Fig. 1

The location of study area. The red dots represent the tide gauge stations provided by the U.K. Hydrographic Office, and the black dots are the sampling sites of the experimental water level"

Fig. 2

The calculation grid of model in the Bay of Bengal"

Fig. 3

Bathymetric map of controlled and comparative experiments. (a-c) Bathymetry map of experiments 1-3; (d-e) bathymetry map of the widened eastern and western continental shelfs of experiments 4, respectively. The box is an illustration of the Ganga Trough filling area; the arrow shows the direction of continental shelf widening"

Fig. 4

Tidal types in the Bay of Bengal"

Fig. 5

Co-tidal of the M2 tidal component in the Bay of Bengal. The arrow shows the direction of tidal wave transmission"

Tab. 1

Verification of the M2 tidal component amplitude and phase lag in the Bay of Bengal"

Fig. 6

Surface tidal current ellipse of the M2 tidal component in the Bay of Bengal. In the figure, the blue indicates that the point is rotating clockwise and the red is rotating counterclockwise"

Fig. 7

Distribution of tidal residual current in the Bay of Bengal"

Fig. 8

Tidal component results of M2 from the closed Ganga Trough test. (a) co-tidal map; (b) surface tidal current ellipse; (c) distribution of tidal residual current"

Fig. 9

Tidal component results of M2 from the top shelf widening test. (a) co-tidal map; (b) surface tidal current ellipse; (c) distribution of tidal residual current"

Fig. 10

Tidal component results of M2 from the east shelf widening test. (a) co-tidal map; (b) surface tidal current ellipse; (c) distribution of tidal residual current"

Fig. 11

Tidal component results of M2 from the west shelf widening test. (a) co-tidal map; (b) surface tidal current ellipse; (c) distribution of tidal residual current"

Fig. 12

The sea water level changes at the S1、S2、S3 experimental stations"