西沙群岛珊瑚礁海域浮游动物群落结构初步分析*

doi:10.11978/2021036

Abstract

Abstract:

Zooplankton were sampled in coral reef waters from three islands (Qilianyu, Yongxing and Dong islands) and five atolls (Langhua, Panshi, Yuzhuo, Huaguang, and North atolls) around the Xisha Islands from May to July, 2015 in order to understand the community structure of zooplanktonin the region. The aims of this study are to analyze the species diversity, abundance distribution and community structure of zooplankton, and to compare the differences in zooplankton community between the lagoon and seaward reef-slope waters among the five atolls. A total of 180 species of zooplankton including 13 groups of planktonic larvae were identified, among which the greatest species number was the copepods with 80 species, followed by the hydromedusae, pelagic mollusca, chaetognaths and pelagic tunicates. The average abundance of zooplankton was 256.4 ± 117.8 ind·m^-3, among which copepods accounted for 51.08% of the total abundance, followed by planktonic larvae (16.30%), pelagic tunicates (13.22%) and chaetognaths (7.70%). Differences in zooplankton species, diversity, evenness index, and abundance between islands and atolls, as well as in the lagoon and seaward reef-slope of five atolls, were observed. The diversity and abundance of zooplankton were relatively high in Dong Island, Yuzhuo Atoll and Huaguang Atoll, but low in Qilianyu and North atolls. They were higher in the seaward reef-slope regions than in the lagoons of the five atolls. Two major assembled groups were distinguished into the atoll lagoon-island and nearshore group, and the seaward reef slope-island and offshore group at the similarity of 85%. A significant difference in the two zooplankton assemblages was observed (r=0.832, p<0.001). The former group was characterized by low values of species richness, diversity index, total abundance, and abundances of main groups such as copepods, chaetognaths and planktonic larvae compared with the latter group. The heterogeneity and ecological environment differences between the atoll lagoon and seaward reef-slope waters may be the main factors determining the zooplankton community structure around the Xisha Islands.

Key words: zooplankton, diversity, spatial pattern, coral reefs, South China Sea

CLC Number:

P735.124

LI Kaizhi, KE Zhixin, WANG Junxing, TAN Yehui. Preliminary study on the community structure of zooplankton in coral reef waters of Xisha Islands*[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2022, 41(2): 121-131.

Figures/Tables 9

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Fig. 1

Tab. 2

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Tab. 3

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Tab. 4

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类型	岛礁	站数	站位位置	站号	调查时间(日/月)
岛屿	七连屿	4	远岸4个	I1~I4(*)	29/06—30/06
	永兴岛	5	远岸3个, 近岸2个	I5~I7(*), I8~I9(?)	01/07—02/07
	东岛	4	远岸4个	I10~I13(*)	16/06
环礁	浪花礁	7	潟湖4个, 礁坡3个	A1(●), A2~A4(●), A5~A7(○)	31/05—01/06
	盘石屿	8	潟湖5个, 礁坡3个	A8~A12(▲), A13~A15(Δ)	03/06—04/06
	玉琢礁	6	潟湖2个, 礁坡4个	A16~A17(■), A18~A21(□)	10/06—12/06
	华光礁	8	潟湖4个, 礁坡4个	A22~A25(▼), A26~A29(?)	06/06—08/06
	北礁	6	潟湖2个, 礁坡4个	A30~A31(◆), A32~A35(◇)	26/06—28/06

类群	七连屿	永兴岛	东岛	浪花礁	盘石屿	玉琢礁	华光礁	北礁	合计	占百分比/%
水螅水母类Hydromedusae	3	6	8	5	10	9	9	5	20	11.11
管水母类Siphonophores	5	6	7	9	11	8	12	8	16	8.89
栉水母类Ctenophores	1	0	1	0	0	1	2	1	2	1.11
浮游软体类Pelagic mollusca	2	2	6	4	5	5	9	2	10	5.56
浮游多毛类 Pelagic Polychaeta	0	0	0	4	0	0	0	0	4	2.22
枝角类Cladocerans	2	0	1	1	2	1	1	0	2	1.11
介形类Ostracods	0	0	1	0	1	0	1	0	3	1.67
端足类Amphipods	0	4	0	3	0	1	1	4	6	3.33
桡足类Copepods	56	73	60	65	69	72	75	61	83	46.11
磷虾类Euphausiacea	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	0.56
十足类Decapods	0	1	2	2	0	1	0	1	2	1.11
毛颚类Chaetognaths	5	7	10	10	8	9	10	8	11	6.11
浮游被囊类Pelagic tunicates	7	4	5	7	7	6	7	4	7	3.89
浮游幼虫Planktonic larvae	6	7	10	10	9	10	12	9	13	7.22
合计	88	111	112	121	123	124	142	104	180	100.00

类群	平均丰度/(个·m^-3)	百分比/%
水螅水母类Hydromedusae	5.2±8.6	2.09
管水母类Siphonophores	14.1±23.4	5.67
栉水母类Ctenophores	0.1±0.2	0.02
浮游软体类Pelagic mollusca	1.9±2.2	0.77
浮游多毛类Pelagic Polychaeta	0.5±1.0	0.20
枝角类Cladocerans	2.1±6.1	0.85
端足类Amphipods	0.4±1.1	0.17
介形类Ostracods	0.1±0.2	0.02
桡足类Copepods	127.3±137.6	51.08
十足类Decapods	0.5±1.4	0.18
磷虾类Euphausiacea	4.3±7.6	1.72
毛颚类Chaetognaths	19.2±27.5	7.70
浮游被囊类Pelagic tunicates	33.0±58.6	13.22
浮游幼虫Planktonic larvae	40.6±31.9	16.30

	近岸及潟湖群落(Ⅰ)	远岸及向海礁坡群落(Ⅱ)	T值	显著性(p)	自由度(F)
种数	17.00±8.00	63.00±18.00	-10.225	***	46
多样性指数	3.10±0.83	5.08±0.65	-9.254	***	46
均匀度	0.80±0.16	0.86±0.06	-1.771	n.s.	46
丰度/(个·m^-3)	89.23±94.72	345.32±220.31	-4.664	***	46
水螅水母类 Hydromedusae	0.46±1.10	8.07±9.88	-3.242	**	46
管水母类Siphonophores	2.28±4.26	21.25±27.32	-2.911	**	46
桡足类Copepods	21.92±14.61	190.60±140.12	-5.069	***	46
磷虾类Euphausiacea	3.59±9.41	4.70±6.43	-0.486	n.s.	46
毛颚类Chaetognaths	1.56±2.94	29.78±30.47	-3.901	***	46
浮游被囊类Pelagic tunicates	31.38±89.91	33.90±30.18	-1.141	n.s.	46
浮游幼虫Planktonic larvae	27.26±23.72	48.68±33.44	-2.337	*	46

因子	种数	丰度	多样性指数	均匀度指数
温度	-0.151^n.s.	0.024 ^n.s.	-0.165 ^n.s.	-0.224^n.s.
盐度	-0.070 ^n.s.	0.075 ^n.s.	-0.148 ^n.s.	-0.082 ^n.s.
叶绿素a质量浓度	-0.309^*	-0.043^n.s.	-0.428^**	-0.586^***

Preliminary study on the community structure of zooplankton in coral reef waters of Xisha Islands*

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[14]	WANG Chenyan, SHI Jingwen, YAN Annan, KANG Yaru, WANG Yuxuan, QIN Suli, HAN Minwei, ZHANG Ruijie, YU Kefu. Bioaccumulation characteristics and source apportionment of organophosphate esters in Acanthaster planci from the South China Sea [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(5): 30-37.
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