南沙群岛海域珊瑚礁区三种寄居蟹的摄食差异比较

doi:10.11978/2023029

Abstract

Abstract:

Hermit crab is a type of marine benthic animal. The complex structure of coral reefs makes it one of the areas with the highest diversity of hermit crabs. In response to changes in environmental conditions, such as increasing coverage of benthic algae, small benthic organisms such as hermit crabs can quickly adapt to changes in food resources and play a similar function to herbivorous fishes in maintaining the health of coral reef ecosystems. However, little is known about the differences in food composition on site and ecological functional positioning of different hermit crab species. In this study, three dominant hermit crab species were collected from the coral reef of the Nansha Islands in the spring of 2019: Dardanus lagopodes, Calcinus morgani, and Ciliopagurus strigatus, and their on-site food composition was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that there were nine phyla of food types for the three species of hermit crabs, including Rhodophyta, Pyrrophyta, Phaeophyta, Chlorophyta, Arthropoda and Bryozoa, etc. All three hermit crab species fed mainly on algae, including large amounts of Rhodophyta and Pyrrophyta algae (37.75% and 21.14%), and small amounts of Chlorophyta algae (3.13%). But the food composition of different hermit crab species was specific. Calcinus morgani fed mainly on algae turf and detritus and was a herbivorous hermit crab. Ciliopagurus strigatus took Ostracoid from epilithic algal matrix (EAM) as the main food source, accompanied by some branching coralline algae and filamentous Phaeophyta algae. Dardanus lagopodes fed on crustose coralline algae (CCA), macroalgae and epiphytic bryozoans. The results revealed obvious differences in the main foods of marine hermit crabs. Combined with the analysis of ecological niche overlap, it is found that the overlap of the three species of hermit crabs was low (0.059). The feeding areas of Dardanus lagopodes and the other two hermit crab species may not overlap in degraded coral reef areas dominated by CCA. Dardanus lagopodes plays an important role in clearing CCA and bryozoans, and maintaining the healthy development of coral reefs. Ciliopagurus strigatus and Calcinus morgani, as secondary consumers, transfer energy more efficiently to the upper level. These research results extend the previous understanding of the ecological status of hermit crabs.

Key words: hermit crab, diet, high-throughput sequencing, ecological function, coral reef

JIA Nan, ZHOU Tiancheng, HU Simin, ZHANG Chen, HUANG Hui, LIU Sheng. Difference in the feeding contents of three hermit crabs in the coral reefs of the Nansha Islands, South China Sea[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 109-121.

Figures/Tables 10

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种名	盾长/mm	螺壳宽/mm	螺长/mm	螺口宽/mm	寄居蟹湿重/g	个体数
兔足真寄居蟹Dardanus lagopodes	8.22±2.23	62.74±39.28	48.55±18.31	12.18±7.50	3.98±2.76	5
莫氏硬壳寄居蟹Calcinus morgani	4.79±1.23	23.29±4.60	33.42±7.30	4.48± 1.52	0.58±0.47	5
沟纹纤毛寄居蟹Ciliopagurus strigatus	4.32	18.82	31.54	1.90	0.38	2

种名	营养生态位宽度
兔足真寄居蟹 Dardanus lagopodes	7.67
莫氏硬壳寄居蟹 Calcinus morgani	4.26
沟纹纤毛寄居蟹 Ciliopagurus strigatus	2.62

寄居蟹种类	兔足真寄居蟹	莫氏硬壳寄居蟹	沟纹纤毛寄居蟹
兔足真寄居蟹	—	0.071	0.043
莫氏硬壳寄居蟹	0.071	—	0.062
沟纹纤毛寄居蟹	0.043	0.062	—

Difference in the feeding contents of three hermit crabs in the coral reefs of the Nansha Islands, South China Sea

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[5]	PENG Erman, YAO Yu, LI Zhuangzhi, XU Conghao. Numerical study of the hydrodynamic characteristics of reef coast under the combined effects of waves and currents [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 187-194.
[6]	HUANG Hui, YUAN Xiangcheng, SONG Yan, LI Yingxin, ZHOU Weihua, LONG Aimin. Carbon sequestration process and carbon storage mechanism of reef ecosystem in South China Sea^* [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 13-21.
[7]	HUANG Hui, YU Xiaolei, HUANG Lintao, JIANG Lei. Current status and prospects of coral reef ecology research [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 3-12.
[8]	LIN Xianzhi, ZHOU Yanyan, LIN Haoye, HU Simin, HUANG Hui, ZHANG Li, LIU Sheng. Diet analysis of the parrotfish (Scarus globiceps) in coral reefs of the Nansha Islands [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 100-108.
[9]	GAO Jie, YU Kefu, XU Shendong, HUANG Xueyong, CHEN Biao, WANG Yonggang. Content and source analysis of organic carbon in the outer slope sediments of the Yongle Atoll, Xisha Islands [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 131-145.
[10]	ZHANG Yuyang, LIU Chengyue, YU Xiaolei, LUO Yong, ZHOU Tiancheng, LIAN Jiansheng, HUANG Hui. Study on relocation effect of scleractinian coral in the Fenghuang Island, Sanya^* [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 177-186.
[11]	LEI Mingfeng, YU Kefu, LIAO Zhiheng, CHEN Biao, HUANG Xueyong, CHEN Xiaoyan. The rapid ecological degradation and its impact on fish of the Yinyu Island in the Xisha Islands [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 87-99.
[12]	XU Lijia, LIAO Zhiheng, CHEN Hui, WANG Yongzhi, HUANG Baiqiang, LIN Qiaoyun, GAN Jianfeng, YANG Jing. Community structure of scleractinian corals in the northern South China Sea and their responses to the marine heatwaves [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 58-71.
[13]	LIANG Yuxian, LIU Chengyue, YU Xiaolei, ZHANG Yuyang, LIAN Wenke, CHEN Lunju, HUANG Hui. Focusing on supplementing and restoring degraded coral reefs with key groups of reef-building coral - paradigms in the restoration of Xidao Island’s coral reef [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(3): 166-176.
[14]	HUANG Yuan, CEN Jingyi, LIANG Qianyan, LYU Songhui, WANG Jianyan. Study on the community structure of eukaryotic phytoplankton in the Shenzhen Bay based on high-throughput sequencing technology [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(2): 21-33.
[15]	ZHAO Jinfa, LIU Yong, LI Chunhou, WANG Teng, SHI Juan, XIAO Yayuan, WU Peng, SONG Xiaoyu. Study on species composition and distribution of fish eggs in Yongle Atoll and Dongdao Island by high-throughput sequencing technology [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(6): 127-136.