Fig. 1

Comparison of wind stress used in CR and EXP. Taking the climatological wind stress on the first day in the western basin as an example, the black arrows in (a) and the blue arrows in (b) show the wind stress in CR and EXP, respectively. The red arrows in (b) present the difference of wind stress between CR and EXP"

Fig. 2

Monthly climatological wind stress (vectors; unit: N·m-2) and WSC (color fill; unit: ×10-8N·m-3) from CCMP2"

Fig. 3

Evolution of monthly climatological sea surface height anomaly (color; unit: cm) and current averaged at the upper 100 m (vector; unit: m·s-1) during April—November from ORAS4"

Fig. 4

The meridional velocity at 7°N in May, July, September, and November from ORAS4 (the 1st row), HYCOM (the 2nd row), and BRAN (the 3rd row). Unit: m·s-1"

Fig. 5

Evolution of monthly climatological sea surface height anomaly (color; unit: cm) and current averaged at the upper 100 m (vector; unit: m·s-1) during April—November from the control experiment CR of 1.5-layer model with 12 months"

Fig. 6

The differences between the control experiment CR of 1.5-layer model (Fig. 5) and ORAS4 (Fig. 3) during April—November"

Fig. 7

Evolution of monthly climatological sea surface height anomaly (color; unit: cm) and current averaged at the upper 100 m (vector; unit: m·s-1) during April—November from the experiment EXP of 1.5-layer model. The red box in the first subplot shows the region where the wind stress is removed"

Fig. 8

Monthly meridional transport (in Sv) along 7°N integrated from the eastern boundary from CR (a), EXP (b), and the difference between CR and EXP (c). The contour interval is 2Sv"