋西岸	九洲港	0.95	1.12
	金星港	0.97	1.22
	横门东	0.79	1.26
	龙穴南	0.61	1.41
	南沙	0.60	1.39
洪奇门	万顷沙西	0.65	1.26
	冯马庙	0.62	1.23
	板沙尾	0.58	1.17
横门	横门	0.65	1.19
	中山港大桥	0.61	1.00
	马鞍	0.56	0.86
	小榄	0.52	0.67

Analysis of tidal wave propagation distortion and asymmetry in Lingding Bay during wet season

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组次	河型属性				边界条件
组次	糙率曼宁参数 M/ (m^1/3·s^-1)	收缩参数L_b/km	收缩段长度L_s/km	水深h/m	上游流量Q/(m³·s^-1)	外海边界
0	60	30	60	5.5	100	${{a}_{{{K}_{1}}}}$=0.50m ${{a}_{{{\text{O}}_{1}}}}$=0.30m ${{a}_{{{\text{M}}_{\text{2}}}}}$=0.50m ${{a}_{{{\text{S}}_{\text{2}}}}}$=0.15m ${{g}_{{{\text{K}}_{\text{1}}}}}$=175.90° ${{g}_{{{\text{O}}_{\text{1}}}}}$=139.96° ${{g}_{{{\text{M}}_{\text{2}}}}}$=44.67° ${{g}_{{{\text{S}}_{\text{2}}}}}$=65.11°
1	50	30	60	5.5	100
	40	30	60	5.5	100
	30	30	60	5.5	100
2	60	20	42	5.5	100
	60	40	84	5.5	100
	60	50	105	5.5	100
	60	30	60	3	100
3	60	30	60	10	100
	60	30	60	15	100
	60	30	60	5.5	2000
4	60	30	60	5.5	3000
	60	30	60	5.5	5000
备注			收缩至等宽段宽度 5 km

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