基于声学背散射数据的南海北部东沙海域内孤立波特征研究*

doi:10.11978/2025010

Abstract

Abstract:

Internal solitary waves (ISWs) west of Dongsha islands in the northern South China Sea (SCS) were studied using acoustic backscatter data collected in August 2021. Satellite images and XBT profiles obtained simultaneously were integrated to analyze the propagation and evolution processes of ISWs at depths 110~180 m. A comparison between acoustic backscatter images and concurrent XBT profiles revealed that acoustic imaging captured fine-scale water structures with minimal discrepancies in the upper 150 m. The acoustic section captured three soliton trains (ISW1, ISW2, and ISW3) with distinct vertical and horizontal scales of -20~30 m and -160~380 m, respectively. Their propagation speeds were 1.0, 1.2, and 1.5 m·s^-1, respectively. The observed characteristics of ISWs align more closely with predictions from theoretical two-layer Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) models. ISW1 displays complex waveform characteristics, while ISW3 exhibits an asymmetric waveform structure influenced by slope topography, suggesting strong dissipation in both cases. The combination of high-resolution acoustic and hydrographic techniques provides a comprehensive approach to overcoming the limitations of single-instrument measurements, enhancing our understanding of the complex propagation processes of ISWs in the northern SCS.

Key words: internal solitary waves, acoustic backscatter data, northern South China Sea, evolutionary processes

CLC Number:

P731.24

XIONG Xin, FENG Yingci, YANG Renhui, SUN Jie, LI Jian, ZHAN Wenhuan, LYU Kaiyun. Study on the characteristics of internal solitary waves in the Dongsha area of the northern South China Sea based on acoustic backscatter data^*[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(3): 14-23.

Figures/Tables 10

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内孤立波	经度	纬度	时间	水深/m	振幅/m
ISW1	115°30′06.7″E	21°18′55.3″N	10:16:37	114.3	20
ISW2	115°29'40.5″E	21°03'37.3″N	11:06:49	119.8	31
ISW3	115°33'01.6″E	20°56'45.6″N	12:43:04	179.0	19

ISW	观测振幅 /m	观测半波宽度 /m	校正后半波宽度 L/m	观测传播速度 /(m·s^-1)	理论计算模型	理论特征宽度Δ/m	解析比L/Δ (理论值1.76)	模型理论传播速度/(m·s^-1)
ISW2	31	155	168	1.2	双层KdV模型	94	1.79	1.0
					双层eKdV模型	80	2.10	0.8
					连续层结KdV模型	52	3.23	0.7
ISW3	19	307	380	1.5	双层KdV模型	209	1.82	1.1
					双层eKdV模型	126	3.01	1.0
					连续层结KdV模型	285	1.33	0.6

Study on the characteristics of internal solitary waves in the Dongsha area of the northern South China Sea based on acoustic backscatter data^*

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Study on the characteristics of internal solitary waves in the Dongsha area of the northern South China Sea based on acoustic backscatter data*

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Study on the characteristics of internal solitary waves in the Dongsha area of the northern South China Sea based on acoustic backscatter data^*