平陆运河出海口沙井岛潮间带大型底栖动物群落响应近自然修复的变化分析

doi:10.11978/2025199

Abstract

Abstract:

Global estuarine sand islands are severely impacted by high-intensity land-sea dynamics, leaving their ecosystems generally fragile, degraded or even lost. Applying ecological restoration techniques to restore the health of sand islands is one of the primary objectives of estuary management. This study takes the degraded section of the western coast of Shajing Island at the estuary of the Pinglu Canal, the largest canal constructed since the founding of the People's Republic of China, as the research area. Based on sampling site survey data, this study first analyzed changes in the intertidal macrobenthic community following the implementation of near-natural bamboo fence restoration. These findings were then used to evaluate the overall ecological impact of this restoration technique in the region. The results showed that the macrobenthos before and after the restoration of Shajing Island were mainly arthropods, accounting for 62.5% and 66.7% of the total species, respectively. The index of relative importance (I_RI) of macrobenthos increased from below 100 before restoration to above 100 at some sampling sites after restoration. The Simpson diversity index (D) increased significantly from 0.51 before restoration to 0.92 after restoration, and the Shannon Wiener diversity index (Hʹ) also increased from 1.08 to 1.55. The mean Pielou uniformity index (J) showed no significant change. The biomass of macrobenthos was 3.84 g·m⁻² before restoration and reached 73.44 g·m⁻² after restoration. The average density of macrobenthos increased from (38.40±8.76) ind·m⁻² before restoration to (144±68.82) ind·m⁻² after restoration, an increase of 275%. The W value of the abundance/biomass comparison curve (ABC curve) of macrobenthos increased from −0.03 before restoration to −0.01 after restoration. The macrobenthos pollution index (MPI) increased from 1.54 before restoration to 2.08 after restoration. By comparing the parameters before and after restoration, the following conclusions can be drawn: before restoration, the community structure of macrobenthos was simple and fragile; after restoration, the community broke free from a state of no major species, and representative main populations emerged, indicating that the community structure tended to stabilize. Biodiversity increased significantly after restoration compared to before. The average density of macrobenthos increased markedly, whereas evenness showed no significant change. Although the restored community of macrobenthos was still severely disturbed, there has been a significant improvement after restoration compared to the pre-restoration state. Our study further revealed that elevation has a significant positive correlation with the relative abundance and biomass of macrobenthos (P<0.05). Through macrobenthic investigation, this study demonstrates that the bamboo fence near-nature restoration project can effectively improve habitat stability and promote the restoration of biodiversity. These findings provide scientific support for the restoration of damaged habitats at the estuary of the Pinglu Canal.

Key words: Pinglu Canal, estuary, near-natural restoration, macrobenthos

CLC Number:

XIE Yajun, DAI Zhijun, CHEN Jianqing, ZHONG Mingtao, HUANG Qiang, WANG Riming. Analysis of changes in macrobenthic community in the Shajing Island intertidal zone of the Pinglu Canal estuary in response to near-natural restoration[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2026, 45(4): 29-40.

Figures/Tables 6

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序号	物种	修复前相对重要性指数(I_RI)					修复后相对重要性指数(I_RI)
序号	物种	SJ1	SJ2	SJ3	SJ4	SJ5	SJ1	SJ2	SJ3	SJ4	SJ5
1	疣吻沙蚕(Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus)	19	0	0	0	0	-	-	-	-	-
2	太平大眼蟹(Macrophthalmus pacificus)	0	43	57	0	0	57	111	20	70	16
3	彩拟蟹守螺(Cerithidea ornata)	0	37	0	36	0	-	-	-	-	-
4	口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)	0	0	23	0	14	9	29	23	0	6
5	双齿近相手蟹(Parasesarma bidens)	0	0	0	0	24	0	67	0	50	80
6	四角蛤蜊(Mactra quadrangularis)	0	0	0	0	9	-	-	-	-	-
7	宽身大眼蟹(Macrophthalmus abbreviatus)	21	0	0	9	0	-	-	-	-	-
8	四齿大额蟹(Metopograpsus quadridentatus)	0	0	0	22	80	0	3	0	0	0
9	大弹涂鱼(Boleophthalmus pectinirostri)	-	-	-	-	-	15	0	0	0	0
10	日本大眼蟹(Macrophthalmus japonicus)	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	30	0	0
11	蝼蛄虾[Upogebia major (De Haan, 1841)]	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	9	0
12	秀丽织纹螺(Reticunassa festiva)	-	-	-	-	-	0	0	0	0	7

修复阶段	采样站位	物种数	密度/(ind·m⁻²)	Simpson多样性指数(D)	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(Hʹ)	Pielou均匀度指数(J)
修复前	SJ1	2	48	0.44	0.92	0.92
	SJ2	2	32	0.50	1.00	1.00
	SJ3	2	32	0.50	1.00	1.00
	SJ4	2	32	0.44	0.92	0.92
	SJ5	3	48	0.67	1.58	0.42
	均值		38.40 ± 8.76	0.51 ± 0.09	1.08 ± 0.28	0.85 ± 0.24
修复后	SJ1	4	160	0.96	1.76	0.88
	SJ2	3	256	0.99	1.38	0.69
	SJ3	2	112	0.67	1.38	0.87
	SJ4	3	80	0.96	1.37	0.86
	SJ5	4	112	0.92	1.84	0.92
	均值		144.00 ± 68.82	0.92 ± 0.13	1.55 ± 0.23	0.85 ± 0.09

Analysis of changes in macrobenthic community in the Shajing Island intertidal zone of the Pinglu Canal estuary in response to near-natural restoration

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