绿华岛海域海藻场大型底栖生物群落结构及其对环境因子的响应

doi:10.11978/2024188

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the factors influencing the population dynamics of macroalgae and benthic fauna in the marine area surrounding Lvhua Island, this study conducted field ecological surveys employing the index of relative importance (IRI), biodiversity indices, and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). These methods were applied across three macroalgal growth stages in the algal beds: seedling (August-September 2021), growth (November-December 2021), and flourishing (May-June 2022), to analyze the community composition, biodiversity, and environmental factors associated to macrobenthic population changes in Lvhua Island and its adjacent waters. The results revealed the following: (1) A total of 113 macrobenthic species were identified in the algal beds of Lvhua Island and its neighboring waters, including 49 species of benthic fauna and 64 macroalgal species, belonging to nine phyla. Among them, Mollusca and Rhodophyta had the highest number of species, with Rhodophyta dominating species diversity across all observed periods. The dominant species included Sargassum vachellianum, Sargassum horneri, Chlorostoma rustica, and Anthocidaris crassispina. The average abundance of the nine phyla across the three growth stages was 30 ind·m^-2, and the average biomass was 23.83 g·m^-2. (2) Species richness varied by growth stage, peaking during the seedling stage. Abundance and biomass fluctuations were closely tied to periodic water temperature changes, with abundance ranked as seedling stage (36 ind·m^-2) > flourishing stage (30 ind·m^-2) > growth stage (23 ind·m^-2), and biomass following a similar trend: seedling stage (25.40 g·m^-2) > flourishing stage (23.88 g·m^-2) > growth stage (22.20 g·m^-2). Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) indicated significant differences in macrobenthic community structure across different growth stages (P<0.05). (3) The Mentoushan station recorded the highest species richness, abundance, biomass, and biodiversity, while Menduishan station exhibited the lowest diversity, and the Xilvhua station had the fewest species. Dominant and important species showed minimal variation at Donglvhua South station, where both biomass and abundance were lowest, whereas the mussel farming area displayed relatively low overlap between dominant and important species. (4) Except for salinity, water temperature (P=0.009), pH (P=0.001), and dissolved oxygen (P=0.002) significantly influenced macrobenthic distribution in Lvhua Island waters, while salinity (P=0.149) had no significant effect. Organismal adaptability to environmental factors varied by station: Mentoushan and Menduishan stations showed positive correlations with all four environmental factors, whereas Yibeidi, Xilvhua, and Donglvhua North stations exhibited negative correlations. Among the nine phyla, Phaeophyta correlated negatively with all environmental factors, while Cnidaria showed a positive correlation with salinity. This study enhances understanding of the regulatory role of macrobenthic organisms in algal bed ecosystems and provides a scientific foundation for biological resource conservation, algal bed construction, and ecological restoration in the study area.

Key words: Lvhua Island, seaweed beds, macroalgae, macrozoobenthos, growth stages, environmental factors

CLC Number:

P735

SUN Jianing, WANG Yuqing, ZHANG Shouyu, WANG Kai. Structure of macrobenthic community in the seaweed beds of Lvhua Island waters and its response to environmental factors[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(4): 119-135.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 1

Spatiotemporal distribution of dominant macrobenthic species in seaweed beds"

