Fig. 1

Water depth in the largest model domain with a horizontal resolution of 7.5 km (a), and in the sub-region with a horizontal resolution of 1.5 km (b)"

Fig. 2

Horizontal distributions ofζ/f, δ/f, and S/f in the 10 m layer of the model. An instantaneous image taken on January 15 (a~c), and on July 15 (d~f)"

Fig. 3

The variations of averaged ζ/f, δ/f, and S/f over time and depth in different regions. The black curve shows the variation of the averaged mixed-layer depth over time"

Tab. 1

Seasonal averages of characteristic parameters of different regions in the upper 50 m"

Fig. 4

PDF curves of ζ/f, δ/f, and S/f in January and July. The numbers in the relative vorticity images are the skewness coefficients of PDF in different months"

Fig. 5

Variations of skewness coefficient and standard deviation of ζ/f with depth in each region"

Fig. 6

Joint probability density distributions of S/f, ζ/f in different regions in January and July"

Fig. 7

Horizontal distributions of q and its components in different seasons at 10 m. The time in (a~c) and (d~f) is consistent with that in Fig. 2. S1, S2, and S3 are the typical sections selected"

Fig. 8

Distributions of q and its components at S1, S2, and S3. The dashed line shows the mixed-layer depth at each section, and the solid contours are isopyrdensity lines"

Fig. 9

Variations of averaged PKE and BSK in each region over time. Panels from top to bottom correspond to regions R1~R4, respectively. The black curve shows the variation of regionally averaged mixed-layer depth over time"

Fig. 10

Variations of HRS and VRS in different regions over time. Panels from top to bottom correspond to regions R1~R4, respectively. The black curve shows the variation of regionally averaged mixed-layer depth over time"

Fig. 11

Variations of averaged EKE, SMKE, and the sum of BSK and PKE in the upper 50 m depth of different regions"