广海湾海域潮位多峰特征及原因分析

doi:10.11978/2025044

Abstract

Abstract:

During the summer tide observation near Guanghai Bay (GB) in 2024, it was found that there were multiple peaks during low-high tide periods in the area. This abnormal tidal characteristics have caused certain difficulties for engineering applications. The causes of this multi-peak phenomenon were explored through tidal level reconstruction, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation. The main reason is believed to be the high proportion of quarter-diurnal tidal components in this sea area. The interaction among diurnal, semi-diurnal, and quarter-diurnal tidal components leads to this multi-peak occurrence. By modifying factors such as tidal boundaries, nearshore water depth, and topography, numerical models were constructed to explore the reasons for the large amplitude of M4 tidal component. The results indicate that the background amplitude of M4 tidal component near GB is generally large, with the amplitude ratio of M4/M2 approaching the critical condition for multi-peak phenomena. The unique island and nearshore shallow topography further increase the amplitude of shallow-water tidal components in GB, forming the observed multi-peak phenomenon at the low-high tide. The research explains the multi-peak tidal level phenomenon in this sea area and provides theoretical support for the application of tidal levels in ecological protection, navigation, and nearshore engineering in nearby waters.

Key words: Guanghai Bay, multi-peak tides, harmonic analysis, quarter-diurnal tides, numerical simulation

CLC Number:

QIAO Guangquan, XU Rungang. Multi-peak characteristics and cause analysis of tidal levels in Guanghai Bay[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(6): 12-20.

Figures/Tables 10

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References 14

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分潮	T1		T2		T3
分潮	振幅/cm	迟角/°	振幅/cm	迟角/°	振幅/cm	迟角/°
Q1	8.5	148	8.5	143	8	141
O1	40.8	151	40.2	148	38.2	145
K1	47	191	45.9	188	44.7	185
P1	14.9	186	14.6	183	14.1	180
N2	12.6	60	11.7	53	11.3	51
M2	62.6	64	59.7	58	55.8	54
S2	32	94	29.8	88	27.2	83
K2	9.1	97	8.5	91	7.7	86
MN4	1.5	61	2.6	16	5.1	350
M4	4.4	60	7.8	24	14.2	7
MS4	2.6	149	4.1	104	8.8	78
M6	0.6	221	0.6	9	2.8	94

	边界分潮数量	地形	岛屿	节点数	网格数
算例1	13个	自然地形	保留	41451	79956
算例2	9个(无浅水分潮)	自然地形	保留
算例3	13个	等深线与海岸大致平行	保留
算例4	13个	等深线与海岸大致平行	取消	25603	49393

分潮	振幅/cm						迟角/°
	T1		T2		T3		T1		T2		T3
	数模	误差	数模	误差	数模	误差	数模	误差	数模	误差	数模	误差
Q1	8.8	0.3	8.8	0.3	7.8	-0.2	149	1	144	1	148	7
O1	41.3	0.5	41.3	1.1	39.9	1.7	152	1	147	-1	148	3
K1	46.7	-0.3	46.7	0.8	43.9	-0.8	191	0	187	-1	187	2
P1	15.1	0.2	15.1	0.5	14.0	-0.1	186	0	182	-1	181	1
N2	13.1	0.5	12.1	0.4	11.7	0.4	59	-1	60	7	52	1
M2	62.3	-0.3	62.3	2.6	57.1	1.3	63	-1	62	4	58	4
S2	33.0	1.8	31.8	2.0	26.9	-0.3	93	-1	91	3	81	-2
K2	10.0	0.9	10.0	1.5	7.9	0.2	96	-1	93	2	84	-2
MN4	1.9	0.4	3.1	0.5	4.9	-0.2	59	-2	22	6	354	4
M4	5.0	0.6	8.5	0.7	14.5	0.3	61	1	23	-1	358	-9
MS4	2.6	0.0	4.4	0.3	7.0	-1.8	151	2	110	6	83	5
M6	0.6	0.0	1.5	0.9	3.1	0.3	223	2	9	0	97	3

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Multi-peak characteristics and cause analysis of tidal levels in Guanghai Bay

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