涠洲岛滨珊瑚骨骼生长率变化对气候变暖和极端事件增加的响应

doi:10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2013.05.011

热带海洋学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 79-84.doi: 10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2013.05.011cstr: 32234.14.j.issn.1009-5470.2013.05.011

涠洲岛滨珊瑚骨骼生长率变化对气候变暖和极端事件增加的响应

陈天然¹, 郑兆勇², 莫少华³, 周雄³, 陈特固¹

1. 中国科学院边缘海地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东广州 510301; 2. 国家海洋局南海分局, 广东广州 510310; 3. 国家海洋局北海海洋环境监测中心站, 广西北海 536000

收稿日期:2012-05-21 修回日期:2012-06-06 出版日期:2013-11-21 发布日期:2013-11-21
作者简介:陈天然(1981—), 男, 江苏省镇江市人, 博士, 副研究员, 主要从事珊瑚礁地质地球化学及其环境记录研究。E-mail: chentianran@scsio.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划(“973”)项目(2013CB956104)

Variation of skeletal extension rate for Porites corals around Weizhou Island in response to global warming and increase of extreme events

CHEN Tian-ran¹, ZHENG Zhao-yong², MO Shao-hua³, ZHOU Xiong³, CHEN Te-gu¹

1. Key laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; 2. South China Sea Branch, State Oceanic Administration, Guangzhou 510300, China; 3. Beihai Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Beihai 536000, China

Received:2012-05-21 Revised:2012-06-06 Online:2013-11-21 Published:2013-11-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 较高纬度海域的珊瑚礁能否成为气候变暖背景下珊瑚物种的“避难所”仍不明确, 在南海的相关研究更是稀少。文章通过X光照相的方法, 测定了采自涠洲岛的滨珊瑚Porites样品的骨骼生长率; 利用涠洲岛表层水温(SST)资料, 分析了SST上升速率, 并计算出周热度指数和正、负水温异常值, 清晰地展现历史上该海域的极端高、低温事件; 结合滨珊瑚骨骼生长率和水温参数的变化, 研究涠洲岛滨珊瑚对全球变暖以及历史极端事件的响应和记录, 并以此为例探讨南海北部较高纬度海域珊瑚对气候变暖和极端事件增加的响应。研究结果显示, 采集的滨珊瑚年龄覆盖27年, 即1984—2010年, 其平均骨骼生长率为6.3mm·a^-1, 变化于3.1—9.9mm·a^-1之间。所有滨珊瑚的骨骼生长率一致呈现出下降的趋势, 特别是在1997年后比之前下降了26%。气候变暖、SST快速上升以及极端气候事件增加导致了涠洲岛乃至全球范围内珊瑚生长率的下降。较高纬度海域的珊瑚应对气候持续、快速变暖的能力表现得较弱, 尤其是面对极端事件频发的情况时其脆弱性更加显著。

关键词: 滨珊瑚, 骨骼生长率, 全球变暖, 极端事件, 涠洲岛, 南海北部, 相对高纬度

Abstract: Whether or not relatively higher latitude areas, say in the northern South China Sea, can become coral refuges under global warming is not clear, due to limited study cases. In this paper, we determined the skeletal extension rate of Poritescorals collected around Weizhou Island using X-ray photography. Using sea surface temperature (SST) data recorded at Weizhou Island, we calculated the degree heating weeks (DHW) and the positive and negative SST_anomalies ??(±SST anomalies), which revealed historical extreme high and low temperature events more clearly. We combined coral skeletal extension rate with the SST_anomalies and DHW and analyzed the variation of skeletal extension rate in response to global warming and increase of extreme events, and further explored the ‘refuge theory’ in the relatively higher latitude corals from the northern South China Sea. The Poritescorals were 27 years old, from 1984 to 2010. The skeletal growth rates ranged from 3.1 to 9.9 mm·year^-1, with an averaged rate of 6.3 mm·year^-1. The variation of skeletal growth rate for all Poritescorals collected consistently showed a downward trend, especially after 1997, decreased by 26% compared to the previous years from 1984-1997. Global warming, rapidly increasing SST, and increased extreme events caused the decline of skeletal growth rate of global corals, including corals from Weizhou Island. The relatively higher latitude corals in the South China Sea are vulnerable in the face of rapid climate change, especially the frequent extreme events.

Key words: Porites, skeletal extension rate, global warming, extreme event, Weizhou Island, northern South China Sea, relatively higher latitude

中图分类号:

P736

陈天然, 郑兆勇, 莫少华, 周雄, 陈特固. 涠洲岛滨珊瑚骨骼生长率变化对气候变暖和极端事件增加的响应[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2013, 32(5): 79-84.

CHEN Tian-ran, ZHENG Zhao-yong, MO Shao-hua, ZHOU Xiong, CHEN Te-gu. Variation of skeletal extension rate for Porites corals around Weizhou Island in response to global warming and increase of extreme events[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2013, 32(5): 79-84.

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涠洲岛滨珊瑚骨骼生长率变化对气候变暖和极端事件增加的响应

Variation of skeletal extension rate for Porites corals around Weizhou Island in response to global warming and increase of extreme events

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