广西北部湾可培养黏细菌资源初探及其抗菌活性研究

doi:10.11978/2022142

Abstract

Abstract:

The objective of this study is to isolate myxobacteria from different types of marine biotopes in the Guangxi Beibu Gulf, on the base of living-Escherichia coli and filter paper methods. 38 strains were isolated from 21 samples, and were preliminary identified based on colony morphological characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The purified strains belong to 4 genera and 10 species, in which Myxococcus and Corallococcus were dominant genera, accounting for 63.16% and 26.32% of the total strains, respectively. Then the purified strains were subjected to the small-scale fermentations through the VY/2 medium, and the extracts were obtained by the extraction and concentration of acetone. The crude extracts were further screened for antimicrobial activity by filter paper agar diffusion. The results showed that the metabolites of 24 myxobacterial strains had different degrees of inhibition on 9 indicator bacteria, and the positive rate was 63.16%. Among them, the metabolites of Myxococcus macrosporus (1H01) showed significant inhibitory activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, which was superior to the positive drugs (ampicillin sodium, 1 mg·mL^-1). The results explain that the diversity of myxobateria is rich in different types marine sediment from the Guangxi Beibu Gulf, and the isolated myxobacteria has a prominent antibacterial activity, laying a foundation for the application of new antibiotics.

Key words: Beibu Gulf, myxobacteria, isolation and identification, antibacterial activity

LU Tianmei, GUAN jiasong, QIN Shijing, LIU Yonghong, SU Zhiwei. Preliminary study on the culturable myxobacteria resources from the Beibu Gulf, Guangxi and their antibacterial activity[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(3): 158-168.

Figures/Tables 8

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样品编号	样品名称	采样区域	经纬度
1H	木榄根际沉积物	珍珠湾	108°13′55″E, 21°36′27″N
2H	木榄腐木	珍珠湾	108°13′55″E, 21°36′27″N
3H	木榄胚轴	珍珠湾	108°13′55″E, 21°36′27″N
4H	木榄树皮	珍珠湾	108°13′55″E, 21°36′27″N
5H	木榄根际沉积物	珍珠湾	108°13′55″E, 21°36′27″N
6H	白骨壤根际沉积物	珍珠湾	108°13′55″E, 21°36′27″N
1D	海蚀坑沉积物	涠洲岛	109°05′52″E, 21°00′04″N
2D	滩岩老鼠簕根际沉积物	涠洲岛	109°05′58″E, 21°00′42″N
3D	礁石地衣	涠洲岛	109°05′56″E, 21°00′39″N
4D	滩岩仙人掌根际沉积物	涠洲岛	109°05′55″E, 21°00′15″N
1Y	盐田淤泥	银海区	109°16′39″E, 21°26′35″N
2Y	盐田淤泥	银海区	109°16′22″E, 21°26′35″N
3Y	盐田淤泥	银海区	109°16′23″E, 21°26′35″N
1C	海草床沉积物	山心村	108°12′06″E, 21°34′14″N
2C	互花米草根际沉积物	山心村	108°11′10″E, 21°35′11″N
3C	互花米草根际沉积物	山心村	108°10′57″E, 21°34′33″N
4C	贝壳喜盐草根际沉积物	山心村	108°11′29″E, 21°34′59″N
5C	贝壳喜盐草根际沉积物	山心村	108°11′21″E, 21°34′53″N
6C	贝壳喜盐草根际沉积物	山心村	108°11′20″E, 21°34′51″N
7C	贝壳喜盐草根际沉积物	山心村	108°11′36″E, 21°34′58″N
8C	贝壳喜盐草根际沉积物	山心村	108°11′24″E, 21°34′51″N

菌属	菌株数	子实体形态	菌落形态
Myxococcus	24	球状、卵球状, 单生, 多为橙色、白色或红粉色, 表面光滑柔软	圆形, 菌膜薄且呈同心圆扩展
Corallococcus	10	波浪状、肠状或珊瑚状, 单生或簇生, 多为淡黄色、粉色或乳白色, 表面不光滑、较硬	圆形, 菌膜薄且呈波浪纹扩展
Archangium	3	颗粒状, 簇生, 多为橘红色或棕色, 表面不光滑、较黏稠难挑	圆形, 菌膜薄、黏稠且呈放射状扩展
Melittangium	1	球状或扁平, 似蘑菇的菌伞, 分支生长, 黄褐色,表面不光滑	圆形, 菌膜薄、黏稠且呈放射状扩展

