人类活动和气候变化影响下钦江近60年悬浮泥沙浓度变化

doi:10.11978/2025089

热带海洋学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 126-139.doi: 10.11978/2025089CSTR: 32234.14.2025089

人类活动和气候变化影响下钦江近60年悬浮泥沙浓度变化

王梦竹¹(), 许珊珊², 黎树式³^,⁴^,⁵^,⁶(), 李建明¹, 杨夏玲², 黄升³

¹ 北部湾大学海洋学院, 广西钦州 535011
² 南宁师范大学地理科学与规划学院, 广西南宁 530100
³ 北部湾大学资源与环境学院, 广西钦州 535011
⁴ 广西海洋环境灾害过程与生态保护技术重点实验室(北部湾大学海洋学院), 广西钦州 535011
⁵ 平陆运河河口海湾生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站(北部湾大学海洋学院), 广西钦州 535000
⁶ 北部湾海洋发展研究中心(北部湾大学), 广西钦州 535011

收稿日期:2025-06-26 修回日期:2025-07-15 出版日期:2026-07-10 发布日期:2026-07-31
通讯作者: 黎树式。email: lishushi120@163.com
作者简介:
王梦竹(2000—), 女, 贵州省贵阳人, 硕士研究生, 从事流域—河口陆海相互作用研究。email: 2215458751@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42366008); 广西自然科学基金项目(2025GXNSFHA069274); 广西高校人文社会科学重点研究基地“北部湾海洋发展研究中心”项目

Variations of suspended sediment concentration in the Qinjiang River in the past 60 years under the influence of human activities and climate change

WANG Mengzhu¹(), XU Shanshan², LI Shushi³^,⁴^,⁵^,⁶(), LI Jianming¹, YANG Xialing², HUANG Sheng³

¹ College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
² School of Geography and Planning, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530100, China
³ College of Resources and Environment, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
⁴ Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Disaster Processes and Ecological Protection Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
⁵ Pinglu Canal and Beibu Gulf Coastal Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Guangxi, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535000, China
⁶ Beibu Gulf Ocean Development Research Center, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China

Received:2025-06-26 Revised:2025-07-15 Online:2026-07-10 Published:2026-07-31
Contact: LI Shushi. email: lishushi120@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42366008); Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2025GXNSFHA069274); Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of Universities in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region “Beibu Gulf Ocean Development Research Center”

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

了解钦江悬浮泥沙动态过程及其影响因素, 对揭示河口三角洲的演变规律以及科学指导运河工程的规划和建设至关重要。基于钦江陆屋水文站的悬浮泥沙和流量数据, 利用百分位数法、累积距平与回归分析等方法对钦江的悬浮泥沙浓度变化及其驱动因素进行分析。结果表明: (1)钦江近60年平均悬浮泥沙浓度呈现“中-高-低”的变化趋势。1965—1980年期间属于中等浓度阶段, 平均悬沙浓度为0.24kg·m⁻³; 1981—1993年为高浓度阶段, 平均悬沙浓度为0.33kg·m⁻³; 1994—2021年为低浓度阶段, 平均悬沙浓度为0.16kg·m⁻³。(2)3个阶段的月平均最大悬浮泥沙浓度均呈“洪高枯低”特征, 高浓度阶段月变幅最大, 洪枯季泥沙浓度差异显著, 反映出对季节水文变化的响应。(3)每日悬浮泥沙浓度的频率分布呈现出显著的阶段性特征。在高浓度阶段, 浓度大于0.4kg·m⁻³的事件频率达到5.2%; 而在低浓度阶段, 频率波峰分布介于0.01~0.02kg·m⁻³。(4)气候变化和高强度人类活动是钦江悬浮泥沙浓度变化的重要因素。研究成果将为我国西南中小入海河流防灾减灾和平陆运河建设提供科学依据。

关键词: 悬浮泥沙浓度, 人类活动, 气候变化, 平陆运河, 钦江

Abstract:

Understanding suspended sediment dynamics in the Qinjiang River and its influencing factors is essential for revealing the evolutionary mechanisms of estuarine delta and providing a scientific basis for canal engineering planning and construction. Based on the suspended sediment and discharge data from the Luwu Hydrological Station in the Qinjiang River, changes in suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and their driving factors were analyzed using methods such as the percentage method, accumulative anomaly analysis, and regression analysis. The results show that: (1) The average SSC in the Qinjiang River has followed a “medium-high-low” trend in the past 60 years. The period 1965-1980 was the medium concentration stage, with an average SSC of 0.24 kg·m⁻³; 1981-1993 was the high concentration stage with an average SSC of 0.33 kg·m⁻³; and 1994-2021 was the low concentration stage with an average SSC of 0.16 kg·m⁻³. (2) The monthly average maximum SSC in each of the stages exhibited the characteristics of “high in flood season and low in dry season”, with the largest monthly variation occurring during the high concentration stage. The significant difference in SSC between flood and dry seasons reflects a seasonal response. (3) The frequency distribution of daily SSC also showed distinct stage characteristics. During the high concentration stage, the frequency of SSC events exceeding 0.4 kg·m⁻³ reached 5.2%. In the low concentration stage, the frequency peaks were mainly distributed in the range of 0.01-0.02 kg·m⁻³. (4) Climate change and high-intensity human activities are important factors for the change of SSC in the Qinjiang River. These research results provide a scientific basis for disaster prevention and mitigation in small and medium-sized rivers flowing into the sea, as well as for the construction of the Pinglu Canal, a major land-sea channel in Southwest China.

Key words: suspended sediment concentration, human activities, climate change, Pinglu Canal, Qinjiang River

中图分类号:

TV11

王梦竹, 许珊珊, 黎树式, 李建明, 杨夏玲, 黄升. 人类活动和气候变化影响下钦江近60年悬浮泥沙浓度变化[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2026, 45(4): 126-139.

WANG Mengzhu, XU Shanshan, LI Shushi, LI Jianming, YANG Xialing, HUANG Sheng. Variations of suspended sediment concentration in the Qinjiang River in the past 60 years under the influence of human activities and climate change[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2026, 45(4): 126-139.

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人类活动和气候变化影响下钦江近60年悬浮泥沙浓度变化

Variations of suspended sediment concentration in the Qinjiang River in the past 60 years under the influence of human activities and climate change

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