应用高通量测序技术研究永乐环礁和东岛鱼卵种类组成和分布

doi:10.11978/2022264

Abstract

Abstract:

Coral reef, known as the tropical rainforest in the ocean, was an important spawning ground, nursery and feeding ground for marine fish. Yongle atoll and Dongdao Island were typical coral reef ecosystems of the Xisha Islands. In order to better manage and protect the fishery and germplasm resources of the Xisha Islands, this study collected fish eggs from the Yongle atoll and the Dongdao Island in April 2021. High-throughput sequencing technology is used to classify and identify them, and the differences in species composition and community structure between the two regions were analyzed. The results showed that only fish eggs were collected in both areas, and a total of 27 species were identified, belonging to 4 orders, 16 families and 25 genera. The perciformes was dominant, accounting for 95.45% in the Yongle atoll and 85.71% in the Dongdao Island. The similarity index of roe species composition between the Yongle atoll and the Dongdao Island was significantly different, among which the similarity of order, family, genus and species was 25.00%, 37.50%, 32.00% and 33.33%, respectively. The occurrence frequency of fish eggs was 100%. The average density of fish eggs was 0.984 ind·m^-3 in the Yongle atoll and 0.453 ind·m^-3 in the Dongdao Island. The dominant species (Y≥0.02) were Decapterus sp., Katsuwonus pelamis and Halichoeres trimaculatus in Yongle atoll and Scarus forsteni, Chlorurus sordidus and Parupeneus multifasciatus in the Dongdao Island, with significant differences in the dominant species. In addition, there was an undocumented species (Ambassis sp.) found in this investigation. The species richness index (D) showed that the Yongle atoll (2.46) was higher than the Dongdao Island (1.87), while Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′) and evenness index (J′) showed that the Yongle atoll (1.08, 0.35) was lower than the Dongdao Island (1.32, 0.50). The composition of fish eggs in both regions was dominated by reef-associated fish, and the relative abundance of pelagic-oceanic fish in the Yongle atoll (88.02%) was higher than that in the Dongdao Island (0.44%). The research results showed that both the Yongle atoll and the Dongdao Island are spawning grounds for marine fish, and the Yongle atoll has an open lagoon, which is more suitable as spawning grounds for pelagic-oceanic fish (especially tuna) than the Dongdao Island. Moreover, high-throughput sequencing technology can fill the gap of traditional morphological methods in the identification of fish eggs, and could be used as a supplementary means for the investigation of fishery resources. This study provides a scientific basis for the conservation and management of fishery and germplasm resources in the Yongle atoll and the Dongdao Island.

Key words: coral reef, lagoon, Xisha Islands, spawning ground, tunas

ZHAO Jinfa, LIU Yong, LI Chunhou, WANG Teng, SHI Juan, XIAO Yayuan, WU Peng, SONG Xiaoyu. Study on species composition and distribution of fish eggs in Yongle Atoll and Dongdao Island by high-throughput sequencing technology[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(6): 127-136.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 1

Species composition of fish eggs and larvae in the Yongle atoll and Dongdao Island"