种名	菌株编号	相似度/%	耐盐能力/%
Corallococcus aberystwythensis	3C01	99.61	1
Corallococcus exercitus	3D01	98.97	1
Corallococcus exiguus	6C01	98.85	1
Melittangium boletus	2D03	99.49	<1
Archangium gephyra	2D01	100.00	1
	1Y01	99.74	2
	4D01	99.15	1
Corallococcus interemptor	1C01	100.00	1
	1D01	100.00	1
	2D02	100.00	1
	6C02	99.87	1
	8C01	99.87	1.5
	1C02	99.74	1
	4H01	99.35	1
Myxococcus fulvus	2C01	99.87	1
	1H02	99.74	<1
	5C01	99.36	1
	6H01	99.36	1
	1C04	98.85	1
	1D02	98.59	1
Myxococcus macrosporus	2Y01	100.00	1.5
	5H01	99.87	1.5
	1H01	99.74	1
	4H02	99.36	<1
	3Y01	99.10	2
	3H01	98.97	2
	1C03	98.87	1
Myxococcus stipitatus	4C01	99.87	1
	7C01	99.74	<1
	1C06	99.74	<1
	3D02	99.62	1
	1H03	99.50	1
	5H02	99.49	1
	1C05	99.49	1
Myxococcus virescens	8C02	99.49	2
	1Y02	99.36	2
	2H01	99.36	2
	1C07	99.10	1.5

采样生境	样品份数	菌种数	黏细菌菌株数				总计
采样生境	样品份数	菌种数	黏球菌属Myxococcus	珊瑚球菌属Corallococcus	原囊菌属Archangium	蜂窝囊菌属Melittangium	总计
红树林	6	5	9	1	-	-	10
海草床	8	7	10	6	-	-	16
海岛	4	6	2	3	2	1	8
盐田	3	3	3	-	1	-	4
总计	21	-	24	10	3	1	38

菌种	编号	抑菌圈直径/mm
		G⁺						G^-
		A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I
C. aberystwythensis	3C01	-	-	-	-	12.03±0.32	12.58±0.44	-	-	-
C. exiguus	6C01	-	-	-	-	-	9.28±0.14	-	-	-
A. gephyra	1Y01	-	-	-	-	12.07±0.04	-	-	-	-
C. interemptor	1C01	-	-	-	-	11.95±0.01	-	-	-	-
	1D01	-	-	-	-	13.43±0.40	8.64±0.09	12.25±0.29	-	-
	2D02	-	-	9.53±0.25	-	11.83±0.25	11.10±0.16	-	-	-
	6C02	-	-	-	-	-	9.97±0.05	-	-	-
	1C02	-	-	-	10.57±0.05	15.97±0.06	-	-	-	-
M. fulvus	2C01	-	-	-	10.33±0.32	14.93±0.11	11.54±0.44	-	-	-
	5C01	-	7.67±0.42	-	-	-	12.79±0.18	-	-	-
	1C04	10.82±0.04	7.34±0.02	12.03±0.65	12.23±0.24	15.79±0.05	14.05±0.20	10.91±0.17	11.14±0.07	13.78±0.06
	1D02	-	-	8.40±0.30	-	-	13.76±0.08	-	-	-
M. macrosporus	1H01	-	-	-	-	-	-	18.16±0.24	-	9.65±0.03
	4H02	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	10.39±0.51
	1C03	-	-	-	-	14.19±0.05	-	-	-	-
M. stipitatus	7C01	-	-	-	14.77±0.15	-	9.89±0.62	-	-	-
	1C06	9.76±0.47	9.14±0.03	-	13.70±0.02	12.24±0.04	10.22±0.05	9.75±0.08	8.01±0.04	-
	3D02	14.33±0.14	13.87±0.12	11.90±0.10	14.57±0.60	19.74±0.29	16.61±0.04	13.74±0.08	8.43±0.08	-
	1H03	11.22±0.05	12.15±0.18	11.86±0.09	10.75±0.02	17.36±0.07	8.65±0.06	12.94±0.09	-	-
	1C05	12.90±0.36	-	-	-	-	15.99±0.27	12.38±0.22	-	-
M. virescens	8C02	-	-	-	-	-	14.00±0.26	-	-	-
	1Y02	13.90±0.36	8.72±0.08	10.50±0.30	13.10±0.44	11.31±0.27	15.66±0.47	-	-	-
	2H01	10.03±0.09	7.54±0.13	10.15±0.13	11.59±0.03	12.25±0.03	10.09±0.12	-	-	-
	1C07	-	-	-	-	15.59±0.03	-	-	-	-
氨苄青霉素钠	-	19.46±0.30	10.40±0.15	14.33±0.38	20.17±0.23	22.10±0.19	17.11±0.56	17.02±0.03	15.72±0.02	18.39±0.12
空白对照	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Preliminary study on the culturable myxobacteria resources from the Beibu Gulf, Guangxi and their antibacterial activity

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