站点	时期	优势种和重要种
MTS	幼苗期	*瓦氏马尾藻 Sargassum vachellianum、羊栖菜 Sargassum fusiforme、锈凹螺Chlorostoma rustica、紫海胆 Anthocidaris crassispina、黄口荔枝螺 Thais luteostoma、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei*
	生长期	*瓦氏马尾藻 Sargassum vachellianum、珊瑚藻 Corallina officinalis、锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、紫海胆 Anthocidaris crassispina、黄口荔枝螺 Thais luteostoma*
	茂盛期	*瓦氏马尾藻 Sargassum vachellianum、羊栖菜 Sargassum fusiforme、锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、紫海胆 Anthocidaris crassispina、黄口荔枝螺 Thais luteostoma、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei*
DLHS	幼苗期	*铜藻 Sargassum horneri、鼠尾藻 Sargassum thunbergii、**锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、紫海胆 Anthocidaris crassispina、黄口荔枝螺 Thais luteostoma、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei*
	生长期	铜藻 Sargassum horneri、*珊瑚藻 Corallina officinalis、锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、黄口荔枝螺 Thais luteostoma、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei*
	茂盛期	*铜藻 Sargassum horneri、羊栖菜 Sargassum fusiforme、**锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、黄口荔枝螺 Thais luteostoma、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei*
XLH	幼苗期	*瓦氏马尾藻 Sargassum vachellianum、锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、黄口荔枝螺 Thais luteostoma、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei*
	生长期	*瓦氏马尾藻 Sargassum vachellianum、羊栖菜 Sargassum fusiforme、锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、黄口荔枝螺 Thais luteostoma、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei*
	茂盛期	*瓦氏马尾藻 Sargassum vachellianum、囊藻 Colpomenia sinuosa、**锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、黄口荔枝螺 Thais luteostoma、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei*
MDS	幼苗期	*瓦氏马尾藻 Sargassum vachellianum、羊栖菜 Sargassum fusiforme、锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、紫海胆 Anthocidaris crassispina、黄口荔枝螺 Thais luteostoma、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei*
	生长期	*瓦氏马尾藻Sargassum vachellianum、珊瑚藻Corallina officinalis、**锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、紫海胆 Anthocidaris crassispina、黄口荔枝螺 Thais luteostoma*
	茂盛期	*瓦氏马尾藻 Sargassum vachellianum、羊栖菜 Sargassum fusiforme、**锈凹螺Chlorostoma rusticum、紫海胆 Anthocidaris crassispina、黄口荔枝螺 Thais luteostoma、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei*
DLHN	幼苗期	*羊栖菜 Sargassum fusiforme、鼠尾藻 Sargassum thunbergii、**锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei*
	生长期	*羊栖菜 Sargassum fusiforme、鼠尾藻 Sargassum thunbergii、**锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei、疣荔枝螺 Reishia clavigera*
	茂盛期	*羊栖菜 Sargassum fusiforme、鼠尾藻 Sargassum thunbergii、锈凹螺 Chlorostoma rusticum、甲虫螺 Cantharus cecillei、疣荔枝螺 Reishia clavigera*
YBD	幼苗期	石莼 Ulva lactuca L.、铜藻 Sargassum horneri、舌状蜈蚣藻 Grateloupia livida、瘤荔枝螺 Thais bronni、麦秆虫Caprella septentrionalis
	生长期	*密毛沙菜 Hypnea boergesenii、裂片石莼 Ulva fasciata*
	茂盛期	*铜藻 Sargassum horneri、密毛沙菜 Hypnea boergesenii、石莼 Ulva lactuca* L.

Tab. 1

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Tab. 2

Fig. 7

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站点	生长时期	T/℃	S/‰	pH	DO/(mg·L^-1)
MTS	幼苗期	26.50±0.34	28.25±0.26	9.54±0.05	9.10±0.28
	生长期	22.10±0.49	27.82±0.31	9.35±0.06	8.37±0.46
	茂盛期	23.51±0.15	28.42±0.37	9.27±0.06	7.30±0.14
DLHS	幼苗期	26.91±0.18	28.10±0.15	9.57±0.04	7.02±0.31
	生长期	21.97±0.13	27.76±0.36	9.33±0.06	8.27±0.37
	茂盛期	26.27±0.16	28.55±0.36	9.43±0.03	9.00±0.36
XLH	幼苗期	26.70±0.24	27.21±0.19	9.43±0.03	9.00±0.11
	生长期	21.30±0.40	27.65±0.36	9.20±0.01	8.37±0.32
	茂盛期	23.42±0.42	28.15±0.37	8.97±0.09	7.14±0.30
MDS	幼苗期	27.40±0.18	28.21±0.36	9.46±0.04	9.10±0.18
	生长期	21.50±0.35	27.54±0.11	9.31±0.06	8.32±0.46
	茂盛期	23.47±0.41	28.39±0.20	9.16±0.02	7.22±0.12
DLHN	幼苗期	25.54±0.19	28.42±0.43	9.29±0.07	9.00±0.25
	生长期	20.54±0.39	26.74±0.34	9.18±0.04	8.32±0.45
	茂盛期	25.64±0.11	28.38±0.15	9.09±0.01	9.22±0.15
YBD	幼苗期	26.50±0.27	27.17±0.38	9.14±0.09	9.23±0.49
	生长期	21.50±0.26	27.16±0.39	9.08±0.03	8.23±0.41
	茂盛期	21.96±0.16	27.45±0.14	9.06±0.04	7.21±0.45
	ANOVA	P<0.05	P<0.05	P<0.05	P=0.42

Structure of macrobenthic community in the seaweed beds of Lvhua Island waters and its response to environmental factors

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