目	科	属	种	生态类型	永乐环礁		东岛
目	科	属	种	生态类型	相对丰度/%	Y	相对丰度/%	Y
刺鱼目 Gasterosteiformes	管口鱼科 Aulostomidae	管口鱼属 Aulostomus	中华管口鱼 A. chinensis	A	0.00	0.00000	0.13	0.00031
鲈形目 Perciformes	刺尾鱼科 Acanthuridae	鼻鱼属 Naso	六棘鼻鱼 N. hexacanthus	A	0.97	0.00215	0.00	0.00000
		鼻鱼属 Naso	突角鼻鱼 N. annulatus	A	0.31	0.00068	0.28	0.00071
		高鳍刺尾鱼属 Zebrasoma	黄高鳍刺尾鱼 Z. flavescens	A	0.04	0.00005	0.00	0.00000
	带鱼科 Trichiuridae	带鱼属 Trichiurus	带鱼属未定种 Trichiurus sp.	C	0.00	0.00000	1.02	0.00256
	笛鲷科 Lutjanidae	笛鲷属 Lutjanus	四带笛鲷 L. kasmira	A	0.38	0.00043	0.90	0.00224
	蝴蝶鱼科 Chaetodontidae	蝴蝶鱼属 Chaetodon	叉纹蝴蝶鱼 C. auripes	A	0.07	0.00015	0.00	0.00000
	隆头鱼科 Labridae	唇鱼属 Cheilinus	横带唇鱼 C. fasciatus	A	0.02	0.00002	0.00	0.00000
	隆头鱼科 Labridae	海猪鱼属 Halichoeres	三斑海猪鱼 H. trimaculatus	A	6.66	0.03700	0.08	0.00039
	裸颊鲷科 Lethrinidae	裸颊鲷属 Lethrinus	桔带裸颊鲷 L. obsoletus	A	0.02	0.00003	0.00	0.00000
	梅鲷科 Caesionidae	鳞鳍梅鲷属 Pterocaesio	黑带鳞鳍梅鲷 P. tile	A	0.00	0.00000	6.32	0.01581
	鮨科 Serranidae	侧牙鲈属 Variola	侧牙鲈 V. louti	A	0.06	0.00007	0.00	0.00000
	鲭科Scombridae	舵鲣属 Auxis	扁舵鲣 A. thazard	B	0.01	0.00001	0.00	0.00000
		鲣属 Katsuwonus	鲣 K. pelamis	B	22.35	0.09931	0.00	0.00000
		金枪鱼属 Thunnus	金枪鱼属未定种 Thunnus sp.	B	0.18	0.00020	0.00	0.00000
		鲔属 Euthynnus	鲔 E. affinis	B	0.04	0.00005	0.00	0.00000
	鲹科 Carangidae	鲹属 Caranx	珍鲹 C. ignobilis	A	0.54	0.00120	0.00	0.00000
	鲹科 Carangidae	圆鲹属 Decapterus	圆鲹属未定种 Decapterus sp.	B	65.44	0.50900	0.35	0.00087
	双边鱼科 Ambassidae	双边鱼属 Ambassis	双边鱼属未定种 Ambassis sp.	B	0.00	0.00000	0.09	0.00024
	羊鱼科 Mullidae	副绯鲤属 Parupeneus	多带副绯鲤 P. multifasciatus	A	0.03	0.00003	8.49	0.04247
	羊鱼科 Mullidae	拟羊鱼属 Mulloidichthys	无斑拟羊鱼 M. vanicolensis	A	0.30	0.00034	0.00	0.00000
	鹦嘴鱼科 Scaridae	大鹦嘴鱼属 Bolbometopon	隆头大鹦嘴鱼 B. muricatum	A	0.37	0.00041	0.06	0.00016
		绿鹦嘴鱼属 Chlorurus	灰鹦嘴鱼 C. sordidus	A	0.38	0.00085	16.94	0.08470
		鹦嘴鱼属 Scarus	绿唇鹦嘴鱼 S. forsteni	A	1.35	0.00300	60.24	0.30120
		鹦嘴鱼属 Scarus	许氏鹦嘴鱼 S. schlegeli	A	0.01	0.00001	3.92	0.00979
鼠鱚目 Gonorhynchiformes	遮目鱼科 Chanidae	遮目鱼属 Chanos	遮目鱼 C. chanos	C	0.45	0.00050	0.00	0.00000
鲀形目 Tetraodontiformes	单角鲀科 Monacanthidae	前角鲀属 Pervagor	前角鲀属未定种 Pervagor sp.	A	0.00	0.00000	1.18	0.00295

Tab. 1

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

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Study on species composition and distribution of fish eggs in Yongle Atoll and Dongdao Island by high-throughput sequencing technology

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